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Revisi per 21 November 2020 16.21 sunting RaFaDa20631 (bicara \| kontrib) Pengurus 94.842 suntingan k Menambah Kategori:Bahasa berpola subjek–objek–predikat menggunakan HotCat ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 26 Oktober 2024 06.28 sunting balikkan Ariandi Lie (bicara \| kontrib) Pengecualian blokir IP, Peninjau, Pengembali revisi, Pengurus 60.792 suntingan Sudah 3 bulan tidak ada perbaikan (QuickEdit)
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Baris 1: {{Infobox language \| name = ~~Bahasa~~ = Urdu \| altname = Bahasa Urdu baku \| nativename = {{~~lang\|ur\|{{nq~~Nastaliq\|اُردُو}}}} \| pronunciation = {{IPA-hns\|~~ˈʊrdu~~ˈʊrd̪uː\|\|hi-Urdu.ogg}} \|ethnicity=Etnis tak diketahui<ref name="Mukherjee2018">{{cite book\|author=Ramkrishna Mukherjee\|title=Understanding Social Dynamics in South Asia: Essays in Memory of Ramkrishna Mukherjee\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IHWKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA221\|year=2018\|publisher=Springer\|isbn=9789811303876\|pages=221–}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|title=Economic and Political Weekly\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yu-wAAAAIAAJ\|year=1996\|publisher=Sameeksha Trust}}</ref> \| ethnicity = [[orang Urdu]] dan penutur bahasa Urdu dari suku bangsa lainnya ~~\| states = [[Pakistan]] dan [[India]]~~ \| region = [[Pakistan]] (digunakan sebagai basantara mayoritas penduduknya penduduknya){{efn\|group=ib\|Bahasa Urdu dituturkan dan setidaknya dimengerti oleh hampir 90% masyarakat Pakistan, akan tetapi hanya sekitar 7% masyarakat Pakistan yang menuturkan bahasa Urdu sebagai [[bahasa ibu]]ndanya (per perkiraan dari [[Sensus penduduk Pakistan 2017]]<sup>([[:en:2017 Pakistani Census\|en]])</sup>)}}<br/>[[India]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas di wilayah ''[[Sabuk Hindi\|Sabuk Hindustan]] & [[Plato Deccan\|Deccan]]''){{efn\|group=ib\|Bahasa Urdu dituturkan oleh sekitar 4,34 masyarakat India (per [[Sensus penduduk India 2011]]<sup>([[2011 Census of India\|2011 Census]])</sup>)}}<br/>[[Afghanistan]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas){{efn\|group=efn\|Bahasa Urdu dituturkan oleh 2% masyarakat Afganistan (perkiraan)}}<br/>[[Nepal]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas di wilayah ''[[Terai]]''){{efn\|Sekitar 2,6% masyarakat Nepal dapat menuturkan bahasa Urdu (Sensus 2011)}}<br/>[[Bangladesh]] (sebagai bahasa minoritas di ''[[Old Dhaka]]''){{efn\|group=ib\|Kurang dari 1% masyarakat Bangladesh dapat menuturkan bahasa Urdu (perkiraan)}} ~~\| region = [[Asia Selatan]]~~ \| speakers = ~~{{sigfig\|66.5\|2}}~~ ~~juta~~ ( = {{~~sigfig~~Penutur\|~~50.77\|2~~B1}} ~~juta di India,~~: {{sigfig\|1570.73249640\|2}} juta ~~di Pakistan<!--7.57% of 208M = 15.73M-->)~~ \| date = ~~sensus~~ ~~2011~~ ~~dan~~ ~~2017~~ = 2011–2018 \| ref = e25 ~~\| speakers2 = Penutur [[bahasa kedua]]: {{sigfig\|101.59\|3}} juta (1999)<ref>{{e22\|urd\|Urdu}}</ref>~~ \| speakers2 = {{Penutur\|B2}}: {{sigfig\|161.045800\|2}} juta (2018)<ref name=e25/><br/>Total: {{sigfig\|231.295440\|2}} juta<ref name=e25/> \| ref = <ref>{{cite web\|title=Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength - 2011\|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Statement-4.pdf\|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]\|date=29 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/population-mother-tongue\|title=Population by Mother Tongue {{!}} Pakistan Bureau of Statistics\|website=www.pbs.gov.pk\|language=en\|access-date=2018-01-08\|deadurl=no\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712131537/http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/population-mother-tongue\|archivedate=12 July 2017\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> \| speakers_label = Penutur ~~\| familycolor = Indo-European~~ \| ~~fam2~~familycolor = ~~[[Rumpun~~ ~~bahasa~~ = Indo-~~Iran\|Indo-Iran]]~~European \| ~~fam3~~fam2 = ~~[[Rumpun~~ ~~bahasa~~ ~~Indo-Arya~~ = {{PRBahasa\|Indo-~~Arya]]~~Iran}} \| fam3 = {{PRBahasa\|Indo-Arya}} ~~\| fam4 = Zona Tengah~~ \| fam4 = {{PRBahasa\|Hindi}} ~~\| fam5 = [[bahasa Hindi Barat]]~~ \| fam5 = {{PRBahasa\|Hindi Barat}} ~~\| fam6 = [[bahasa Hindustan]]<ref name=ELL2>{{ELL2\|Hindustani}}</ref>~~ \| fam6 = {{PRBahasa\|Hindustani}} ~~\| fam7 = [[dialek Khariboli]]<ref name=ELL2/>~~ \| dia2 = {{PBahasa\|Urdu Dhakaiya}} ~~\| dia1 = [[Dakhni]]~~ \| dia1 = {{PBahasa\|Deccani}} ~~\| dia2 = [[Dhakaiya]]~~ \| dia3 = {{PBahasa\|Urdu Yahudi}} \| script = {{plainlist\|▼ \| ancestor = [[Shauraseni Prakrit]] [[Abjad Urdu]]<br>[[Braille Bahasa Urdu]]}}▼ \| ancestor2 = [[Apabhraṃśa]] ~~\| nation =~~ \| ancestor3 = {{PBahasa\|Hindi Kuno}} {{flag\|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag\|India}}<br><br>Terdaftar:<br>{{flag\|Nepal}}<br><br>'''Negara bagian'''<br>Resmi:<br>{{flag\|Jammu dan Kashmir}}<br><br>Resmi kedua:<br>[[Delhi]]<br>[[Bihar]]<br>[[Uttar Pradesh]]<br>[[Jharkhand]]<br>[[Bengal Barat]]<br>[[Telangana]]<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/urdu-is-telanganas-second-official-language-4940595/\|title=Urdu is Telangana’s second official language\|date=2017-11-16\|work=[[The Indian Express]]\|access-date=2018-02-27\|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/urdu-second-official-language-telangana-state-passes-bill-71742\|title=Urdu is second official language in Telangana as state passes Bill\|date=2017-11-17\|work=The News Minute\|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>▼ \| ancestor4 = {{PBahasa\|Hindustani}} \| minority = {{flag\|Uni Emirat Arab}}<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print_ae.html\|title=The World Fact Book\|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency\|deadurl=no\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716041601/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print_ae.html\|archivedate=16 July 2017\|df=dmy-all}}</ref> \| ancestor5 = [[Rekhta]] \| iso1 = ur▼ ▲\| script = {{plainlist\| \| iso2 = urd▼ * [[Alfabet Persia\|Abjad Perso-Arab]] ([[Alfabet Urdu]]) \| iso3 = urd▼ ▲~~[[Abjad~~* ~~Urdu]]<br>~~[[Braille ~~Bahasa~~bahasa Urdu]]}} \| lingua = 59-AAF-q▼ * [[Roman Urdu]] (tidak resmi) \| image = Urdu example.svg▼ * [[alfabet Ibrani]] ([[Bahasa Urdu Yahudi]] - historis) ~~\| imagesize = 120px~~ }} ~~\| imagecaption = ''Urdu'' dalam [[abjad Nastaʿlīq]]~~ \| nation = {{flag\|Pakistan}}<br/>(bahasa resmi) \| map = Urdu_official-language_areas.png▼ {{IND}}<br/>([[Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India\|8th Schedule]], status resmi tergantung wilayah negara bagian)<ref>{{cite web \|title=Official languages specified in the Constitution of India \|url=https://m.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-official-languages-specified-in-the-constitution-of-india-1522319586-1 \|website=Jagran Prakashan\|date=29 March 2018 }}</ref> ~~\| mapcaption = {{legend\|#ffc90e\|Daerah India dan Pakistan tempat Urdu dapat berstatus resmi atau resmi kedua}}~~ * [[Jammu dan Kashmirl]] ~~{{legend\|#fff200\|Daerah yang status bahasa Urdunya tidak resmi {{fix\|text=Ingat, bahasa Urdu berstatus bahasa resmi kedua di Benggala Barat}}}}~~ * [[Delhi]] \| notice = IPA▼ * [[Bihar]] ~~\| sign = {{plainlist\|~~ * [[Uttar Pradesh]] [[Bahasa Isyarat India]] (ISS)<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://punarbhava.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1056&Itemid=614\|title=Short Term Programmes\|author=Gaurav Takkar\|work=punarbhava.in\|accessdate=29 March 2015\|deadurl=yes\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115071424/http://punarbhava.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1056&Itemid=614\|archivedate=15 November 2016\|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br>[[Tanda Bahasa Urdu]]<ref>"Indo-Pakistani Sign Language", ''Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics''</ref>}} * [[Jharkhand]] \| glotto = urdu1245▼ * [[Andhra Pradesh]]<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/240322/assembly-passes-two-bills-of-minorities-component-and-urdu-as-2nd-offi.html\|title=Urdu second official language in Andhra Pradesh\|date=24 March 2022\|work=Deccan Chronicles\|access-date=25 March 2022\|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|title=Bill recognising Urdu as second official language passed \|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/bill-recognising-urdu-as-second-official-languagepassed/article65252966.ece \|access-date=1 April 2022 \|work=The Hindu \|date=23 March 2022 \|language=en-IN}}</ref> \| glottorefname = Urdu▼ ▲~~{{flag\|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag\|India}}<br><br>Terdaftar:<br>{{flag\|Nepal}}<br><br>'''Negara~~* ~~bagian'''<br>Resmi:<br>{{flag\|Jammu dan Kashmir}}<br><br>Resmi kedua:<br>[[Delhi]]<br>[[Bihar]]<br>[[Uttar Pradesh]]<br>[[Jharkhand]]<br>[[Bengal Barat]]<br>~~[[Telangana]]<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/urdu-is-telanganas-second-official-language-4940595/\|title=Urdu is ~~Telangana’s~~Telangana's second official language\|date=~~2017-11-~~16 November 2017\|work=[[The Indian Express]]\|access-date=~~2018-02-~~27 February 2018\|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/urdu-second-official-language-telangana-state-passes-bill-71742\|title=Urdu is second official language in Telangana as state passes Bill\|date=~~2017-11-~~17 November 2017\|work=The News Minute\|access-date=~~2018-02-~~27 February 2018}}</ref> ~~\| agency = [[Departemen Promosi Bahasa Nasional]] (Pakistan)<br>[[Dewan Nasional untuk Promosi Bahasa Urdu]] (India)~~ * [[Bengal Barat]] ~~\|altname=Bahasa Urdu Standar Modern\|ancestor=[[Bahasa Hindustani\|Hindustani]]\|ancestor2=[[Rekhta]]\|dia3=[[Rekhta]]\|ancestor3=[[Bahasa Dehlavi\|Dehlavi]]}}~~ \| minority = {{flag\|Afrika Selatan}} (bahasa dilindungi)<ref>{{cite web\|title=Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions\|url=http://www.gov.za/documents/constitution/chapter-1-founding-provisions\|website=www.gov.za\|access-date=6 December 2014}}</ref> ▲\| iso1 = ur ▲\| iso2 = urd ▲\| iso3 = urd ▲\| lingua = 59-AAF-q ▲\| image = Urdu example.svg \| imagescale = 0.4 \| imagecaption = "Urdu" yang ditulis dalam abjad Perso-Arab bergaya ''[[Nastaliq]]'' ▲\| map = Urdu_official-language_areas.png \| mapcaption = Peta yang menunjukkan perdebatan bahasa Urdu di Pakistan dan India dengan rincian sebagai berikut:{{legend3\|#ffc90e\|Area yang menuturkan bahasa Urdu sebagai bahasa ibunda mayoritas penduduknya maupun menjadi bahasa resmi dan semi-resmi}} {{legend3\|#fff200\|Area yang tidak memiliki status resmi maupun semi-resmi dalam konstitusinya, namun masih dituturkan oleh penduduknya}} ▲\| notice = IPA \| notice = Arab \| sign = [[Bahasa Isyarat Indo-Pakistan]] * Bahasa Isyarat Urdu<ref>"Indo-Pakistani Sign Language", ''Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics''</ref> ▲\| glotto = urdu1245 ▲\| glottorefname = Urdu \| agency = [[National Language Promotion Department]] (Pakistan)<br/>[[National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language]] (India) }} '''Bahasa Urdu''' atau '''''Urdu Zabaan''''' (juga disebut '''Lashkari''' oleh penuturnya<ref name="Dayal2010">{{cite book\|author=Mala Dayal\|title=Celebrating Delhi\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L8Pg-d_3_M4C&pg=PT147\|date=1 August 2010\|publisher=Penguin Books Limited\|isbn=978-81-8475-273-1\|pages=147–}}</ref><ref name="Hasan1970">{{cite book\|author=M. Fazlul Hasan\|title=Bangalore Through the Centuries\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XQgiAAAAMAAJ\|year=1970\|publisher=Historical Publications}}</ref> dieja secara lokal '''لشکری''') merupakan salah satu bahasa termuda dari cabang [[Indo-Arya]]. Kata <nowiki>''Urdu'' berasal dari bahasa Turki 'Ordu'</nowiki> yang berarti kamp atau tenda. Akar bahasa ini, pada mulanya diperkirakan dari bahasa ''Khari Boli'' yang dituturkan oleh penduduk kota [[New Delhi]]. Baris 107 ⟶ 126: {{DEFAULTSORT:Urdu, Bahasa}} [[Kategori:Bahasa Urdu\| ]] [[Kategori:~~Bahasa~~Rumpun bahasa Indo-Arya]] [[Kategori:Bahasa ~~berpola subjek–objek–predikat~~subjek-objek-verba]]