Kerajaan Rattanakosin: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox
| conventional_long_name = Kerajaan Rattanakosin{{efn|This historical period is more colloquially referred to as the Rattanakosin period in Thailand. The term ''Rattanakosin'' can still refer to Thailand today since Bangkok is still its capital.}}<br>{{nobold|{{native name|th|อาณาจักรรัตนโกสินทร์}}<br>{{transliteration|th|Anachak Rattanakosin}}}}<hr>Kerajaan Siam{{efn|Beginning with the [[Bowring Treaty]] of 1855, the country was referred to as the "Kingdom of Siam" in diplomatic treaties.<ref>{{cite news|title="สยาม" ถูกใช้เรียกชื่อประเทศเป็นทางการสมัยรัชกาลที่ 4|url=https://www.silpa-mag.com/club/art-and-culture/article_10496|newspaper=ศิลปวัฒนธรรม|date=6 July 2017|access-date=10 August 2017|language=th|author1=Silpa-1}}</ref>}}<br>{{nobold|
| common_name = Siam
| era = [[Early modern era]], [[modern period]]
| event_start = Establishment
|
| event_end = [[Siamese revolution of 1932|Siamese revolution]]
| date_end = 24 June 1932
| life_span = 1782–1932
| event1 = [[Burmese–Siamese War (1785–1786)|Nine Armies' Wars]]
| date_event1 = 1785–1786
| event2 = [[Burney Treaty]]
| date_event2 = 20 June 1826
| event3 = [[Lao rebellion (1826–1828)|Lao Rebellion]]
| date_event3 = 1826–1828
| event4 = [[Siamese–Vietnamese War (1841–1845)|Siamese–Vietnamese War in Cambodia]]
| date_event4 = 1841–1845
| event5 = Westernization and nationalism
| date_event5 = 1851–1932
| event6 = [[Bowring Treaty]]
| date_event6 = 18 April 1855
| event7 = [[Front Palace Crisis]]
| date_event7 = 1874–1875
| event8 = [[1893 Franco-Siamese crisis|Franco-Siamese crisis of 1893]]
| date_event8 = July–October 1893
| event9 = [[Palace Revolt of 1912|Palace Revolt]]
| date_event9 = 1 April 1912
| event10 = [[Siam in World War I|Declarations of war on Germany and Austria-Hungary]]
| date_event10 = 22 July 1917
| flag_p1 = Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg
| p1 = Kerajaan Thonburi
| p2 = Kerajaan Chiang Mai
| flag_p3 = Flag of the Kingdom of Vientiane (1707–1828).svg
| p3 = Kerajaan Vientiane
| flag_p4 = Flag of the Kingdom of Luang Phrabang (1707-1893).svg
| p4 = Kerajaan Luang Phrabang
| flag_p5 = Flag of the Kingdom of Champasak (1713-1947).svg
| p5 = Kerajaan Champasak
| p6 = Kerajaan Nakhon Si Thammarat
| flag_p7 = Flag of Patani Kingdom (until 1816).svg
| p7 = Kerajaan Pattani
| flag_s1 = Flag of Thailand.svg
| s1 = Thailand{{!}}Kerajaan Siam
| flag_s2 = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg
| s2 = Malaya Britania Raya
| flag_s3 = Flag of France.svg
| s3 = Indochina Prancis
| flag_s4 = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg
| s4 = Burma Britania Raya
| image_flag = Flag of Siam (1855).svg
| image_flag2 = Flag of Thailand.svg
| flag_type = {{br list|Atas: [[Daftar bendera Thailand#Bendera jaman dulu|Bendera]]|(1832–1916)|Bawah: [[Daftar bendera Thailand|Bendera]]|(1917–1932)}}
| image_coat = [[File:Coat of arms of Siam (greater).svg|77px]]<br>[[File:Emblem of Thailand.svg|77px]]
| symbol_type = {{br list|Atas: [[Lambang Thailand|Lambang]]|(1873–1910)
|Bawah: [[Lambang Thailand|Lambang]]|(1911–1932)}}
| national_motto = {{ubl|{{lang|pi-Thai|สพฺเพสํ สงฺฆภูตานํ สามคฺคี วุฑฺฒิ สาธิกา}}|{{transl|pi|Sabbesaṃ Saṅghabhūtānaṃ Sāmaggī Vuḍḍhi Sādhikā}} ([[Pali|Pāḷi]])|"Persatuan Diantara Mereka Yang Bersatu Membawa Keberhasilan dan Kemakmuran"}}
| national_anthem = {{ubl|{{lang|th|จอมราชจงเจริญ}}<br>{{transl|th|[[Chom Rat Chong Charoen]]}}<br>"Hiduplah Raja Agung"<br>(1852–1871){{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Chomrajchongcharoen.ogg]]}}|{{lang|th|บุหลันลอยเลื่อน}}<br>{{transl|th|[[Bulan Loi Luean]]}}<br>"Bulan yang Mengambang di Langit"<br>(1871–1888)|{{lang|th|สรรเสริญพระบารมี}}<br>{{transl|th|[[Sansoen Phra Barami]]}}<br>"Memuliakan Prestise-nya"<br>(1888–1932){{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Thai Royal Anthem - US Navy Band.ogg]]}}}}
| image_map = Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1805.jpg
| map_caption = Lingkup pengaruh Rattanakosin, 1805
| image_map2 = Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1916.jpg
| map_caption2 = Peta administratif Siam, 1916
| capital = [[Bangkok]]
| official_languages = [[Bahasa Thai|Thai]] (Siamese)
| languages = [[Bahasa Thai|Thailand Tengah]], [[Bahasa Thai Selatan|Thai Selatan]], [[Bahasa Thai Utara|Thai Utara]], [[Bahasa Lao|Lao]], [[Bahasa Khmer|Khmer]], [[Bahasa Melayu|Melayu]], Bermacam-macam [[Bahasa Cina]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lieberman |first1=Victor |title=Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) |date=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521800860|edition=Kindle }}</ref>
| languages_type = Spoken languages
| languages_sub = yes
| religion = {{ubl|'''Majority:'''<br>[[Theravada Buddhism]] {{nowrap|([[state religion]])}}|'''Minority:'''<br>[[Hinduism]], [[Christianity]], [[Islam]]}}
| currency = {{ubl|[[Bullet money|Photduang]] (until 1904)|[[Thai baht|Baht/Tical]] (from 1860)}}
| government_type = {{ubl|[[Mandala (sejarah Asia Tenggara)|Monarki Mandala]] (1782–1892)<ref name="ReferenceA">Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. ''A History of Thailand'' 4th edition. Cambridge University Press.</ref>|[[Monarki absolut]] (1892–1932)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>}}
| leader1 = [[Rama I|Phutthayotfa Chulalok]]
| year_leader1 = 1782–1809 (pertama)
| leader2 = [[Rama II|Phutthaloetla Naphalai]]
| year_leader2 = 1809–1824
| leader3 = [[Rama III|Nangklao]]
| year_leader3 = 1824–1851
| leader4 = [[Mongkut]]
| year_leader4 = 1851–1868
| leader5 = [[Chulalongkorn]]
| year_leader5 = 1868–1910
| leader6 = [[Vajiravudh]]
| year_leader6 = 1910–1925
| leader7 = [[Prajadhipok]]
| year_leader7 = 1925–1932 (terakhir)
| title_leader = [[Monarki Thailand|Monarki]]
| deputy1 = [[Maha Sura Singhanat]]
| year_deputy1 = 1782–1803 (pertama)
| deputy2 = [[Wichaichan]]
| year_deputy2 = 1868–1885 (terakhir)
| title_deputy = Istana Depan
| legislature = Tidak ada{{efn|From 1925 to 1932, it had an established legislative council called [[Supreme Council of State of Siam]], although it had no legislative powers.}}
| stat_year1 = Awal abad ke-19<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lieberman |first1=Victor |title=Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) |date=2003 |page=295 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521800860|edition=Kindle}} "Siam's population must have increased from c. 2,500,000 in 1600 to 4,000,000 in 1800."</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Thailand, economy and politics |date=1995 |publisher=Kuala Lumpur; New York : Oxford University Press |isbn=978-967-65-3097-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/thailandeconomyp0000pasu_w7w9/page/8/mode/2up?view=theater}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Baker |first1=Chris |last2=Phongpaichit |first2=Pasuk |title=A History of Thailand |date=2022 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-009-01483-0 |pages=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxNkEAAAQBAJ}}</ref>{{efn|1800 (Lieberman)/Early 19th century (Baker-Phongpaichit).}}
| stat_pop1 = 1,000,000–4,000,000
| stat_year2 = 1929<ref>{{cite web |title=Number of population in Thailand : 1911–1990 census years |url=http://web.nso.go.th/eng/en/stat/poph/popt1.htm |website=web.nso.go.th |publisher=National Statistical Office |access-date=14 January 2022 |date=2004 |archive-date=24 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324131319/http://web.nso.go.th/eng/en/stat/poph/popt1.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| stat_pop2 = 11,506,207
| utc_offset = +07:00
| time_zone = [[Indochina Time|ICT]]
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Thai solar calendar|BE]])
| drives_on = kanan
| today = {{hlist|[[Thailand]]|[[Malaysia]]|[[Myanmar]]|[[Laos]]|[[Kamboja]]|[[Vietnam]]}}
| footnotes = {{notelist}}
| demonym = [[Thai people|Siamese]]
}}
'''Kerajaan Rattanakosin''' ({{lang-th|อาณาจักรรัตนโกสินทร์}}, {{IPA-th|āːnāːt͡ɕàk ráttanákōːsǐn|IPA}}
== Referensi ==
* Greene, Stephen Lyon Wakeman. Absolute Dreams. Thai Government Under Rama VI, 1910–1925. Bangkok: White Lotus, 1999
* Wyatt, David, Thailand: A Short History, Yale University Press, 1984
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