Buddhisme dan Hinduisme: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Hindu}}

'''Agama Buddha dan Hindu''' memiliki asal mula yang sama dalam budaya [[Gangga]] di [[India utara]] selama apa yang disebut [[Sejarah India#Urbanisasi kedua|"urbanisasi kedua"]] sekitar tahun 500 SM.{{sfn|Samuels|2010}} Mereka telah berbagi kepercayaan sejalan yang telah ada saling berdampingan, tetapi juga menjabarkan perbedaan-perbedaan.<ref>Y. Masih in ''A Comparative Study of Religions'' (2000), Motilal Banarsidass Publishers: Delhi, {{ISBN|81-208-0815-0}} Page 18. "There is no evidence to show that [[Jainism]] and Buddhism ever subscribed to vedic sacrifices, vedic deities or caste. They are parallel or native religions of India and have contributed much to the growth of even classical Hinduism of the present times."</ref>

 

== Upanisad ==

 

 

Agama Buddha mungkin dipengaruhi oleh beberapa gagasan Upanisad, namun mengabaikan kecenderungan ortodoks mereka.<ref>{{citation|last=Upadhyaya|first=Kashi Nath|title=Early Buddhism and the Bhagavadgītā|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JBbznHuPrTYC&pg=PA103|year=1998|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0880-5|pages=103–104}}</ref> Dalam kitab-kitab Buddhis, dia dijabarkan menolak jalan keselamatan sebagai "pandangan salah".<ref>Hajime Nakamura (1990) ''A History of Early Vedānta Philosophy'': Part One. p.139, Reprint by Motilal Banarsidass Publ.</ref> Aliran-aliran pemikiran religius India kemudian dipengaruhi oleh penafsiran dan gagasan-gagasan baru dari tradisi kepercayaan Buddhis ini.<ref>[http://ccbs.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-PHIL/ew27039.htm K. N. Upadhaya (1968) "The Impact of Early Buddhism on Hindu Thought (with Special Reference to the Bhagavadgiitaa)"], ''Philosophy East and West''

Pada tahun-tahun berikutnya, ada bukti signifikan bahwa agama Buddha dan Hindu didukung oleh para penguasa India, terlepas dari identitas keagamaan para penguasa itu sendiri. Raja-raja Buddhis terus menghormati dewa-dewa dan guru-guru Hindu dan banyak kuil Buddhis dibangun di bawah sokongan para penguasa Hindu.<ref>January 2008, VOL. 213, #1</ref> Hal ini karena agama Buddha tidak pernah dianggap sebagai sebuah agama asing dengan agama Hindu di India tetapi hanya sebagai salah satu dari banyak aliran agama Hindu. Karya [[Kālidāsa]] menunjukkan bangkitnya agama Hindu dengan mengorbankan agama Buddha.<ref>Hill, Christopher. ''South Asia: An Environmental History''. ABC-CLIO 2008, page 35. "Through Kalidas' work we begin to see the ascension of Hinduism, taking the place of Buddhism as the dominant religion."</ref> Pada abad kedelapan, [[Siwa]] dan [[Wisnu]] telah menggantikan [[Buddha]] dalam [[puja (Hindu)|puja]] kerajaan.<ref>Morley, Grace. 2005. ''Indian Sculpture.'' Roli Books. pg. 28. "By the end of the Gupta period Buddhism was no longer dominant, even in the north, where it had prevailed for so long."</ref><ref>Inden, Ronald. "Ritual, Authority, And Cycle Time in Hindu Kingship." In JF Richards, ed., ''Kingship and Authority in South Asia''. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1998, p.67, 55"before the eighth century, the Buddha was accorded the position of universal deity and ceremonies through which a king attained to imperial status were elaborate donative ceremonies entailing gifts to Buddhist monks and the installation of a symbolic Buddha in a stupa....This pattern changed in the eighth century. The Buddha was replaced as the supreme, imperial deity by one of the Hindu gods (except under the Palas of eastern India, the Buddha's homeland)...Previously the Buddha had been accorded imperial-style worship (puja). Now as one of the Hindu gods replaced the Buddha at the imperial centre and pinnacle of the cosmo-political system, the image or symbol of the Hindu god comes to be housed in a monumental temple and given increasingly elaborate imperial-style puja worship."</ref><ref>Holt, John. ''The Buddhist Visnu''. Columbia University Press, 2004, p.12,15 "The replacement of the Buddha as the "cosmic person" within the mythic ideology of Indian kingship, as we shall see shortly, occurred at about the same time the Buddha was incorporated and subordinated within the Brahmanical cult of Visnu."</ref>

 

Sang Buddha menyetujui banyak istilah yang telah digunakan dalam diskusi filosofis pada masanya; namun, banyak dari istilah-istilah ini memiliki makna berbeda dalam tradisi Buddhis. Sebagai contoh, dalam [[Samaññaphala Sutta]], Sang Buddha digambarkan memberikan pengertian tentang [http://www.buddhisma2z.com/content.php?id=530 "tiga pengetahuan" (''tevijja'')]—sebuah istilah yang juga digunakan dalam tradisi [[Weda]] untuk menggambarkan pengetahuan [[Weda]]—sebagai bukan teks, sebagai bukan teks, tetapi hal-hal yang dia alami.<ref>{{Harv|Gombrich|1997|pp=29–30}}</ref> "Tiga pengetahuan" yang hakiki dikatakan didasari oleh proses mencapai pencerahan, yang merupakan apa yang dikatakan telah dicapai Buddha dalam tiga jam jaga pada malam pencerahannya.<ref>"The brahmin by caste alone, the teacher of the ''Veda'', is (jokingly) etymologized as the 'non-meditator' (''ajhāyaka''). Brahmins who memorize the three ''Vedas'' (''tevijja'') really know nothing: it is the process of achieving Enlightenment—what the Buddha is said to have achieved in the three watches of that night—that constitutes the true 'three knowledges.' " R.F. Gombrich in Paul Williams, ed., "Buddhism: Critical Concepts in Religious studies." Taylor and Francis 2006, page 120.</ref>

 

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* [[Agama Buddha dan Kekristenan]]

* [[Indeks artikel terkait agama Buddha]]

* [[Agama Buddha sekuler]]

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|author-link=Richard Gombrich|isbn=81-215-0812-6|ref=harv|postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}| year=1997}}

* {{Citation | last =Samuel | first =Geoffrey | year =2010 | title =The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century | publisher =Cambridge University Press}}

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* [[Arun Kumar Biswas]] [https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8170204003 Buddha and Bodhisattva - A Hindu View] (Cosmo Publications, New Delhi, 1987)

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{{Wikiversity|Buddha oracle#7 The Way of Victory (The soul (atman and anatta))}}

 

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