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Costus: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Automatic taxobox|fill=yes
{{kotak info spesies
| taxon = Costus
|}}
| authority = L.
| synonyms =
* ''Gissanthe'' <small>Salisb.</small>
* ''Acinax'' <small>Raf.</small>
* ''Jacuanga'' <small>T.Lestib.</small>
* ''Cadalvena'' <small>Fenzl</small>}}
 
'''Pacing''Costus''''' (Lat.:atau ''Costus'Pacing''') adalah genus [[tumbuhan]] asli [[Asia Tenggara]].<ref name="Shadily">{{id}} Hassan Shadily ''Ensiklopedi Indonesia'' Jilid ke-6. 1984. Jakarta: Ictiar Baru- Van Hoeve dan Elsevier Publishing Projects.</ref> Termasukyang termasuk kedalam sukufamili temu - temuan (''Zingiberaceae'')Costaceae.<ref name="Shadily"/><refTanaman name="ARS">{{citeini web |author=United States Department of Agriculture|year= |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?426906 |title=Costus spicatus information from NPGS/GRIN |work=USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)| publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |accessdate= 2010-12-25}}</ref>dapat terdapatditemukan di [[dataran rendah]] sampai [[pegunungan]], 1.000 meter di atas permukaan laut, terutama di tempat yang lembab dan agak terlindung.<ref name="Shadily"/> Tumbuh liar atau di tanam sebagai [[tanaman hias]].<ref name="Shadily"/> Terna besar, tegak, tinggi sampai 4 meter, biasanya dalam rumpun.<ref name="Shadily"/> Berbatang keras, bergaris - garis [[coklat]] muda.<ref name="Shadily"/> [[Daun]] berbentuk linset, tangkai daun berbulu.<ref name="Shadily"/> [[Bunga]] tersusun dalam bongkol, berwarna [[merah]].<ref name="Shadily"/> Bila mekar, daun mahkota yang membentuk [[bibir]] berwarna [[putih]] dan bergaris [[kuning]] di tingah tersembul ke luar menonjol.<ref name="Shadily"/> [[Buah]] [[bulat]] memanjang, [[merah]], berbiji [[hitam]].<ref name="Shadily"/> Mudah di perbanyak dengan [[biji]], [[stek akar]] rimpang atau [[stek batang]].<ref name="Shadily"/> [[Akar]] rimpang di pakai dalam ramuan [[jamu]] untuk [[obat demam]] dan [[kejang]].<ref name="Shadily"/> [[Daun]] dan cabang mudah digunakan untuk cuci [[rambut]].<ref name="Shadily"/> [[Umbi]] banyak mengandung pati dan serat, di samping itu juga terdapat [[senyawa]] [[racun]] saponin dan sedikit [[minyak atsiri]].<ref name="Shadily"/>
 
== Daftar Spesies ==
* ''[[Costus acanthocephalus]]'' <small>[[K.Schum.]]</small> - [[Sumatra]]
* ''[[Costus acreanus]]'' <small>([[Loes.]]) [[Paul Maas (botanist)|Maas]]</small> - Colombia, Peru, N Brazil
* ''[[Costus adolphi-friderici]]'' <small>[[Loes.]]</small> - [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
* ''[[Costus afer]]'' <small>[[Ker Gawl.]]</small> - trop Africa
* ''[[Costus allenii]]'' <small>[[Paul Maas (botanist)|Maas]]</small> - S Central America, NW South America
* ''[[Costus amazonicus]]'' <small>(Loes.) J.F.Macbr.</small> - NW South America
* ''[[Costus arabicus]]'' <small>[[Vell.]]</small> - West Indies, South America
* ''[[Costus araneosus]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small> - [[Republic of the Congo]]
* ''[[Costus asplundii]]'' <small>(Maas) Maas</small> - Ecuador, Peru
* ''[[Costus asteranthus]]'' <small>Maas & H.Maas</small> - Peru
* ''[[Costus barbatus]]'' <small>Suess</small> - [[Costus barbatus|Spiral ginger]] - Costa Rica
* ''[[Costus beckii]]'' <small>Maas & H.Maas</small> - Peru, Bolivia
* ''[[Costus bicolor]]'' <small>J.Braun & K.Schum.</small> - Cameroon
* ''[[Costus bracteatus]]'' <small>Rowlee</small> - - S Central America
* ''[[Costus bullatus]]'' <small>Meekiong, Muliati & Ipor</small> - [[Sarawak]]
* ''[[Costus chartaceus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - [[Christmas costus]] - Colombia, Ecuador
* ''[[Costus chrysocephalus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - [[Lesser Sunda Islands|Lesser Sunda Is]]
* ''[[Costus claviger]]'' <small>Benoist</small> - the Guianas
* ''[[Costus clemensiae]]'' <small>Ridl.</small> - [[Mindanao]]
* ''[[Costus comosus]]'' <small>[[William Roscoe|Roscoe]]</small> - from [[Oaxaca]] to [[Ecuador]]
* ''[[Costus cordatus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Colombia
* ''[[Costus cupreifolius]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Colombia
* ''[[Costus curvibracteatus]]'' <small>[[Paul Maas (botanist)|Maas]]</small> - from Nicaragua to Colombia
* ''[[Costus deistellii]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - W Africa
* ''[[Costus dendrophilus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - Cameroon
* ''[[Costus dewevrei]]'' <small>De Wild. & T.Durand</small> - C Africa
* ''[[Costus dinklagei]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - C Africa
* ''[[Costus dirzoi]]'' <small>García-Mend. & G.Ibarra</small> - [[Veracruz]]
* ''[[Costus dubius]]'' <small>([[Afzel.]]) [[K.Schum.]]</small> - trop Africa
* ''[[Costus eburneus]]'' <small>Meekiong, Muliati & Tawan</small> - [[Sarawak]]
* ''[[Costus erythrocoryne]]'' <small>K.Schum. -</small> Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
* ''[[Costus erythrophyllus]]'' <small>[[Loes.]]</small> - Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, N Brazil
* ''[[Costus erythrothyrsus]]'' <small>Loes.</small> - Peru, N Brazil, Guianas
* ''[[Costus fissicalyx]]'' <small>N.R.Salinas, Clavijo & Betancur</small> - Colombia
* ''[[Costus fissiligulatus]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small> - C Africa
* ''[[Costus foliaceus]]'' <small>Lock & A.D.Poulsen</small> - Uganda
* ''[[Costus fortalezae]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - [[Acre (state)|Acre]]
* ''[[Costus gabonensis ]]'' <small>Koechlin</small> - Gabon, Republic of the Congo
* ''[[Costus geothyrsus ]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - Ecuador
* ''[[Costus giganteus]]'' <small>Welw. ex Ridl.</small> - [[São Tomé]], [[Príncipe]], [[Annobón]], [[Cameroon]]
* ''[[Costus glaucus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - from Nicaragua to Colombia
* ''[[Costus guanaiensis]]'' <small>[[Henry Hurd Rusby|Rusby]]</small> - Latin America, West Indies
* ''[[Costus juruanus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - N Brazil
* ''[[Costus laevis]]'' <small>[[Ruiz & Pav.]]</small> - from Belize to Bolivia
* ''[[Costus lasius]]'' <small>Loes.</small> - from Nicaragua to Peru
* ''[[Costus lateriflorus]]'' <small>Baker</small> - Nigeria, Gabon
* ''[[Costus le-testui]]'' <small>Pellegr</small> - Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo
* ''[[Costus ledermannii]]'' <small>Loes.</small> - Cameroon
* ''[[Costus leucanthus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Colombia, Ecuador
* ''[[Costus ligularis]]'' <small>Baker</small> - Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo
* ''[[Costus lima]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - from Honduras to Ecuador
* ''[[Costus loangensis]]'' <small>H.Maas & Maas</small> - Gabon
* ''[[Costus longebracteolatus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - N South America
* ''[[Costus lucanusianus ]]'' <small>[[J.Braun]] & [[K.Schum.]]</small> - trop Africa
* ''[[Costus maboumiensis]]'' <small>Pellegr.</small> - Gabon, Republic of the Congo
* ''[[Costus macranthus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - E + SE Africa
* ''[[Costus maculatus]]'' <small>Roscoe</small> - W + C Africa
* ''[[Costus malortieanus]]'' <small>H.Wendl.</small> - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras
* ''[[Costus megalobractea]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - Cameroon
* ''[[Costus microcephalus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - Borneo
* ''[[Costus montanus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Costa Rica
* ''[[Costus mosaicus]]'' <small>[[W.Bull]]</small> - Democratic Republic of the Congo
* ''[[Costus muluensis]]'' <small>Meekiong, Ipor & Tawan</small> - [[Sarawak]]
* ''[[Costus mulus]]'' <small>Meekiong, Ipor & Tawan</small> - [[Sarawak]]
* ''[[Costus nemotrichus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - Cameroon
* ''[[Costus nitidus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Costa Rica, Panama
* ''[[Costus nudicaulis]]'' <small>Baker</small> - [[Gabon]]
* ''[[Costus oblongus]]'' <small>[[S.Q.Tong]]</small> - [[Tibet]], [[Yunnan]]
* ''[[Costus oligophyllus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - [[Perak]]
* ''[[Costus osae]]'' <small>[[Paul Maas (botanist)|Maas]] & [[H.Maas]]</small> - Costa Rica, Colombia
* ''[[Costus phaeotrichus]]'' <small>Loes.</small> - Cameroon, Gabon
* ''[[Costus phyllocephalus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Angola
* ''[[Costus pictus]]'' <small>D.Don</small> - Mexico, Central America
* ''[[Costus plicatus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Costa Rica, Panama
* ''[[Costus plowmanii]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Colombia
* ''[[Costus productus ]]'' <small>Gleason ex Maas</small> - Peru
* ''[[Costus pulverulentus]]'' <small>[[C.Presl]]</small> - from [[Tamaulipas]] to Ecuador
* ''[[Costus quasi-appendiculatus]]'' <small>Woodson ex Maas</small> - Bolivia
* ''[[Costus ricus]]'' <small>[[Paul Maas (botanist)|Maas]] & [[H.Maas]]</small> - Costa Rica
* ''[[Costus rumphianus]]'' <small>[[Valeton ex K.Heyne]]</small> - [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]]
* ''[[Costus sarmentosus]]'' <small>Bojer</small> - Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi
* ''[[Costus scaber]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small> - from [[Veracruz]] + Haiti to Bolivia
* ''[[Costus schlechteri]]'' H.J.P.Winkl. - W Africa
* ''[[Costus sepacuitensis]]'' <small>Rowlee</small> - Guatemala
* ''[[Costus spectabilis]]'' (Fenzl) K.Schum. - trop Africa
* ''[[Costus spicatus]]'' (Jacq.) Sw. - West Indies
* ''[[Costus spiralis]]'' <small>([[Jacq.]]) [[William Roscoe|Roscoe]]</small> - trop South America
* ''[[Costus sprucei]]'' <small>Maas</small> - N Brazil
* ''[[Costus stenophyllus]]'' <small>[[Standl.]] + [[L.O.Williams]]</small> - Costa Rica
* ''[[Costus subbiflorus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - SE Africa
* ''[[Costus sulfureus]]'' <small>K.Schum.</small> - [[Sulawesi]]
* ''[[Costus talbotii]]'' <small>Ridl.</small> - Nigeria
* ''[[Costus tapenbeckianus]]'' <small>J.Braun & K.Schum</small> - Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, Gabon
* ''[[Costus tonkinensis]]'' <small>[[Gagnep.]]</small> - Vietnam, [[Guangdong]], [[Guangxi]], [[Yunnan]]
* ''[[Costus ubangiensis]]'' <small>Gagnep.</small> - [[Central African Republic]], Cameroon
* ''[[Costus ulei]]'' <small>Loes.</small> - [[Acre (state)|Acre]]
* ''[[Costus vargasii]]'' <small>Maas & H.Maas</small> - Peru
* ''[[Costus varzearum]]'' <small>Maas</small> - N Brazil
* ''[[Costus villosissimus]]'' <small>Jacq.</small> - trop America
* ''[[Costus vinosus]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Panama
* ''[[Costus violaceus]]'' <small>Koechlin</small> - Gabon
* ''[[Costus viridis]]'' <small>[[S.Q.Tong]]</small> - Yunnan
* ''[[Costus wilsonii]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Panama, Costa Rica
* ''[[Costus woodsonii]]'' <small>Maas</small> - Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Colombia
* ''[[Costus zamoranus]]'' <small>Steyerm.</small> - Colombia, Ecuador
* ''[[Costus zingiberoides]]'' <small>J.F.Macbr.</small> - [[Loreto Region|Loreto]]
 
Banyak spesies lain yang dahulu dimasukan kedalam genus ini, tetapi sekarang dianggap sebagai anggota dari genus lain. Spesies-spesies tersebut dipindahkan ke dalam beberapa genus seperti ''[[Alpinia]]'', ''[[Amomum]]'', ''[[Caulokaempferia]]'', ''[[Cheilocostus]]'', ''[[Chamaecostus]]'', ''[[Dimerocostus]]'', ''[[Hellenia]]'', ''[[Paracostus]]'', ''[[Renealmia]]'', dan ''[[Tapeinochilos]]''
 
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 10 ⟶ 126:
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q133082}}
 
[[Kategori:Pacing| Costus]]
[[Kategori:TanamanTumbuhan obat]]
[[Kategori:Tanaman hias]]
[[Kategori:ZingiberaceaeCostaceae]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Costus"