Pelayan Bait Kudus Yerusalem: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{underconstruction}}[[FileBerkas:Sharif Hussein bin Ali's funeral in Jerusalem 1931.png|thumbjmpl|rightka|Pemakaman [[Sharif ofSyarif MeccaMekkah|Sharif]] [[Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Meccaal-Hashimi|Hussein]]'s funeraldi in JerusalemYerusalem onpada 4 JuneJuni 1931]]

[[FileBerkas:King Hussein flying over Temple Mount when it was under Jordanian control.jpg|thumbjmpl|rightka|[[Hussein ofdari JordanYordania|KingRaja Hussein]] flyingterbang overdi theatas [[DomeKubah of the RockBatu]] indi EastYerusalem JerusalemTimur while theketika [[WestTepi BankBarat]] wasmasih stilldi underbawah kendali [[JordanianAneksasi annexationTepi ofBarat theoleh West BankYordania|Jordanian controlYordania]], 1965]]

'''HashemitePenjagaan custodianshipBani ofHasyim Jerusalematas holysitus-situs sitessuci Yerusalem''' refersmengacu topada peran keluarga kerajaan [[JordanYordania]]'s royaldalam familymerawat rolesitus-situs in tendingsuci Muslim and Christian holy sitesdan inKristen thedi city ofkota [[JerusalemYerusalem]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/jordan%E2%80%99s-christians-throw-weight-behind-king%E2%80%99s-pro-jerusalem-push|title=Jordan’s Christians throw weight behind King’s pro-Jerusalem push|work=The Jordan Times|accessdate=18 January 2018|date=19 December 2017}}</ref> TheWarisan ini legacyditelusuri traceskembali backke totahun 1924 when theketika [[SupremeDewan Muslim CouncilTertinggi]], the highestbadan Muslim bodytertinggi inyang chargebertanggung ofjawab Muslimatas communityurusan affairskomunitas inMuslim di [[MandatoryMandat Palestina|Wilayah Mandat PalestinePalestina]], acceptedmenerima [[Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Meccaal-Hashimi|Hussein bin Ali]] ([[SharifSyarif ofMekkah|Syarif]] [[Banu Hasyim|Bani MeccaHasyim]]) asdari custodianMekah) sebagai ofpenjaga [[Al-Jami' Aqsa Compoundal-Aqsha|Al-Aqsa]]. ThePenjagaan custodianshipmenjadi becamewarisan aBani HashemiteHasyim legacyyang administereddilanjutkan byoleh consecutiveraja-raja JordanianYordania kingsberturut-turut.

Jordan controlleddi Eastbawah Jerusalemkekuasaan andAbdullah theI Westtelah Bankmenduduki inYerusalem 1948,Timur anddan annexedTepi theBarat territoriesselama in[[Perang 1951Arab-Israel until1948]] theydan weremenganeksasi lostwilayah toitu Israelpada duringtahun the 1967 [[Six-Day War]]1951. Jordan renouncedmenolak klaim claimsatas towilayah theitu territorypada intahun 1988, anddan signedmenandatangani "[[Israel–JordanPerjanjian peaceDamai treatyIsrael-Yordania|a peaceperjanjian treatydamai]]" withdengan Israel inpada tahun 1994,. whoseArtikel 9th articleke-9 statesmenyatakan thatbahwa Israel commitsberkomitmen tountuk "respectmenghormati theperan presentkhusus specialKerajaan roleBani ofHasyim theYordania Hashemitedi Kingdomtempat of Jordan insuci Muslim Holydi shrines in JerusalemYerusalem" and thatdan "whenketika negotiationsnantinya onnegosiasi the permanenttentang status will takepermanen placeberlangsung, Israel willakan givememberikan highprioritas prioritytinggi topada theperan Jordanianbersejarah historicYordania roledi intempat-tempat thesesuci shrines.ini". InPada 2013, anperjanjian agreement betweenantara Jordan and thedan [[PalestinianOtoritas AuthorityPalestina]] recognizedmengakui peran Jordan's role.

Masjid Al-Aqsa and thedan ''[[Kubah Shakhrah|Dome of the Rock]]'' weredirenovasi renovatedempat fourkali timesoleh bydinasti theBani HashemiteHasyim dynastyselama duringabad theke-20. 20thPada century. Intahun 2016, [[Abdullah II ofdari JordanYordania|KingRaja Abdullah II]] participatedberpartisipasi indalam fundingpendanaan renovation ofrenovasi [[ChristKristus|makam Kristus]]'s tomb in thedi [[ChurchGereja of the HolyMakam SepulchreSuci]], anddan inpada tahun 2017, Abdullah donatedmenyumbangkan $1.,4 millionjuta todolar theAS [[Jerusalemuntuk IslamicWakaf Waqf]]Islam Yerusalem, theotoritas Yordania yang Jordanianbertanggung authorityjawab responsibleuntuk formengelola administeringkompleks Al-Aqsa. AnSebuah independentlaporan reportindependen estimatesmemperkirakan thejumlah total amountyang thattelah thedihabiskan Hashemitesoleh haveBani spentHasyim sincesejak 1924 onuntuk administeringmengelola anddan renovatingmerenovasi Al -Aqsa asmencapai overlebih dari $1 billionmiliar dolar AS.<ref name="ttoi">{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/amid-temple-mount-tumult-the-who-what-and-why-of-its-waqf-rulers/|title=Amid Temple Mount tumult, the who, what and why of its Waqf rulers|publisher=The Times of Israel|accessdate=14 January 2018|date=20 July 2017|work=Dov Lieber}}</ref>

==History Sejarah ==

AmongDalam agama [[Sunni Muslims|Islam]], the [[TempleMasjidil Aqsa|Bukit MountKudus]] issecara widelyluas considereddianggap thesebagai [[HoliestTempat sitessuci indalam Sunni Islam|thirdsitus holiesttersuci siteketiga indalam Islam]]. ReveredDihormati assebagai thelokasi locationdi wheremana [[Muhammad]] ascendednaik toke heaven,surga thedalam site,rangka known''Isra'-Mi'raj'' asdan thejuga "Nobledikaitkan Sanctuary",dengan ispara alsonabi associatedYahudi withyang Jewishdihormati prophetsdalam whoagama are venerated in Muslim religionIslam. The [[Al-AqsaJami' Mosqueal-Aqsha|Masjid Al-Aqsa]] anddan [[DomeKubah of theShakhrah|Kubah RockBatu]] weredibangun constructeddi onatas thebukit mountkudus byoleh [[UmayyadKekhalifahan CaliphateUmayyah|UmayyadKhalifah CaliphsUmayyah]]. InPada tahun 692 ADM, thekubah dome was constructeddibangun, makingmenjadikannya itsalah onesatu ofmasjid theIslam oldesttertua Islamicyang shrinesada todi existbumi.<ref name="Faizer">{{cite web|url=http://us.geocities.com/rfaizer/reviews/book9.html|title=The Shape of the Holy: Early Islamic Jerusalem|author=Rizwi Faizer|year=1998|publisher=Rizwi's Bibliography for Medieval Islam|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020210164811/http://us.geocities.com/rfaizer/reviews/book9.html|archive-date=2002-02-10}}</ref>

TheWarisan legacyini tracesditelusuri backkembali toke tahun 1924 when theketika [[SupremeDewan Muslim CouncilTertinggi]], the highestbadan Muslim bodytertinggi inyang chargebertanggung ofjawab Muslimatas communityurusan affairskomunitas inMuslim di [[MandatoryMandat Palestina|Wilayah Mandat PalestinePalestina]], acceptedmenerima [[Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Meccaal-Hashimi|Hussein bin Ali]] ([[HashemiteSyarif Mekkah|Syarif]] [[SharifBanu ofHasyim|Bani MeccaHasyim]]) asdari custodianMekah) ofsebagai penjaga [[Al-Jami' Aqsa Compoundal-Aqsha|Al-Aqsa]]. TheBani HashemitesHasyim areadalah descendants ofketurunan Muhammad, whoyang ruledmemerintah overkota thesuci holyMekah city of Mecca forselama 700 yearstahun untilsampai they weremereka [[SaudiPenggulingan conquestHijaz ofoleh HejazWangsa Saud|ousteddigulingkan]] by theoleh [[House ofBani Saud]] inpada tahun 1924. ThePenjagaan custodianshipmenjadi becamewarisan aBani HashemiteHasyim legacyyang administereddilanjutkan byoleh consecutiveraja-raja JordanianYordania kingsberturut-turut. Sharif Hussein wasdimakamkan buriedpada intahun 1931 neardi thedekat masjid Al-Aqsa, mosque wheretempat hisdi funeralmana alsopemakamannya tookjuga placeberlangsung.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/kingdom-remembers-sharif-hussein-bin-ali|title=Kingdom remembers Sharif Hussein Bin Ali|accessdate=16 June 2018|work=The Jordan Times|date=3 June 2017}}</ref>

ThePutra sharif'sSang sonSyarif, [[Abdullah I ofdari JordanYordania|Abdullah I]] (the first King ofRaja [[Jordan]] pertama) isdikatakan saidsecara topribadi havememadamkan personallyapi extinguishedyang a fire which engulfed themelanda [[ChurchGereja ofMakam the Holy SepulchreSuci]] inpada tahun 1949.<ref name="ox08">{{cite book|last1=Cohen|first1=Raymond|title=Saving the Holy Sepulchre: How Rival Christians Came Together to Rescue Their Holiest Shrine|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=84|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T7KmnQ65XooC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA84#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=16 January 2018}}</ref> Jordan underdi bawah kekuasaan Abdullah I hadtelah occupiedmenduduki EastYerusalem JerusalemTimur anddan theTepi WestBarat Bank during theselama [[1948Perang Arab–IsraeliArab-Israel War1948]] anddan annexedmenganeksasi thewilayah itu territoriespada intahun 1951. Abdullah I wasdibunuh assassinatedsetahun akemudian yearketika laterdia asmemasuki hemasjid wasuntuk entering the mosque to prayberdoa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1951/jul/21/fromthearchive|title=Assassination of King Abdullah|accessdate=16 June 2018|date=21 July 1952|work=The Guardian}}</ref> KingRaja Hussein inpada tahun 1965 orderedmemerintahkan thepembangunan constructionsebuah ofistana adi palaceYerusalem inTimur Eastpada Jerusalem intahun 1965 tountuk symbolizemelambangkan Jordan'skedaulatan sovereigntyYordania. ItNamun waskemudian abandonedditinggalkan aftersetelah Jordan lostkehilangan controlkendali ofatas theTepi WestBarat Bankselama to[[Perang IsraelEnam duringHari|Perang theEnam Hari 1967 [[Six-Day War]], anddan theistana palacetetap remainstidak uncompletedselesai tosampai thishari dayini.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium.MAGAZINE-what-happened-to-jordan-s-dream-palace-in-jerusalem-1.5473364|title=How Six-Day War Left Hashemite House’s Dreams of Jerusalem Palace in Ruins|work=Haaretz|date=17 May 2017|accessdate=22 June 2018}}</ref>

Jordan renouncedmenolak claimsklaim toatas thewilayah territoryitu inpada tahun 1988, anddan signedmenandatangani "[[Israel–JordanPerjanjian peaceDamai treatyIsrael-Yordania|a peaceperjanjian treatydamai]]" withdengan Israel inpada tahun 1994,. whoseArtikel 9thke-9 articlemenyatakan states thatbahwa Israel commitsberkomitmen tountuk "respectmenghormati theperan presentkhusus specialKerajaan roleBani ofHasyim theYordania Hashemitedi Kingdomtempat of Jordan insuci Muslim Holydi shrines in JerusalemYerusalem" and thatdan "whenketika negotiationsnantinya onnegosiasi the permanenttentang status will takepermanen placeberlangsung, Israel willakan givememberikan highprioritas prioritytinggi topada theperan Jordanianbersejarah historicYordania roledi intempat-tempat thesesuci shrinesini". InPada 2013, an agreement wassebuah signedperjanjian betweenditandatangani theantara PalestinianOtoritas AuthorityPalestina (representeddiwakili byoleh [[Mahmoud Abbas]]) anddan [[Abdullah II of Jordan|KingRaja Abdullah II]] recognizingmengakui Jordan'speran roleJordan, replacingmenggantikan the decades-oldperjanjian verbal agreementyang telah berlangsung beberapa dekade.<ref name="dskaojc">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Article.aspx?id=212248|title=Jerusalem deal boosts Jordan in Holy City: analysts|work=AFP|publisher=The Daily Star|accessdate=22 February 2017|date=2 April 2013}}</ref>

JordanYordania recalledmemanggil itsduta ambassadorbesarnya tountuk Israel inpada 2014 followingsetelah tensionsketegangan atdi Masjid Al-Aqsa Mosqueantara betweenIsrael Israelisdan and PalestiniansPalestina. Abdullah metbertemu Israelidengan primeperdana ministermenteri Israel [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] indi Amman inpada lateakhir 2014, anddan theduta Jordanianbesar ambassadorYordania returnedkembali whenke IsraeliIsrael authoritiesketika easedotoritas restrictionsIsrael andmelonggarkan allowedpembatasan mendan mengizinkan orang-orang ofdari allsegala agesusia tountuk prayberdoa atdi Al-Aqsa foruntuk thepertama firstkalinya timedalam inbeberapa monthsbulan.<ref name="toifbj">{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/fearing-backlash-jordan-asserts-al-aqsa-custodianship/|title=Fearing backlash, Jordan asserts Al-Aqsa custodianship|accessdate=18 February 2017|date=16 November 2014|first=Mussa|last=Hattar|work=The Times of Israel}}</ref>

InPada tahun 2016, [[Abdullah II ofdari JordanYordania|KingRaja Abdullah II]] participatedberpartisipasi indalam fundingpendanaan renovation ofrenovasi [[ChristKristus|makam Kristus]]'s tomb in thedi [[ChurchGereja ofMakam the Holy SepulchreSuci]], anddan pada intahun 2017, Abdullah donatedmenyumbangkan $1.,4 millionjuta todolar theAS [[Jerusalemuntuk IslamicWakaf Waqf]]Islam Yerusalem, theotoritas JordanianYordania authorityyang responsiblebertanggung forjawab administeringuntuk mengelola kompleks Al-Aqsa. AnSebuah independentlaporan reportindependen estimatesmemperkirakan thejumlah total amountyang thattelah thedihabiskan Hashemitesoleh haveBani spentHasyim sincesejak 1924 onuntuk administeringmengelola anddan renovatingmerenovasi Al -Aqsa asmencapai overlebih dari $1 billionmiliar dolar AS.<ref name="ttoi"/> The[[Patriarki]] GreekOrtodoks OrthodoxYunani PatriarchYerusalem ofmengomentari Jerusalemsumbangan commentingRaja onuntuk therenovasi King's donation to the renovation of the ChurchGereja: "Jordan’sPeran roleJordan indalam protectingmelindungi Christiankeberadaan existenceKristen indi theTanah HolySuci Landjelas isdan cleartidak anddapat undeniabledisangkal, KingRaja Abdullah spearheadsmempelopori theupaya effortssemua ofwarga allYordania Jordaniansuntuk tomenabur sowbenih thecinta seedsdan ofpersaudaraan loveantara andMuslim brotherhooddan between Muslims and ChristiansKristen. We are reaping the fruitsKami ofmenuai thesebuah effortsdari inupaya thisini agedi whenzaman sectarianketika warsperang aresektarian burningmembakar entireseluruh countriesnegara asseperti canyang plainlyterlihat besaat seenini."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2016/04/11/vaticaninsider/eng/world-news/king-abdullah-ii-of-jordan-funds-holy-sepulchre-restoration-work-NalrFqTHDnrSKv62cJWIsM/pagina.html|title=King Abdullah II of Jordan funds Holy Sepulchre restoration work|accessdate=20 January 2018|date=11 April 2016|work=Vacitan Insider}}</ref>

OnPada 24 July,Juli following2017, thesetelah [[2017Krisis TempleKompleks al-Haram 2017|Konflik MountBukit crisisKudus]], Israel agreedsetuju tountuk removemenghapus metaldetektor detectorslogam fromdari Al-Aqsa aftersetelah Abdullah phonedmenelepon Netanyahu. HoweverNamun, ittidak isjelas unclear ifapakah Jordan influencedmemengaruhi Israel'skeputusan decisionIsrael.<ref name="nyt">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/24/world/middleeast/israel-jordan-aqsa-temple-mount-violence.html|title=Israel Agrees to Remove Metal Detectors at Entrances to Aqsa Mosque Compound|work=The New York Times|date=24 July 2017|accessdate=4 September 2017}}</ref>

LeadersPara ofpemimpin theGereja ChurchMakam ofSuci themengeluarkan Holypernyataan Sepulchredukungan issued a statement of support tokepada Abdullah onpada 1 MarchMaret 2018 aftersetelah Israel shelvedmembatalkan arancangan proposedundang-undang billyang thatbertujuan aimeduntuk tomengusulkan proposelangkah-langkah newpajak taxbaru measuresuntuk togereja-gereja churchesdi inTepi the West BankBarat. "YourPembelaan defenceAnda ofakan religiouskebebasan freedomberagama anddan Yourkepemimpinan leadershipAnda, indalam ensuringmemastikan that thebahwa Status Quo isdihormati respecteddan and maintaineddipertahankan, hassangat beenpenting crucialdalam inupaya ourberkelanjutan ongoingkami attemptsuntuk tomenjaga guarddan andmelindungi protectkehadiran theKristen Christiankhususnya presencedi especiallyKota inSuci the Holy City of JerusalemYerusalem", the statementujar readmereka.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/mena/jerusalem-church-leaders-thank-jordan-s-king-abdullah-for-support-during-israel-tax-protest-1.709421|title=Jerusalem Church leaders thank Jordan’s King Abdullah for support during Israel tax protest|accessdate=5 March 2018|date=1 March 2018|work=The National}}</ref>

==Recognition Pengakuan ==

[[Israel]], the [[PalestinianOtoritas AuthorityPalestina]], the [[Liga Arab League]], [[UnitedAmerika StatesSerikat]], [[EuropeanUni UnionEropa]], anddan [[TurkeyTurki]] recognizemengakui peran [[Jordan]]'s role.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/arab-league-values-jordan%E2%80%99s-pro-jerusalem-efforts|title=Arab League values Jordan’s pro-Jerusalem efforts|work=The Jordan Times|accessdate=4 September 2017|date=27 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/erdogan-reaffirms-jordan%E2%80%99s-protection-jerusalem%E2%80%99s-islamic-awqaf|title=Erdogan reaffirms Jordan’s protection of Jerusalem’s Islamic Awqaf|work=The Jordan Times|accessdate=4 September 2017|date=10 May 2017}}</ref>

InPada Decemberbulan Desember 2017, [[Federica Mogherini]], theKepala Urusan European[[Kebijakan Unionluar foreignnegeri|Kebijakan policyLuar chiefNegeri]] saidUni thatEropa "Jordanmengatakan hasbahwa a"Yordania verymemiliki specialperan role,yang whensangat itistimewa comesketika todatang theke holytempat-tempat places,suci. HisYang Majesty,Mulia theRaja King of JordanYordania [Abdullah II], is the custodian ofadalah thepenjaga holytempat-tempat placessuci anddan hedia isadalah aorang veryyang wisesangat manbijak."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/we-should-listen-wisdom-king-abdullah-%E2%80%94-mogherini|title=We should listen to the wisdom of King Abdullah — Mogherini|publisher=The Jordan Times|accessdate=28 December 2017|date=8 December 2017}}</ref>

==References Referensi ==

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