Akhir Mandat Britania untuk Palestina: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{short description|Conclusion of responsibility for administration}}

 

== Latar Belakang ==

[[Buku Putih 1939]] mengatur pembentukan negara Palestina merdeka dalam waktu 10 tahun.<ref name="Cohen2009">{{cite journal |last1=Cohen |first1=Michael J. |title=Appeasement in the Middle East: the British White Paper on Palestine |journal=The Historical Journal |volume=16 |issue=3 |year=2009 |pages=571–596 |issn=0018-246X |doi=10.1017/S0018246X00002958|s2cid=159561563 }}</ref> Seperti yang dijelaskan oleh [[Malcolm MacDonald]] pada pertemuan [[Komisi Mandat Permanen]] tahun 1939, pada saat itu belum jelas bentuk negara seperti apa yang akan diambil.<ref name = 39review>{{Cite web|url=http://ismi.emory.edu/home/resources/primary-source-docs/1939minutes.pdf|title="Minutes of the Thirty-Sixth Session Held at Geneva from June 8th to 29th, 1939"}}</ref>{{efn|group=qt|As I say, it would be premature now to attempt even to sketch the constitutional provisions which would be most appropriate to secure "the essential interests" of the Arabs and the Jews. It may be that the State should be formed on a unitary basis; it may be that it should be a federal state. It may be that the best arrangement would be to establish a predominantly Arab province or provinces, and a predominantly Jewish province or provinces, and to give to each of these political units a large measure of local autonomy under a central government dealing with matters of common concern between them. What is essential is that each people, both the Arabs and the Jews, should be free to live its own life according to its own traditions and beliefs and genius.}}

 

 

Pada bulan Juli 1945, [[Laporan Harrison]] diterbitkan,<ref>Penkower, Monty Noam. "[http://americanjewisharchives.org/publications/journal/PDF/2016_68_01_00_penkower.pdf The Earl Laporan Harrison: Kejadiannya dan Signifikansinya]". [[Pusat Arsip Yahudi Amerika Jacob Rader Marcus|Jurnal Arsip Yahudi Amerika]], 68, no.1 (2016): 1–75</ref>{{efn|group=qt|Penkower, 2016, pages 56–58: "The official British response could be foretold. Truman's 24 July request of Churchill had already set Near East specialist Beeley's teeth on edge, indicating to him that the Zionists had been "deploringly successful in selling the idea" that, even after Allied victory, immigration to Palestine represented for many Jews "their only hope for survival." Wishing to avoid a postwar influx of Jews into Palestine, the Foreign Office's Refugee Department had expressed the fear in March 1944 that British trials of Germans on charges of crimes against humanity committed against Jews would convince survivors not to return to their native countries after the war. Whitehall's expert on refugees, Ian Henderson, was convinced that the Zionists were behind Harrison's recommendations. British military authorities in Germany rejected Harrison's criticism, claiming that Jews were being treated exactly like all other displaced persons... In Bevin's mind, Harrison's report was "not based on real investigation." Bevin told Weizmann that Truman was merely trying to gain votes by his stance; the United States had to take its share of those Jews who must be removed from Europe."}} menggambarkan kondisi [[Kamp pengungsi di pasca Perang Dunia II Eropa|kamp pengungsi di Eropa pasca-Perang Dunia II]].

 

 

 

 

 

 

"His Majesty's Government have been faced with an irreconcilable conflict of principles. There are in Palestine about 1,200,000 Arabs and 600,000 Jews. For the Jews the essential point of principle is the creation of a sovereign Jewish State. For the Arabs, the essential point of principle is to resist to the last establishment of Jewish sovereignty in any part of Palestine. The discussions of the last month have quite clearly shown that there is no prospect of resolving this conflict by any settlement negotiated between the parties. But if the conflict has to be resolved by an arbitrary decision, that is not a decision which His Majesty's Government are empowered, as Mandatory, to take. His Majesty's Government have of themselves no power, under the terms of the Mandate, to award the country either to the Arabs or to the Jews, or even to partition it between them."}}

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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