Siklosporin: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox drug
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 459588806
| image = Ciclosporin.svg
| width = 250
| alt =
| image2 = Ciclosporin-A-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png
| width2 = 250
| alt2 =
| caption =
| USAN = cyclosporine
<!-- Clinical data -->
| pronounce = {{IPAc-en|ˌ|s|aɪ|k|l|ə|ˈ|s|p|ɔr|ɪ|n}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cyclosporin|title=cyclosporin|work=Dictionary.com Unabridged|publisher=[[Random House]]|date=n.d.|access-date=13 July 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118062350/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cyclosporin|archive-date=18 November 2010}}</ref>
| tradename = Sandimmun, dll
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|cyclosporine}}
| MedlinePlus = a601207
| DailyMedID = Cyclosporine
| pregnancy_AU = C
| pregnancy_AU_comment =
| pregnancy_category =
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral (rute pemberian obat)|Oral]], [[Infus|intravena]] (IV), tetes mata
| class = [[Calcineurin inhibitor]]
| ATC_prefix = L04
| ATC_suffix = AD01
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|S01|XA18}}
<!-- Legal status -->
| legal_AU = S4
| legal_AU_comment =
| legal_BR = <!-- OTC, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D1, D2, E, F -->
| legal_BR_comment =
| legal_CA = Rx-only
| legal_CA_comment = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?lang=en&linkID=RDS00456 | title=Regulatory Decision Summary for Restasis Multidose | website=Drug and Health Product Register | date=23 October 2014 | access-date=7 June 2022 | archive-date=7 June 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607082031/https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?lang=en&linkID=RDS00456 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?lang=en&linkID=RDS00501 | title=Regulatory Decision Summary for Verkazia | website=Drug and Health Product Register | date=23 October 2014 | access-date=7 June 2022 | archive-date=7 June 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607082151/https://hpr-rps.hres.ca/reg-content/regulatory-decision-summary-detail.php?lang=en&linkID=RDS00501 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Health product highlights 2021: Annexes of products approved in 2021 | website=[[Health Canada]] | date=3 August 2022 | url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/drugs-health-products/health-product-highlights-2021/appendices.html | access-date=25 March 2024}}</ref>
| legal_DE = <!-- Anlage I, II, III or Unscheduled -->
| legal_DE_comment =
| legal_NZ = <!-- Class A, B, C -->
| legal_NZ_comment =
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_UK_comment =
| legal_US = Rx-only
| legal_US_comment = <ref name="Neoral FDA label" /><ref name="Sandimmune FDA label" /><ref name="Restasis FDA label" /><ref name="Vevye FDA label">{{cite web | title=Vevye- cyclosporine ophthalmic solution solution/ drops | website=DailyMed | date=26 May 2023 | url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d5b74d85-86ae-41aa-8733-077f6d2779dd | access-date=29 August 2023 | archive-date=29 August 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829052022/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d5b74d85-86ae-41aa-8733-077f6d2779dd | url-status=live }}</ref>
| legal_EU = Rx-only
| legal_EU_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Ikervis | website=European Medicines Agency | date=17 September 2018 | url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/ikervis | access-date=27 February 2023 | archive-date=13 August 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813012529/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/ikervis | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Vevizye EPAR" /><ref>{{cite web | title=Vevizye PI | website=Union Register of medicinal products | date=23 September 2024 | url=https://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/html/h1857.htm | access-date=27 September 2024}}</ref>
| legal_UN = <!-- N I, II, III, IV / P I, II, III, IV -->
| legal_UN_comment =
| legal_status = Rx-only
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = variabel
| protein_bound =
| metabolism = [[CYP3A4]] [[hati]]
| metabolites =
| onset =
| elimination_half-life = variabel (sekitar 24 jam)
| duration_of_action =
| excretion = [[Saluran empedu]]
<!-- Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 59865-13-3
| CAS_supplemental =
| PubChem = 5284373
| IUPHAR_ligand = 1024
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|changed|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00091
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 4447449
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 83HN0GTJ6D
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00184
| ChEBI_Ref =
| ChEBI = 4031
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 160
| NIAID_ChemDB =
| PDB_ligand = PRD_000142
| synonyms = Siklosporin A (CsA)<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Laupacis A, Keown PA, Ulan RA, McKenzie N, Stiller CR | title = Cyclosporin A: a powerful immunosuppressant | journal = Canadian Medical Association Journal | volume = 126 | issue = 9 | pages = 1041–6 | date = May 1982 | pmid = 7074504 | pmc = 1863293 }}</ref>
<!-- Chemical and physical data -->
| IUPAC_name = (3''S'',6''S'',9''S'',12''R'',15''S'',18''S'',21''S'',24''S'',30''S'',33''S'')-30-Etil-33-[(1''R'',2''R'',4''E'')-1-hidroksi-2-metil-4-heksen-1-il]-6,9,18,24-tetraisobutil-3,21-diisopropil-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonametil-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undekaazasiklotritriakontana-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32-undekona
| C = 62
| H = 111
| N = 11
| O = 12
| SMILES = CC[C@H]1C(=O)N(CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N1)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C/C=C/C)O)C)C(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C(C)C)CC(C)C)C)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C62H111N11O12/c1-25-27-28-40(15)52(75)51-56(79)65-43(26-2)58(81)67(18)33-48(74)68(19)44(29-34(3)4)55(78)66-49(38(11)12)61(84)69(20)45(30-35(5)6)54(77)63-41(16)53(76)64-42(17)57(80)70(21)46(31-36(7)8)59(82)71(22)47(32-37(9)10)60(83)72(23)50(39(13)14)62(85)73(51)24/h25,27,34-47,49-52,75H,26,28-33H2,1-24H3,(H,63,77)(H,64,76)(H,65,79)(H,66,78)/b27-25+/t40-,41+,42-,43+,44+,45+,46+,47+,49+,50+,51+,52-/m1/s1
| StdInChI_comment =
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N
| density =
| density_notes =
| melting_point =
| melting_high =
| melting_notes =
| boiling_point =
| boiling_notes =
| solubility =
| sol_units =
| specific_rotation =
}}
'''Siklosporin''' ({{lang-en|ciclosporin}}) merupakan [[senyawa organik]] penghambat kalsineurin dengan sifat [[Obat imunosupresif|imunosupresif]], yang digunakan secara oral atau [[Infus|intravena]] untuk [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[psoriasis]], [[penyakit Crohn]], [[sindrom nefrotik]], [[Dermatitis|eksim]], dan [[transplantasi organ]] untuk mencegah [[penolakan transplantasi]].<ref name=WHO2008>{{cite book | title = WHO Model Formulary 2008 | url = https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse | year = 2009 | isbn = 9789241547659 | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | veditors = Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR | hdl = 10665/44053 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | hdl-access=free | page = [https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse/page/221 221] }}</ref><ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web|title=Cyclosporine|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/cyclosporine.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017140204/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/cyclosporine.html|archive-date=17 October 2016}}</ref> Obat ini juga digunakan sebagai obat [[tetes mata]] untuk [[Xeroftalmia]].<ref name=AHFS2016B>{{cite web | title = Cyclosporine eent | url = https://www.drugs.com/monograph/cyclosporine-eent.html | publisher = The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists | access-date = 8 December 2016 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160113234854/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/cyclosporine-eent.html | archive-date = 13 January 2016 }}</ref>
== Referensi ==
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