Harper (penerbit): Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Infobox publisher|name=Harper Books|distribution=|nasdaq=|numemployees=|revenue=|imprints=|genre=|topics=|publications=|keypeople=|headquarters=New York|image=Harper and Brothers publisher mark 1895.jpg|country=|successor=|founder=[[James Harper (publisher)|James Harper]] <br /> John Harper|founded={{start date and age|1817|3|6}} (as J. & J. Harper)|status=|owner=[[News Corp]]|parent=[[HarperCollins]]|caption=|url=}}'''Harper''' adalah penerbitan Amerika, yang merupakan andalan dari penerbit global [[HarperCollins]] yang berbasis di [[Kota New York]].

George B. M. Harvey menjadi presiden Harper's pada 16 November 1899.<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 November 1899|title=HARPER & BROS. REORGANIZE.; G.B.M. Harvey, Editor and Proprietor of The North American Review, Elected President of the Firm.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1899/11/17/archives/harper-bros-reorganize-gbm-harvey-editor-and-proprietor-of-the.html|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=26 Agustus 2016|archive-date=2023-08-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230813132847/https://www.nytimes.com/1899/11/17/archives/harper-bros-reorganize-gbm-harvey-editor-and-proprietor-of-the.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Di tahun 1924, Cass Canfield bergabung dengan Harper & Brothers dan memegang berbagai jabatan eksekutif sampai kematiannya di tahun 1986.<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 Maret 1986|title=CASS CANFIELD, A TITAN OF PUBLISHING, IS DEAD AT 88|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/28/obituaries/cass-canfield-a-titan-of-publishing-is-dead-at-88.html|website=The New York Times|access-date=26 Agustus 2016|archive-date=2023-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528123940/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/28/obituaries/cass-canfield-a-titan-of-publishing-is-dead-at-88.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada tahun 1925, Eugene F. Saxton bergabung dengan perusahaan ini sebagai redaksi, dan dia bertanggung jawab untuk penerbitan banyak pengarang terkenal, termasuk Edna St. Vincent Millay dan [[Thornton Niven Wilder|Thornton Wilder]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The New York Times: Sunday June 27, 1943|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1943/06/27/85107789.html?pageNumber=32|website=The New York Times|access-date=26 Agustus 2016}}</ref> Di tahun 1935, Edward Aswell pindah ke Harper & Brothers sebagai asisten redaktur buku-buku umum dan akhirnya menjadi pimpinan redaktur. Aswell membujuk Thomas Wolfe untuk meninggalkan [[Charles Scribner's Sons|Scribner's]], dan, setelah kematian Wolfe, menyunting novel-novel anumerta ''The Web and the Rock'', ''You Can't Go Home Again'', dan ''The Hills Beyond''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The New York Times: Thursday November 6, 1958|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1958/11/06/83421786.html?pageNumber=37|website=The New York Times|access-date=26 Agustus 2016|archive-date=2023-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816140835/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1958/11/06/83421786.html?pageNumber=37|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Di tahun 1962 Harper & Brothers bergabung dengan Row, Peterson &amp;amp; Company menjadi Harper & Row. Penerbitan Harper yang berhubungan dengan agama berpindah ke San Francisco dan menjadi Harper San Francisco (sekarang HarperOne) di tahun 1977. Harper & Row mengakuisisi Thomas Y. Crowell Co. dan [[J. B. Lippincott & Co.]] dalam dasawarsa 1970an; Crowell dan operasi perdagangan Lippincott digabungkan ke dalam Harper & Row di tahun 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mitgang|first=Herbert|date=27 Maret 1980|title=Harper Absorbs Lippincott & Crowell|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/03/27/archives/harper-absorbs-lippincott-crowell-some-will-join-harper-three-new.html|publisher=Select.nytimes.com|access-date=28 April 2013|archive-date=2023-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528084439/https://www.nytimes.com/1980/03/27/archives/harper-absorbs-lippincott-crowell-some-will-join-harper-three-new.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pada tahun 1988, Harper & Row membeli penerbitan relijius [[Zondervan]], termasuk anak perusahaannya Marshall Pickering.<ref>{{Cite news|last=McDowell|first=Edwin|date=14 Juli 1988|title=Harper & Row to Acquire Religious Books Publisher|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/14/business/the-media-business-harper-row-to-acquire-religious-books-publisher.html|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=20 Januari 2018|archive-date=2023-05-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528083233/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/07/14/business/the-media-business-harper-row-to-acquire-religious-books-publisher.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

[[News Corporation (1980-2013)|News Corporation]] milik [[Rupert Murdoch]] (sekarang News Corp) mengakuisisi Harper & Row di tahun 1987, dan [[William Collins, Sons]] di tahun 1990. Nama kedua rumah penerbitan nasional ini (Harper & Row di [[Amerika Serikat]] dan Collins di Britania Raya) dikombinasikan (bersama dengan ikon obor Harper dan ikon air mancur Collins) untuk menciptakan [[HarperCollins]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Cohen|first=Roger|date=11 Juni 1990|title=Birth of a Global Book Giant|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/11/business/the-media-business-birth-of-a-global-book-giant.html|work=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=26 November 2019|archive-date=2018-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709162556/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/11/business/the-media-business-birth-of-a-global-book-giant.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Sejak saat itu perusahaan ini telah memperluas jangkauan internasionalnya dengan mengakuisisi penerbit-penerbit yang semula mandiri. Jejak Harper mulai digunakan menggantikan HarperCollins di tahun 2007.

* [[Harper Lee]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/04/books/harper-lee-author-of-to-kill-a-mockingbird-is-to-publish-a-new-novel.html |title=Harper Lee, Author of 'To Kill a Mockingbird,' Is to Publish a Second Novel |date=4 February 2015 |work=The New York Times |access-date=26 August 2016 |archive-date=2023-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705221349/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/04/books/harper-lee-author-of-to-kill-a-mockingbird-is-to-publish-a-new-novel.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* [[Howard Pyle]]<ref>{{cite news |last=<!--no byline--> |work=The Weekly Wisconsin |page=6 |title=Men Who Make Pictures |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4974203/the_weekly_wisconsin/ |date=26 August 1885 |via=Newspapers.com |quote=Howard Pyle works almost exclusively for the Harpers. |access-date=2022-03-15 |archive-date=2019-04-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414063225/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4974203/the_weekly_wisconsin/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

* Barnes, James J. "Edward Lytton Bulwer and the Publishing Firm of Harper & Brothers". ''American Literature'' (1966): 35–48. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2923628 in JSTOR] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426150104/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2923628 |date=2023-04-26 }}

* D'Amato, Martina. [http://visualizingnyc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Harper_DAmato.pdf "'The Harper Establishment'; or, How a New York Publishing Giant Was Made".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528084446/https://visualizingnyc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Harper_DAmato.pdf |date=2023-05-28 }}

* {{Citation|last=J. Henry Harper|title=The House of Harper: a century of publishing in Franklin Square|publisher=Harper|place=New York|date=1912|ol=7136715M}} 

* Mellman, John A. (2017), [http://www.publishinghistory.com/harper-torchbooks-history-and-assessment.html "The Harper Torchbooks Series: A History and Personal Assessment"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529012657/https://www.publishinghistory.com/harper-torchbooks-history-and-assessment.html |date=2023-05-29 }}, publishinghistory.com.

* [http://www.harpercollins.com/imprints/index.aspx?imprintid=517981 Official website (US)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423212031/http://www.harpercollins.com/imprints/index.aspx?imprintid=517981 |date=2014-04-23 }}

* [http://www.harpercollins.co.uk/about-harpercollins/Imprints/harper/Pages/harper.aspx Official website (UK)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120729020723/http://www.harpercollins.co.uk/about-harpercollins/Imprints/harper/Pages/harper.aspx |date=2012-07-29 }}

* Temukan bantuan pada [https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4079530 Harper & Brothers records] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604194043/https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4079530 |date=2023-06-04 }} dan [https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4078866 Harper & Row Publishers records] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528083233/https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4078866 |date=2023-05-28 }} di [[Universitas Columbia]]. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.