Pearson plc: Perbedaan antara revisi

Perusahaan ini memulai sejarahnya sebagai sebuah perusahaan konstruksi pada dekade 1840-an, dan kemudian beralih ke bisnis penerbitan pada dekade 1920-an.<ref name="s">[[J. A. Spender|Spender, J. A.]], ''Weetman Pearson: First Viscount Cowdray'' (London: [[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell and Company Limited]], 1930).</ref> Perusahaan ini merupakan perusahaan pendidikan terbesar di dunia dan pernah menjadi penerbit buku terbesar di dunia.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/international/international-book-news/article/74505-the-world-s-50-largest-publishers-2017.html |title=The World's 54 Largest Publishers, 2017 |journal=Publisher's Weekly |date=2017-08-25 |access-date=2017-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE64314020100504 |title=Private equity to buy Pearson's IDC for $3.4&nbsp;billion |access-date=18 August 2010 |work=Reuters |date=4 May 2010 }}</ref> Pada tahun 2013, perusahaan ini menggabungkan [[Penguin Books]] miliknya dengan [[Bertelsmann]] asal [[Jerman]]. Pada tahun 2015, perusahaan ini mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan fokus pada bisnis pendidikan. Pearson plc pun memiliki salah satu [[dewan pengujian di Britania Raya|dewan pengujian]] GCSE untuk [[Britania Raya]], yakni [[Edexcel]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://qualifications.pearson.com/en/qualifications/edexcel-gcses.html|title=Edexcel GCSEs &#124; Pearson qualifications|website=qualifications.pearson.com}}</ref> Pearson melantai di [[Bursa Saham London]] dan merupakan salah satu komponen dari [[Indeks FTSE 100]]. Perusahaan ini juga melantai di [[New York Stock Exchange]] dalam bentuk [[American depository receipt]].

Selama dekade 1990-an, Pearson mengakuisisi sejumlah aset penyiaran dan produksi televisi (termasuk bekas pewaralaba [[ITV (jaringan TV)|ITV]], [[Thames Television]]) dan menjual sebagian besar aset non-media miliknya, di bawah kepemimpinan [[Bob Turner (politisi Amerika)|Bob Turner]]. Westminster Press pun dijual ke [[Newsquest]] pada tahun 1996.<ref>{{cite news | title = Pearson Sees Profits Fall 40 Percent, Selling Westminster Press Unit |agency = Associated Press | access-date = 23 August 2014 | url = http://www.apnewsarchive.com/1996/Pearson-Sees-Profits-Fall-40-Percent-Selling-Westminster-Press-Unit/id-33080e847a4d32a788a4e5c48b5f9d69 }}</ref> Pada tahun 1996, Pearson mengakuisisi divisi pendidikan dari [[HarperCollins]] milik [[News Corporation (1980–2013)|News Corporation]]<ref>{{Cite news | issn = 0362-4331 | last = Gilpin | first = Kenneth N. | title = Pearson to Buy a Publisher From News Corp. | work = The New York Times | access-date = 23 August 2014 | date = 10 February 1996 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/10/business/pearson-to-buy-a-publisher-from-news-corp.html }}</ref> dan mengakuisisi [[Scott Foresman|Scott Foresman & Co.]].<ref>{{cite news|author=By GERALDINE FABRIKANT WITH ALLEN R. MYERSONMAY 18, 1998 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/18/business/simon-schuster-in-sale-to-british.html |title=Simon & Schuster In Sale To British – The New York Times |work=Nytimes.com |date=1998-05-18 |access-date=2016-12-21}}</ref> Pada tahun 1998, Pearson mengakuisisi [[Simon & Schuster|Prentice Hall Textbooks/Simon & Schuster Trade Books]] milik Viacom dan menggabungkannya dengan [[Addison-Wesley]] Longman untuk membentuk [[Pearson Education]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_1998_May_18/ai_n27530651 |title=Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst to acquire Simon & Schuster's Reference, Business and Professional Divisions |publisher=Findarticles.com |date=18 May 1998 |access-date=18 April 2011}}</ref> Pearson kemudian menjual sejumlah divisinya, antara lain Appleton & Lange yang dijual ke [[McGraw-Hill Education|McGraw-Hill]] dan Master Data Central yang dijual ke [[Master Data Center]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Pearson Sells Two Former S&S Units| access-date = 2019-10-15| url = https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/19990524/32256-pearson-sells-two-former-s-amp-s-units.html}}</ref> Kemudian, Jossey-Bass dijual ke [[John Wiley & Sons]] dan Bureau of Business Practice dijual ke [[Wolters Kluwer]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Wiley, Kluwer Acquire Two Pearson Units| work = PublishersWeekly.com| access-date = 2019-10-15| url = https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/19990531/35347-wiley-kluwer-acquire-two-pearson-units.html}}</ref> Lebih lanjut, [[imprint (nama dagang)|imprint]] anak-anak dari Macmillan Library Reference (Silver Burdett Press, Dillon Press, Crestwood House, Silver Press, New Discovery, dan [[Julian Messner]]) ditutup.<ref>{{cite web| title = Six Macmillan Library Kids Imprints Closed| work = PublishersWeekly.com| access-date = 2019-10-15| url = https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/19990531/40646-six-macmillan-library-kids-imprints-closed.html}}</ref> Kemudian, [[Gale (penerbit)|Gale]] mengakuisisi Macmillan Library Reference ([[Charles Scribner's Sons]] Reference, Macmillan Reference, Thorndike Press, G.K. Hall, Twayne Publishers, dan Schirmer Books).<ref>{{cite web| title = Macmillan Library Units to Join Gale| work = PublishersWeekly.com| access-date = 2019-10-15| url = https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/19990628/34076-macmillan-library-units-to-join-gale.html}}</ref> Terakhir, [[International Data Group]] mengakuisisi Macmillan General Reference ([[Frommer's]], J.K. Lasser, [[Betty Crocker]] Cookbooks, [[WW International|Weight Watchers]] Dieting and Cookbooks, dan Howell House Pet Books).<ref>{{cite web| title = IDG Books Buys Macmillan General Reference| work = PublishersWeekly.com| access-date = 2019-10-15| url = https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/19990705/24783-idg-books-buys-macmillan-general-reference.html}}</ref>

Pada bulan Maret 2000, Pearson mengakuisisi [[Dorling Kindersley]], sebuah penerbit [[karya referensi]] berilustrasi, dan kemudian mengintegrasikannya dengan Penguin.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/696695.stm|title=Pearson buys Dorling Kindersley|work=BBC News|date=31 March 2000|access-date=29 December 2012}}</ref> Pada bulan September 2000, perusahaan ini mengakuisisi National Computer Systems (NCS), sehingga perusahaan ini mulai menyediakan jasa asesmen pendidikan dan manajemen sekolah di [[Amerika Serikat]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Business-international/Pearson-to-acquire-NCS-for-$25-billion-Move-will-create-worlds-top-education-firm.html |title=Pearson buys NCS |publisher=Faqs.org |access-date=18 April 2011}}</ref>