Nikkō, Tochigi: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(7 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{About|Kota Nikkō|penggunaan lain dari nama "Nikkō" dan "Nikko"|Nikko}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = {{Raise|0.2em|Nikkō}}
| native_name = {{Lower|0.1em|{{Nobold|{{Lang|ja|日光市}}}}}}
| settlement_type = [[Kota (di Jepang)|Kota]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
| image_skyline = Nikko-city-office.JPG{{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 270
| perrow = 1/2/2
| image1 = NikkoYomeimon5005.jpg
| image2 = Kegon Taki.jpg
| image3 = Kinugawa Onsen.jpg
| image4 = Mount nantai and lake chuzenji.jpg
| image5 = Ashio Seirenjo.jpg
}}
| image_size = 271px
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Dari kiri ke kanan, atas ke bawah :<br>[[:jp:日光東照宮|Nikkō Tōshō-gū]]<br>[[Air terjun Kegon]], [[:jp:鬼怒川温泉|Kinugawa Onsen]],<br>[[:jp:中禅寺湖|Danau Chūzenji]] dan [[Gunung Nantai]],<br>serta [[:jp:足尾銅山|Tambang tembaga Ashio]]
| image_flag = Flag of Nikko, Tochigi.svg
| image_sealflag_alt = Symbol of Nikko,= Tochigi.svg
| image_seal = Emblem of Nikkō, Tochigi.svg
| seal_type = Emblem
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| image_blank_emblem =
| nickname =
| motto =
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| image_map = Nikko in Tochigi Prefecture Ja.svg
| mapsizemap_alt = 271px
| map_caption = Lokasi Nikkō di [[Prefektur Tochigi]]
| pushpin_map = Jepang
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Lokasi di Jepang
| coordinates = {{coord|36|43|11|N|139|41|53|E|region:JP-07|display=it}}
| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location -->
| subdivision_type = [[Daftar negara berdaulat|Negara]]
Baris 19 ⟶ 46:
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefektur di Jepang|Prefektur]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{Flag|Tochigi}}
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| leader_title = Wali kota
| leader_name leader_party = Kazuo Ōshima
| leader_title = Walikota
| leader_name = Shōichi Konakawa
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 -->
<!-- area -->
| area_total_km2 = 1449.,83
<!-- population -->
| population_total = 8023972.922
| population_as_of = 21 DesemberSeptember 20202024
| population_density_km2 = auto50,30
<!-- time zone(s) -->
| timezone1 = [[Waktu Standar Jepang|JST]]
| utc_offset1 = +09:00
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
| postal_code_type = Kode posNomor&nbsp;telepon
| postal_code = 3210288-129222-1111
| area_code_type = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code =
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1 = Alamat balai kota
| blank_name_sec2 = Nomor&nbsp;telepon
| blank_info_sec1 = 1 Imaichi Honchō, Nikkō-shi, Tochigi-ken<br />321-1292
| blank_info_sec2 = 0288-22-1111
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
| blank1_name_sec2 = Alamat
| blank_name_sec2 = Lambang
| blank1_info_sec2 = 1 Imaichi Honchō,<br>Nikkō-shi, Tochigi-ken
| blank_info_sec2 = <br>
| blank1_name_sec2 = &nbsp;•&nbsp;Pohon
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Maple]]<br>Japanese white birch {{small|''(Betula platyphylla)''}}
| blank2_name_sec2 = &nbsp;•&nbsp;Bunga
| blank2_info_sec2 = Nikkōkisuge {{small|''(Hemerocallis dumortieri ''var.'' esculenta)''}}<br>Yashio-tsutsuji {{small|''(Rhododendron pentaphyllum var. nikoense)''}}
| blank3_name_sec2 = &nbsp;•&nbsp;Burung
| blank3_info_sec2 = [[Raja-udang eurasia]]<br>Japanese bush warbler {{small|''(Horornis diphone)''}}
| blank4_name_sec2 = &nbsp;•&nbsp;Ikan
| blank4_info_sec2 = Himemasu {{small|''(Oncorhynchus nerka)''}}<br>[[Lafasah|Iwana]]
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = {{OfficialURL|1=https://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/}}
| footnotes =
}}
[[Berkas:Nikko City Hall Main Building 1.jpg|thumb|right|270px|Balai Kota Nikkō]]
[[Berkas:NikkoShinkyo5593.jpg|thumb|right|270px|Jembatan Shinkyō]]
[[Berkas:JRE Nikko-STA.jpg|thumb|right|270px|[[Stasiun Nikkō]]]]
 
{{Nihongo|'''Nikkō'''|日光市|Nikkō-shi|{{IPA|ja|ɲikkoꜜːɕi|IPA}}}} adalah sebuah [[kota di Jepang|kota]] yang terletak di [[Prefektur Tochigi]], [[Jepang]]. Per 1 September 2024, kota ini memiliki estimasi [[jumlah penduduk]] sebesar 72.922 jiwa dan [[kepadatan penduduk]] sebesar 50,30 orang per km<sup>2</sup>, yang terbagi dalam 32.384 [[Kepala keluarga|KK]].<ref name="Nikkō">{{cite web|url=https://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/city_nikko/tokei/6072.html|title= Nikkō City official statistics |location=Kota Nikkō|date=1 September 2024|language=ja|access-date=5 Desember 2024}}</ref> Kota ini memiliki luas wilayah sebesar {{convert|1449,83|km2|sqmi}}.
{{Nihongo|'''Nikkō'''|日光市|Nikkō-shi}} adalah sebuah [[Kota (Jepang)|kota]] yang terletak di [[Prefektur Tochigi]], [[Jepang]].
 
Nikkō merupakan destinasi populer bagi wisatawan Jepang dan internasional. Tempat-tempat menariknya meliputi [[Mausoleum|mausoleum]] dari ''[[shōgun]]'' [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] di [[:jp:日光東照宮|kuil Nikkō Tōshō-gū]], dan makam cucunya [[Tokugawa Iemitsu]] (Iemitsu-byō Taiyū-in), beserta dengan [[:jp:日光二荒山神社|kuil Futāra-san]], yang dibangun pada tahun 767. Ada banyak fasilitas [[onsen]] (sumber air panas) terkenal di area ini. Ketinggian wilayah ini berkisar antara 200 hingga 2.000 meter.<ref name=NC2007>{{cite web |url=http://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/fl/english/introduction/cityinfo.html |title=Nikko City/Location, Topography & History of Nikko City|publisher=Nikko City |access-date =23 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070527015215/http://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/fl/english/introduction/cityinfo.html|archive-date=2007-05-27}}</ref> Pepatah Jepang yang berbunyi 「日光を見ずして結構と言うなかれ "Jangan pernah mengucapkan ''<nowiki></nowiki>kekkō<nowiki></nowiki>'' sebelum kamu melihat Nikkō" – dengan kata ''kekkō'' yang berarti keindahan, kemegahan, atau kepuasan – merupakan cerminan dari keindahan objek wisata di Kota Nikkō.<ref name=Lohn1983>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/11/travel/shrine-of-the-shogun.html?pagewanted=all|first=Steve|last=Lohn|work=The New York Times|title=Shrine of the Shogun|date=11 September 1983}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.okatours.com/challenging/nikko-aizu/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709175501/https://www.okatours.com/challenging/nikko-aizu/ |archive-date=2019-07-09 |access-date=2019-07-09 |url-status=dead |title=Nikko/Aizu - Challenging |website=okatours.com }}</ref>
 
== Geografi ==
 
=== Kotamadya yang bertetangga ===
=== Iklim ===
{{Weather box
|width = auto
|location = Nikkō (1991−2020 normal, ekstrim 1944−sekarang)
|collapsed =
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|Jan record high C = 12.7
|Feb record high C = 14.0
|Mar record high C = 16.7
|Apr record high C = 23.2
|May record high C = 26.4
|Jun record high C = 26.8
|Jul record high C = 30.4
|Aug record high C = 30.8
|Sep record high C = 28.4
|Oct record high C = 25.3
|Nov record high C = 19.1
|Dec record high C = 17.2
|Jan record low C = -16.5
|Feb record low C = -16.7
|Mar record low C = -18.7
|Apr record low C = -11.0
|May record low C = -5.4
|Jun record low C = -0.4
|Jul record low C = 3.7
|Aug record low C = 6.0
|Sep record low C = -0.2
|Oct record low C = -3.9
|Nov record low C = -9.7
|Dec record low C = -14.7
|Jan high C = -0.3
|Feb high C = 0.6
|Mar high C = 4.2
|Apr high C = 10.1
|May high C = 15.3
|Jun high C = 18.0
|Jul high C = 22.1
|Aug high C = 22.9
|Sep high C = 18.9
|Oct high C = 13.7
|Nov high C = 8.6
|Dec high C = 2.8
|Jan mean C = -3.9
|Feb mean C = -3.5
|Mar mean C = -0.3
|Apr mean C = 5.1
|May mean C = 10.3
|Jun mean C = 14.0
|Jul mean C = 18.2
|Aug mean C = 18.8
|Sep mean C = 15.2
|Oct mean C = 9.6
|Nov mean C = 4.4
|Dec mean C = -1.0
|Jan low C = -7.9
|Feb low C = -7.8
|Mar low C = -4.6
|Apr low C = 0.2
|May low C = 5.5
|Jun low C = 10.4
|Jul low C = 14.9
|Aug low C = 15.6
|Sep low C = 11.9
|Oct low C = 5.7
|Nov low C = 0.2
|Dec low C = -4.9
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 57.5
|Feb precipitation mm = 48.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 108.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 154.4
|May precipitation mm = 177.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 228.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 280.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 332.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 409.0
|Oct precipitation mm = 240.9
|Nov precipitation mm = 97.6
|Dec precipitation mm = 58.4
|year precipitation mm = 2202.0
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 6.4
|Feb precipitation days = 6.6
|Mar precipitation days = 9.5
|Apr precipitation days = 10.7
|May precipitation days = 11.3
|Jun precipitation days = 14.3
|Jul precipitation days = 16.4
|Aug precipitation days = 15.3
|Sep precipitation days = 14.4
|Oct precipitation days = 11.1
|Nov precipitation days = 6.7
|Dec precipitation days = 6.2
|Jan snow cm = 63
|Feb snow cm = 56
|Mar snow cm = 57
|Apr snow cm = 13
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
|Jul snow cm = 0
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm = 3
|Dec snow cm = 33
|year snow cm = 227
|unit snow days = 1 cm
|Jan snow days = 12.9
|Feb snow days = 12.6
|Mar snow days = 11.0
|Apr snow days = 2.3
|May snow days = 0.1
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 0.8
|Dec snow days = 7.2
|humidity colour= green
|Jan humidity = 66
|Feb humidity = 65
|Mar humidity = 67
|Apr humidity = 69
|May humidity = 75
|Jun humidity = 87
|Jul humidity = 88
|Aug humidity = 89
|Sep humidity = 88
|Oct humidity = 83
|Nov humidity = 73
|Dec humidity = 69
|Jan sun = 164.6
|Feb sun = 167.0
|Mar sun = 189.5
|Apr sun = 187.1
|May sun = 174.1
|Jun sun = 107.8
|Jul sun = 109.6
|Aug sun = 128.2
|Sep sun = 105.1
|Oct sun = 122.8
|Nov sun = 152.1
|Dec sun = 153.2
|year sun = 1763.1
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref name="extremes">{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_s.php?prec_no=41&block_no=47690&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:観測史上1~10位の値(年間を通じての値)
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = 22 Maret 2022}}</ref><ref name ="normals">{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_sfc_ym.php?prec_no=41&block_no=47690&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値)
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = 22 Maret 2022}}</ref>}}
 
=== Munisipalitas yang berdekatan ===
Nikkō berbatasan dengan sembilan munisipalitas yang berada di wilayah Prefektur Tochigi, [[Prefektur Gunma|Gunma]], dan [[Prefektur Fukushima|Fukushima]]; yaitu :
* [[Prefektur Tochigi]]
** [[Kanuma, Tochigi|Kanuma]]
** [[Nasushiobara, Tochigi|Nasushiobara]]
** [[Shioya, Tochigi|Shioya]]
** [[Utsunomiya, Tochigi|Utsunomiya]]
** [[PrefekturShioya, FukushimaTochigi|Shioya]]
** [[Hinoemata, Fukushima|Hinoemata]]
** [[Minamiaizu, Fukushima|Minamiaizu]]
* [[Prefektur Gunma]]
** [[Katashina, Gunma|Katashina]]
** [[Midori, Gunma|Midori]]
** [[Numata, Gunma|Numata]]
** [[Katashina, Gunma|Katashina]]
* [[Prefektur Fukushima]]
** [[Hinoemata, Fukushima|Hinoemata]]
** [[Minamiaizu, Fukushima|Minamiaizu]]
 
== Demografi ==
Menurut data sensus Jepang,<ref name="PopPopulation">[{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-tochigi.php?cityid=09206 |title=Statistik populasi Nikkō]|language=en|access-date=3 Januari 2021}}</ref><ref name="Nikkō-hp">{{cite web |url=http://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/shimin/jinkou/index.html |title= Nikkō City official statistics|publisher=Pemerintah Kota Nikkō|location=Kota JapanNikkō|date=2 Desember 2020|language=ja|access-date=2 Januari 2021}}</ref> berikut adalah populasi Nikkō selama 70 tahun terakhir.
 
{{Historical populations
Baris 74 ⟶ 282:
| 2020 | 80.239
| align = none
| footnote = Data Sensus Jepang<ref name="Nikkō-hpPopulation"/><ref name="PopNikkō-hp"/>
}}
 
Baris 81 ⟶ 289:
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons category|Nikko, Tochigi|Nikkō, Tochigi}}
* [https://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/ Situs web resmi]
{{Wikivoyage|:en:Nikko|Nikkō}}
* [https://www.city.nikko.lg.jp/ Situs resmi Pemerintah Kota Nikkō]
* [http://nikko.4-seasons.jp/ Asosiasi Pariwisata Nikkō] {{in lang|ja}}
* [https://www.visitnikko.jp/en/ Paduan resmi Kota Nikkō]
 
{{Tochigi}}