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Perang Saudara Suriah: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Abhiseka Nareswara (bicara | kontrib)
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Abhiseka Nareswara (bicara | kontrib)
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Baris 1:
{{current}}
{{Infobox military conflict
{{Infobox Military Conflict
|conflict = Perang Saudara Suriah
|conflict= Perang Saudara Suriah
|image = [[Berkas:Syrian Civil War map.svg|tepi|upright=1.35|nirbing]]
|partof= [[Musim Semi Arab]], [[Musim Dingin Arab]], dan konflik kawasan seperti [[Perang melawan ISIS]], [[konflik Kurdi-Turki]], [[Iran-Israel]], serta proxy war antara [[Iran]] dan [[Arab Saudi]].
|caption = '''Situasi Suriah saat ini:''' <span style= "background-color: #ebc0b5; color: DarkRed">''Merah''</span>: [[Suriah|Pemerintah Suriah]], <span style ="background-color:#e2d974; color: SaddleBrown;">''Kuning''</span>: [[Pasukan Suriah]] ([[Rojava]]), <span style= "background-color: #b4b2ae; color: Black;">''Abu-abu''</span>: [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam]], <span style= "background-color: #fff7fd; color: black; border:solid 1px DarkGray;">''Putih''</span>: [[Jabhat Al-Nusra]], <span style="background-color:#cae7c4; color: DarkGreen">''Hijau''</span>: [[Oposisi Suriah]]<br><small>(untuk peta yang lebih rinci, lihat [[Kota selama Perang Saudara Suriah]]).</small>
|image= Syrian Civil War map.svg
|partof = [[Kebangkitan dunia Arab]], [[Arab Spring|musim semi Arab]], luapan [[Perang Saudara Irak (2014–sekarang)|Perang Saudara Irak]], [[Konflik proksi Iran–Arab Saudi]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gerges|first1=Fawaz|authorlink1=Fawaz Gerges|title=Saudi Arabia and Iran must end their proxy war in Syria|url=http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/15/saudia-arabia-iran-proxy-war-syria|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=15 Desember 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Rogin|first1=Josh|title=Iran and Saudi Arabia Clash Inside Syria Talks|url=http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-11-04/iran-and-saudi-arabia-clash-inside-syria-talks|work=[[Bloomberg View]]|date=4 November 2015|quote=...Iran and Saudi Arabia to discuss anything civilly, much less come to an agreement on Syria, where both sides have proxy forces in the fight.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Loewenstein|first1=Jennifer|authorlink1=Jennifer Loewenstein|title=Heading Toward a Collision: Syria, Saudi Arabia and Regional Proxy Wars|url=http://www.counterpunch.org/2015/10/02/heading-toward-a-collision-syria-saudi-arabia-and-regional-proxy-wars/|work=[[CounterPunch]]|quote=Saudi Arabian and Iranian-backed factions are contributing to the proxy war in Syria...}}</ref> dan [[Perang Dingin II]]<ref>http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/13/world/middleeast/syria-russia-airstrikes.html?_r=1</ref>
|caption= Situasi militer per Desember 2024
|date = {{Start date|df=yes|2011|03|15}} – sekarang<br />({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=03|day1=15|year1 = 2011}})
|date= 15 Maret 2011 – sekarang (13 tahun, 8 bulan, 3 minggu, dan 3 hari)
|place = [[Suriah]] <small>(dengan [[luapan Perang Saudara Suriah|luapan]] di negara tetangga)</small>
|place= [[Suriah]] (dengan dampak limpahan ke negara-negara tetangga)
|status = [[Daftar konflik bersenjata yang sedang berlangsung|Berlangsung]]
|casus= Bagian dari Musim Semi Arab dan konflik geopolitik di kawasan Timur Tengah
|territory = Per 31 oktober 2018: pemerintah menguasai 62.24%% Suriah<ref name="turn">{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/14/world/middleeast/syria-russia-aleppo-assad.html|title=Syrian War Could Turn on the Battle for Aleppo|accessdate=12 February 2016}}</ref>;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-09-14/syria-at-peace-to-imagine-it-think-of-bosnia-|title=To Imagine Syria at Peace, Think of Bosnia|author=Marc Champion|date=14 September 2015|work=BloombergView.com}}</ref> ISIL menguasai 0.73%% teritori Suriah;<ref name="turn"/><ref>[https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2016/3/24/syrian-regime-hours-away-from-capturing-is-held-palmyra Syrian regime forces 'enter IS-held Palmyra']</ref> 9.7%% dikuasai oleh kelompok pemberontak (termasuk Jabhat al-Nusra);<ref name="turn"/> 27.34%% dikuasai oleh Kurdi<ref name="turn"/><ref>[https://www.rt.com/news/335407-mistura-syrian-kurds-crisis/ Kurds should have a say on Syria’s future at Geneva talks – UN envoy]</ref>
|territory= Pemerintah sementara Suriah menguasai sebagian besar wilayah Suriah.
|combatants_header = [[Daftar kelompok bersenjata dalam Perang Saudara Suriah|Pihak utama yang berperang]]
|result=
|combatant1 =
* Kemenangan oposisi Suriah
<div style=vertical-align: sup;>{{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Syria|size=23px}} '''[[Suriah|Pemerintah Suriah]]'''}} <small>{{Center|([[Front Progresif Nasional (Suriah)|NPF]])}}</small>
* Bashar al-Assad digulingkan dan melarikan diri ke [[Moskow]]
* [[Angkatan Bersenjata Suriah]]
* Pemberontak menguasai sebagian besar wilayah Suriah dan mendirikan Pemerintahan Transisi Suriah
* [[Angkatan Pertahanan Nasional (Suriah)|Angkatan Pertahanan Nasional]]
* Kehadiran [[Rusia]] berlanjut di Tartus dan Jablah
* [[Brigade Ba'ath]]
* [[Israel]] menginvasi zona penyangga di [[Dataran Tinggi Golan]] yang dikombinasikan dengan serangan udara di [[Damaskus]] dan kota-kota lainnya
Kelompok sekutu
* Perang melawan [[ISIS]] terus berlangsung
* [[Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas|Brigade Al-Abbas]]
|combatant1= [[Sisa-sisa Ba'ath]] dan pangkalan militer Rusia
* [[Garda Nasionalis Arab]]
|combatant2= [[Pemerintah Sementara Suriah]] (SNA) dan pendudukan Turki
* [[Jaysh al-Muwahhideen|Angkatan Darat Monoteis]]
|combatant3= [[Tentara Pembebasan Suriah]] dan pendudukan Amerika
* [[Liwa Fatemiyoun|Brigade Fatemiyoun]]
|commander1= Bashar al-Assad
* [[PFLP-GC]]
|commander2= Pemimpin oposisi Suriah
* [[Sootoro]]
|commander3= Komandan pasukan Kurdi dan Amerika
* [[SSNP]]
|strength1= Tidak diketahui
* [[Perlawanan Suriah]]
|strength2= Tidak diketahui
{{flag|Rusia|size=23px}}<br>{{flag|Iran|size=23px}}<br>[[Berkas:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px|tepi]] [[Hezbollah]]<br/>
|strength3= Tidak diketahui
{{collapsible list
|casualties1= Tidak diketahui
|title = <small>Mendukung:</small>
|casualties2= Tidak diketahui
|{{flag|Korea Utara|size=23px}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/content/north-korean-army-units-rumored-be-fighting-syrian-regime|first=Mohamed Sheikh|last=Yusuf|title=N. Korean army units fighting for Syria regime: al-Zubi|work=Anadolu Agency|date=27 March 2016|accessdate=28 March 2016|archive-date=2016-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531211054/http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/content/north-korean-army-units-rumored-be-fighting-syrian-regime|dead-url=yes}}<br/>{{cite web|title=Report: Iran, North Korea Helping Syria Resume Building Missiles|url=http://www.nti.org/gsn/article/report-says-syria-resuming-missile-work-help-north-korea-iran/|accessdate=18 November 2014}}<br/>{{cite web|last = Ryall|first = Julian|url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/10102561/Syria-North-Korean-military-advising-Assad-regime.html|title = Syria: North Korean military 'advising Assad regime'|work = The Telegraph|date = 6 June 2013|accessdate = 2 August 2013}}<br/>{{cite news|url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/9371607/North-Korea-violating-sanctions-according-to-UN-report.html|title = North Korea violating sanctions, according to UN report|date = 3 July 2012|work = The Telegraph|accessdate = 6 October 2012}}</ref>
|casualties3= 580.000–617.910+ tewas
|{{flag|Tiongkok|size=23px}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/chinese-admiral-visits-syria-show-support-41476745|first=Christopher|last=Bodeen|title=Chinese Admiral Visits Syria in Show of Support|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=2016-08-08|accessdate=2016-12-10|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819134922/http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/chinese-admiral-visits-syria-show-support-41476745|archivedate=2016-08-19}}</ref>
|notes= Perang terus berlanjut dengan berbagai pihak yang bertikai
|{{flag|Kuba|size=23px}} <small>(dugaan)</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/10/16/cuba-is-intervening-in-syria-to-help-russia-it-s-not-the-first-time-havana-s-assisted-moscow.html|first=James|last=Bloodworth|title=Cuba Is Intervening in Syria to Help Russia. It's Not the First Time Havana's Assisted Moscow|publisher=[[The Daily Beast]]|date=16 Oktober 2015|accessdate=13 Juni 2016}}<br/>{{cite web|url=http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/257162-key-goper-pushes-obama-on-cuban-involvement-in-syria|title=Senator to Obama: Why is Cuba helping Russia in Syria?|first=Jordain|last=Carney|date=16 October 2015|accessdate=13 June 2016|publisher=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}<br/>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/10/14/cuban-military-forces-deployed-to-syria-to-operate-russian-tanks-say-sources.html|title=Top Cuban general, key forces in Syria to aid Assad, Russia, sources say|publisher=[[Fox News]]|date=14 October 2015|accessdate=13 June 2016|author=Christina Corbin and Doug McKelway}}<br/>{{cite web|url=http://www.redstate.com/streiff/2015/10/14/confirmed-cuban-forces-arriving-syria/|title=Confirmed: Cuban forces arriving in Syria|publisher=[[RedState]]|date=14 October 2015|accessdate=13 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-cuba-idUSKCN0SC00D20151018|title=Cuba denies it has sent troops to Syria to help Assad|date=17 October 2015|accessdate=13 June 2016|author=Daniel Trotta, edited by Paul Simao|publisher=[[Reuters]]}}<br/>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/william-m-leogrande/manufacturing-crisis-cuba_b_8392456.html|title=Manufacturing Crisis: Cuban Troops in Syria|publisher=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=26 Oktober 2015|accessdate=13 Juni 2016|author=William M. LeoGrande}}</ref>
|
}}
|combatant2=
{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg|size=23px}} '''[[Republik Suriah Sementara
|Oposisi]]'''}} <small>{{Center|([[Dewan Komando Revolusioner Suriah|SRCC]])}}</small>
* [[Tentara Pembebasan Suriah|FSA]]
* [[Fatah Halab]] <small>(sejak 2015)</small> {{ref label|Fatah Halab|a}}
* [[Front Islam (Suriah)|Front Islam]] <small>(2013-2015)</small>
{{collapsible list
|title = <small>Mendukung:</small>
|{{flag|Arab Saudi|size=20px}}
|{{flag|Turki|size=20px}}{{Ref label|turkey|b}}<ref name=Wilgenburg>{{cite magazine|title=The Rise of Jaysh al-Fateh in Northern Syria|author=Wladimir van Wilgenburg|work=Terrorism Monitor|volume=XIII|issue=12|page=3|publisher=[[Jamestown Foundation]]|url=http://www.jamestown.org/programs/tm/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=44027|date=12 Juni 2015}}</ref><ref name="weekly">{{cite news|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/12392/21/Gulf-allies-and-%E2%80%98Army-of-Conquest%E2%80%99.aspx|title=Gulf allies and 'Army of Conquest'|author=[[Gareth Porter]]|newspaper=[[Mingguan Al-Ahram]]|date=28 May 2015|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-date=2015-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919055514/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/12392/21/Gulf-allies-and-%E2%80%98Army-of-Conquest%E2%80%99.aspx|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|{{flag|Qatar|size=20px}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the United States (Pantone).svg|size=23px}} [[Amerika Serikat]]<ref>{{cite news|title=U.S. weapons reaching Syrian rebels|url=http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-09-11/world/41972742_1_lethal-aid-syrian-rebels-chemical-weapons|newspaper=Washington Post|date=September 11, 2013|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-date=2013-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215191130/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-09-11/world/41972742_1_lethal-aid-syrian-rebels-chemical-weapons|dead-url=yes}}</ref>{{Ref label|america|c}}
|{{flag|Prancis|size=20px}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.enca.com/hollande-confirms-french-delivery-arms-syrian-rebels|title=Hollande confirms French delivery of arms to Syrian rebels|date=2014-08-21|accessdate=2015-01-16}}</ref>
}}
----
{{flagicon image|Emblem of the Jaish al-Fatah.svg|border=no}} '''[[Jaish al-Fatah]]'''
* [[Jabhat Al-Nusra]]
* [[Ahrar ash-Sham]]
* [[Partai Islam Turkistan di Suriah]]
Kelompok sekutu
* [[Jabhat Ansar al-Din]]
* [[Jund al-Aqsa]]
{{collapsible list
|title = <small>Mendukung:</small>
|{{flag|Qatar|size=20px}}<ref name=Wilgenburg>{{cite magazine|title=The Rise of Jaysh al-Fateh in Northern Syria|author=Wladimir van Wilgenburg|work=Terrorism Monitor|volume=XIII|issue=12|page=3|publisher=[[Jamestown Foundation]]|url=http://www.jamestown.org/programs/tm/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=44027|date=12 Juni 2015}}</ref><ref name="weekly"/>
|{{flag|Arab Saudi|size=20px|name=Saudi Arabia}}<ref name=Wilgenburg /><ref name="weekly" />
|{{flag|Turki|size=20px}}{{Ref label|turkey|b}}<ref name=Wilgenburg /><ref name="weekly" />
}}
|combatant3=
<div style=vertical-align: sup;>'''{{flag|ISIL|size=23px}}'''</div>
* [[Aktivitas militer ISIL|Militer]]
* [[Tentara Khalid bin al-Walid]]
|combatant4 =
<div style=vertical-align: sup;>'''{{flag|Rojava|size=23px}}'''</div> <small>{{Center|([[Pasukan Demokratik Suriah|SDF]])}}</small>
* [[YPG]]
* [[YPJ]]
* [[Koalisi Arab Suriah]]
* [[Syriac Military Council|MFS]]
Kelompok sekutu:
* [[International Freedom Battalion|IFB]]<ref name="MLKP">{{cite news|last1=Demir|first1=Arzu|title=Preparations for international brigade in Rojava|url=http://en.firatnews.com/news/news/preparations-for-international-brigade-in-rojava.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211120154/http://en.firatnews.com/news/news/preparations-for-international-brigade-in-rojava.htm|archivedate=2015-02-11|accessdate=11 February 2015|agency=Firat News Agency|date=28 January 2015}}</ref>
* [[PKK]]
{{collapsible list
|title='''<small>Mendukung:</small>'''
|{{flag|Iraqi Kurdistan|size=23px}}
<br>{{flag|Russia}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/feb/8/l-todd-wood-russia-supporting-kurdish-groups-syria/|work=[[Washington Times]]|date=February 8, 2016|title=Russia supporting Kurdish groups in Syria to Turkey’s detriment|first=L. Todd|last=Wood}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Activists and a rebel commander say Kurdish fighters have launched an attack in northern Syria under the cover of Russian airstrikes to try and capture a military air base held by insurgents|url=http://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2016-02-10/gunmen-open-fire-on-syria-aid-convoy-no-casualties-reported|work=[[US News & World Report]]|date=February 10, 2016}}</ref> }}
----
{{collapsible list
|title = <small>{{flagicon image|Inherent Resolve.jpg|border=no}} '''[[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|CJTF–OIR]]:'''</small>
|{{flag|Amerika Serikat|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Britania Raya|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Prancis|size=23px}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/28/world/europe/france-says-it-has-struck-at-isis-in-syria.html|title=France Says Its Airstrikes Hit an ISIS Camp in Syria|date=28 September 2015|work=The New York Times}}</ref>
|{{flag|Kanada|size=23px}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/defence-watch/breaking-canadian-special-forces-in-ground-battle-with-isil-in-northern-iraq|title=Canadian special forces help fight off ‘significant’ ISIL attack in Iraq - Ottawa Citizen|author=David Pugliese|author2=Ottawa Citizen|author3=More David Pugliese|author4=Ottawa Citizen|date=|work=Ottawa Citizen}}</ref>
|{{flag|Belanda|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Denmark|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Australia|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Arab Saudi|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Yordania|size=23px}}
|{{flag|UAE|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Turki|Size=23px}}{{Ref label|turkey|b}}
|{{flag|Qatar|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Bahrain|size=23px}}
|{{flag|Maroji|size=23px}} }}
|commander1={{Plainlist|
* {{flagdeco|Suriah}} [[Bashar al-Assad]] <br/> <small>([[Presiden Suriah]])</small>
* {{flagdeco|Suriah}} [[Fahd Jassem al-Freij]] <br/> <small>([[Menteri Pertahanan Suriah|Menteri Pertahanan]])</small>
* {{flagdeco|Syria}} [[Ali Abdullah Ayyoub]] <br/><small>(Kepala Staf AD [[Tentara Suriah|Tentara]])</small>
* {{flagdeco|Syria}} [[Issam Hallaq]]<br/><small>(Kepala Staf [[Angkatan Udara Arab Suriah|Angkatan Udara]])</small>
* [[Berkas:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px|tepi]] [[Hassan Nasrallah]]<br/><small>(Sekjen [[Hezbollah]])</small>
* {{flagdeco|Iran}} [[Qasem Soleimani]]<br/><small>(Komandan [[Angkatan Bersenjata Quds]])</small>
* {{flagdeco|Russia}} [[Vladimir Putin]]<br/><small>([[Presiden Rusia]])</small>
}}
|commander2={{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} [[Ahmad Tu'mah]]<br/><small>(Perdana Menteri [[Pemerintah Sementara Suriah]])</small>
* {{flagicon image|Logo_of_the_Islamic_Front_%28Syria%29.svg}} Ahmed Issa al-Sheikh<ref name=BBC22Nov>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-25053525|title=Leading Syrian rebel groups form new Islamic Front|publisher=BBC|date=22 November 2013|accessdate=22 Januari 2014}}</ref><br/><small>(Pemimpin [[Front Islam (Suriah)|Front Islam]])</small>
{{Collapsible list
|bullets = on
|title = '''Meninggal:'''
|1 = {{flagicon image|Logo_of_the_Islamic_Front_%28Syria%29.svg}} [[Zahran Alloush]]{{KIA}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/12/russian-raids-kill-prominent-syrian-rebel-commander-151225142422180.html|title=Russian raids kill prominent Syrian rebel commander|date=|work=aljazeera.com}}</ref><br><small>(Kepala militer [[Front Islam (Suriah)|Front Islam]])</small><ref name=BBC22Nov/>
}}
}}
----
{{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat al-Nusra.jpg}} [[Abu Mohammad al-Julani]]<br><small>(Amir [[Front al-Nusra]])</small><ref name="al-Nusra military chief killed">{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/03/05/middleeast/syria-al-qaeda-strike/|title=Source: Syrian warplanes kill leaders of al-Nusra|author1=Nic Robertson|author2=Paul Cruickshank|lastauthoramp=yes|date=5 March 2015|work=CNN}}</ref>
{{Collapsible list
|bullets = on
|title = '''Meninggal:'''
|1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat al-Nusra.jpg}} [[Abu Humam al-Shami]]{{KIA}} <br><small>(Mantan Kepala Militer Front al-Nusra)</small><ref>{{cite web|title =Senior Nusra Front commander killed in Syria air strike|url =http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2015/03/syria-nusra-front-commander-killed-air-strike-150305230517103.html|website = Al-Jazeera|date = 6 March 2015|accessdate = 3 June 2015}}</ref>
|2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat al-Nusra.jpg}} [[Abu Firas al-Suri]]{{KIA}} <small>(Mantan Juru Bicara Front al-Nusra)</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/04/nusra-front-spokesman-killed-strike-syria-160404080317702.html|title=Nusra Front spokesman killed by air strike in Syria|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=2016-04-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/syrias-qaeda-spokesman-20-jihadists-dead-strikes-monitor-200452734.html|title=Syria's Qaeda spokesman, 20 jihadists dead in strikes: monitor|website=www.yahoo.com|access-date=2016-04-04}}</ref>
}}
}}
|commander3={{Plainlist|
* {{flagdeco|ISIL}} [[Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi]]<ref>{{cite news|work=United States Department of State|url=http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2013/08/213032.htm|title=U.S. Condemns Terrorist Attacks in Iraq and Pledges to Help Combat al Qaeda|date=10 August 2013}}</ref><br/><small>(Khalifah [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam|ISIL]])</small>
{{Collapsible list
|bullets = on
|title = '''Meninggal:'''
|1 = {{Flagdeco|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} [[Haji Bakr]]{{KIA}} <br><small>(Mantan Wakil Ketua ISIL dan Kepala Dewan Militer)</small><ref>{{cite web
|title =ISIS confirms death of senior leader in Syria|url =http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/02/isis_confirms_death.php|website = Long War Journal|date = February 2014|accessdate = 2015}}</ref>
|2 = {{Flagdeco|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} [[Abu Ayman al-Iraqi]]{{KIA}} <small>(Mantan Kepala Dewan Militer)</small><ref name="who is next">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/if-isis-leader-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-killed-who-caliph-islamic-state-group-1721638|title=If ISIS Leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Is Killed, Who Is Caliph Of The Islamic State Group?|author=Alessandria Masi|date=11 November 2014|work=International Business Times|accessdate=11 June 2015}}</ref>
|3 = {{flagdeco|ISIL}} [[Abu Ali al-Anbari]]{{KIA}}<ref>{{cite news|title=A Top ISIS Leader Is Killed in an Airstrike, the Pentagon Says|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/26/world/middleeast/abd-al-rahman-mustafa-al-qaduli-isis-reported-killed-in-syria.html|accessdate=26 March 2016|publisher=New York Times|date=25 March 2016}}</ref><br/><small>(Wakil Ketua di Suriah)</small>
|4 = {{flagdeco|ISIL}} [[Abu Omar al-Shishani]]{{KIA}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/14/politics/u-s-confirms-death-of-isis-operative-omar-al-shishani/index.html|publisher=CNN|title= U.S. confirms death of ISIS operative Omar al-Shishani|date=14 March 2016|accessdate=14 March 2016}}</ref><br/><small>(Menteri Perang)</small><ref>[http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-aistrike-idUSKCN0WA2GG Islamic State's 'minister of war' likely killed in U.S. air strike: officials]<br/>[https://www.rt.com/news/334958-isis-shishani-commander-killed/ ISIS 'minister of war' al-Shishani likely killed in airstrike – Pentagon]<br>[http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/isis-minister-war-omar-al-shishani-clinically-dead-after-us-airstrike-1549247 Isis 'minister of war' Omar al-Shishani 'clinically dead' after US air strike]<br/>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/14/islamic-states-war-minister-omar-al-shishani-clinically-dead Islamic State's 'war minister' Omar al-Shishani 'clinically dead']<br/>[http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/03/15/did-the-u-s-kill-omar-shishani-the-isis-minister-of-war.html Red-Beard Abu Omar al-Shishani Is The Walking Dead ISIS ‘Minister of War’]</ref>
}}
}}
|commander4={{Plainlist|
* {{flagicon|Rojava}} [[Salih Muslim Muhammad|Salih Muhammad]]<br/><small>(Wakil Presiden [[Partai Uni Demokratik (Suriah)|PYD]])</small>
* {{flagicon|Rojava}} [[Asya Abdullah]]<br/><small>(Wakil Presiden [[Partai Uni Demokratik (Suriah)|PYD]])</small>
* {{flagicon|Rojava}} Sipan Hemo<br/><small>(Komandan [[Unit Perlindungan Rakyat|YPG]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/menasource/kurdish-arab-rebel-alliance-may-be-key-to-obama-s-syrian-strategy|title=Kurdish-Arab Rebel Alliance May be Key to Obama's Syrian Strategy|author=Tarek Radwan|work=Atlantic Council}}</ref></small> }}
----
{{flagicon|Amerika Serikat Army}} [[Sean MacFarland]]<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/s/91436/army-lt-gen-sean-macfarland-lead-u-s-fight-against-isis?mref=skybox MacFarland leads the coalition against ISIS] accessdate=2015-10-30</ref><br/><small>(Komandan CJTF-OIR)</small><br>
[[Berkas:Flag of the United States (Pantone).svg|23px|tepi]] [[Barack Obama]]<br/><small>([[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden AS]])</small>
 
|strength1=[[Angkatan Bersenjata Suriah]]: 178.000<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.globalfirepower.com/country-military-strength-detail.asp?country_id=Syria|title= Syria military strength|publisher=Global Fire Power|date= 17 October 2015}}</ref>
 
[[Direktorat Jenderal Keamanan (Suriah)|Direktorat Jenderal Keamanan]]: 8.000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2013/Aug-28/228953-syrias-diminished-security-forces.ashx#axzz31ko8ddGF|title=Syria's diminished security forces|publisher=AFP|date=28 August 2013|accessdate=14 May 2014|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714160112/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2013/Aug-28/228953-syrias-diminished-security-forces.ashx#axzz31ko8ddGF|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
Pasukan Pertahanan Nasional: 80.000<ref>[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Analysis/2014/Jun-16/260266-isis-iraq-offensive-could-trigger-hezbollah-to-fill-gap-left-in-syria.ashx#axzz34kJc9rns ISIS’ Iraq offensive could trigger Hezbollah to fill gap left in Syria] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604205636/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Analysis/2014/Jun-16/260266-isis-iraq-offensive-could-trigger-hezbollah-to-fill-gap-left-in-syria.ashx#axzz34kJc9rns |date=2016-06-04 }} ''[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]'', 16 Juni 2014</ref>
 
Hezbollah: 6.000–8.000<ref>[http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=44563 Senior Hezbollah commander killed in Aleppo]</ref><ref name="legion"/>
 
Brigade Ba'ath: 7.000<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.al-akhbar.com/node/197848|title=«كتائب البعث» إلى شوارع دمشق|publisher=Al Akhbar|date=14 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=54167|title=The Baath Battalions Move Into Damascus|publisher=Carnegie Endowment|date=13 January 2014|author=Aron Lund}}</ref>
 
Rusia: 4.000 pasukan<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/russias-syria-force-has-reportedly-grown-to-4000-people-2015-11|title=Russia's Syria force has reportedly grown to 4,000 people|authors=Jonathan Landay, Phil Stewart, Mark Hosenball|agency=Business Insider|date=4 November 2015|accessdate=4 November 2015}}</ref> and 1,000 contractors<ref name="wsjmercenaries">{{cite web|url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/up-to-nine-russian-contractors-die-in-syria-experts-say-1450467757|title=Up to Nine Russian Contractors Die in Syria, Experts Say|author=Thomas Grove|date=18 December 2015|work=WSJ}}</ref>
 
Iran: 3.000–5.000<ref name="legion">{{cite web|url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/iran-foreign-legion-leads-battle-in-syrias-north-1455672481|title=Iran ‘Foreign Legion’ Leads Battle in Syria’s North|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=17 February 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-civil-war-state-of-the-art-technology-gives-president-assad-s-army-the-edge-a6898741.html Syria civil war: State-of-the-art technology gives President Assad’s army the edge]</ref>
 
Kelompok sekutu lainnya: 15.500+<ref name="legion"/><ref name="alAbbasGuardian">[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/04/syria-islamic-sunni-shia-shrines-volunteers Syrian war widens Sunni-Shia schism as foreign jihadis join fight for shrines.] Retrieved 5 June 2013</ref><ref name="AydinAlbayrak">{{cite web|last=Albayrak|first=Aydin|title=Mihraç Ural, a man with a long history of terrorism|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-315474-mihrac-ural-a-man-with-a-long-history-of-terrorism.html|work=[[Today's Zaman]]|accessdate=3 August 2013|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113933/http://www.todayszaman.com/news-315474-mihrac-ural-a-man-with-a-long-history-of-terrorism.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
|strength2=
FSA: 40,000–50,000<ref>{{cite news|last=Cockburn|first=Patrick|title=West suspends aid for Islamist rebels in Syria, underlining their disillusionment with those forces opposed to President Bashar al-Assad|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/west-suspends-aid-for-islamist-rebels-in-syria-underlining-their-disillusionment-with-those-forces-opposed-to-president-bashar-alassad-8998891.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=11 December 2013}}</ref>
 
Front Islam: 40.000–70.000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2014/03/04/islamic_front_isis_syria|title=Front to Back|work=Foreign Policy}}</ref>
 
Fatah Halab:{{ref label|Fatah Halab|a}} ~25,000–32,000<ref name="guide">{{cite news|title=Syria crisis: Guide to armed and political opposition|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-24403003|publisher=BBC|date=13 December 2013}}</ref><ref name=Reuters9Jan>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/09/us-syria-crisis-rebels-factbox-idUSBREA080SW20140109|title=Factbox: Syria's rebel groups|publisher=Reuters|date=9 January 2014|accessdate=9 January 2014|archive-date=2015-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019095115/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/01/09/us-syria-crisis-rebels-factbox-idUSBREA080SW20140109|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/01/06/213669/al-qaida-rebels-leave-mass-grave.html|title=Al Qaida rebels leave mass grave behind as they desert base in Syria|publisher=McClatchy|date=6 January 2014|accessdate=8 January 2014|archive-date=2014-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212200740/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2014/01/06/213669/al-qaida-rebels-leave-mass-grave.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=ZAMANALWSL>{{cite web|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/10077.html|title=Syrian rebel group offers 2000 jihadists to fight Houthis in Yemen|date=|work=ZAMAN ALWSL|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-date=2015-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713012650/https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/10077.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
Kelompok lainnya: 12.500<ref name="Guardian70K">[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/30/70000-syrian-fighters-david-cameron-islamic-state-airstrikes Who are these 70,000 Syrian fighters David Cameron is relying on?] Retrieved 18 February 2016.</ref>
----
al-Nusra: 13.000<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2015/0504/Syria-crisis-Spooked-by-rebel-gains-Jordan-doubles-down-on-Islamic-State|title=Syria crisis: Spooked by rebel gains, Jordan doubles down on Islamic State|date=4 May 2015|accessdate=4 May 2015}}</ref><br/>
Kelompok sekutu: 8.500+
|strength3= 31.500<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29169914|title=Islamic State fighter estimate triples - CIA|publisher=BBC|date=12 September 2014}}</ref>–100.000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/war-with-isis-islamic-militants-have-army-of-200000-claims-kurdish-leader-9863418.html|title=War with Isis: Islamic militants have army of 200,000, claims senior Kurdish leader|publisher=The Independent|date=18 November 2014}}</ref>
 
|strength4=
YPG dan YPJ: 57.000-60.000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/op-ed_will-the-islamic-state-last-through-2015_368806.html|title=Will the Islamic State last through 2015?|publisher=Today's Zaman|accessdate=4 January 2015|archive-date=2015-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105161140/http://www.todayszaman.com/op-ed_will-the-islamic-state-last-through-2015_368806.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telesurtv.net/english/news/Kurdish-Women-Turning-Kobani-into-a-Living-Hell-for-Islamic-State-20141014-0072.html|title=Kurdish Women Turning Kobani into a Living 'Hell' for Islamic State}}</ref>
 
Koalisi Arab Suriah: 4.000 (klaim)
 
Dewan Militer Suriah: 2.000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article138396610/Die-Barbaren-wollen-uns-alle-unterwerfen.html|title=Die Barbaren wollen uns alle unterwerfen|language=Jerman}}</ref>
 
[[Tentara revolusi]]: 3,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hasanmustafas.wordpress.com/2015/11/16/an-analysis-of-jaish-al-thuwar-the-army-of-revolutionaries-a-component-of-the-syrian-democratic-forces/|title= An Analysis of Jaish al-Thuwar (the Army of Revolutionaries) – a Component of the Pasukan Demokratik Suriah|last1= Mustafa|first1= Hasan|date= 16 November 2015|website=|publisher= Word Press|access-date= 16 February 2016}}</ref>
 
|casualties1={{flagdeco|Suriah|size=23px}} '''Pemerintah Suriah:'''<br>
56.609–91.609 prajurit terbunuh<ref name=SOHR>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2016/05/28/46478|title=More than 400000 were killed in 63 months of the Syrian revolution|date=28 May 2016}}</ref><ref name=SOHR1>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/index.php?option=com_news&nid=22469&Itemid=2&task=displaynews|title=More than 110 dead, thousands of regime forces during the 41 months|publisher=|accessdate=25 October 2014|archive-date=2014-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120603/http://www.syriahr.com/index.php?option=com_news&nid=22469&Itemid=2&task=displaynews|dead-url=unfit}}</ref><br>
39.221–53.221 wajib milter terbunuh<ref name=SOHR/><ref name=SOHR1/><br>
6,000 soldiers and militiamen and 2,000 supporters captured<ref name=SOHR/><br>
[[Berkas:InfoboxHez.PNG|23px|tepi]] '''Hezbollah:'''<br />1,247–1,400 killed<ref name=SOHR/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21698768-israel-usual-suspectbut-may-not-have-been-responsible-time-hizbullahs|title=Hizbullah’s military commander is killed|work=The Economist|accessdate=13 May 2016}}</ref><br>
{{flagicon|Rusia}} '''Rusia:'''<br>13 soldiers<small><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rt.com/news/347348-syria-russian-soldier-killed/|title=Russian soldier dies in Syria after preventing car bomb attack on aid distribution point|accessdate=19 June 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2016/07/09/world/europe/ap-eu-russia-syria.html?_r=0 2 Russian Soldiers Die After Helicopter Shot Down in Syria]</ref></small> and 9–15 contractors<ref name="wsjmercenaries"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.yahoo.com/three-russians-killed-syria-pro-government-source-145159450.html|title=Three Russians killed in Syria: pro-government source|date=20 October 2015|work=Yahoo News|accessdate=21 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Fontanka Investigates Russian Mercenaries Dying For Putin In Syria And Ukraine|url=http://www.interpretermag.com/fontanka-investigates-russian-mercenaries-dying-for-putin-in-syria-and-ukraine/|accessdate=29 March 2016|date=29 March 2016}}</ref> killed<br>
'''Other non-Syrian fighters:'''<br />4,585 killed<ref name=SOHR/> <small>({{flagdeco|Iran|size=23px}} 419)</small><ref name="fpiran">[http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/06/irgc-officer-college-mourns-comrade-killed-in-syria.php IRGC officer college mourns comrade killed in Syria] (see twitter link on 13 deaths in June)</ref>
 
|casualties2= 95,663–121,663 fighters killed{{ref label|casualties2|d}}<ref name=SOHR/><ref name=SOHR1/><br>979 protesters killed<ref name="almost11,500">{{cite web|url=http://ansamed.ansa.it/ansamed/en/news/sections/politics/2012/03/19/visualizza_new.html_134589467.html|title=Syria: Opposition, almost 11,500 civilians killed|publisher=Ansamed.ansa.it|date=2012-03-19|accessdate=2013-08-27}}</ref>
 
|casualties3= {{flagdeco|ISIL}} '''ISIL:''' <br> 8,850+ killed <small>(per SOHR)</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geo.tv/article-189504-IS-executes-over-3000-in-Syria-in-year-long-caliphate|title=IS executes over 3,000 in Syria in year-long ´caliphate´|date=28 June 2015|work=AFP}}<br>[http://www.syriahr.com/en/2016/04/30/9-weeks-of-the-truce-and-cease-of-fight-operations-kills-almost-5600-people-in-most-of-the-syrian-provinces/ 9 weeks of the “truce and cease of fight operations” kills almost 5,600 people in most of the Syrian provinces]<br>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2016/05/29/46519|title=81 executions during the 23rd month “the Islamic State’s Caliphate” in Syria rise the number of executions carried out by the “Islamic State” to 4225|publisher=SOHR|accessdate=29 May 2016}}<br>[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/212933#.V0rWMrh96Uk Thousands flee ISIS offensive in northern Syria]</ref><br>16,089+ killed <small>(per SAA and YPG)</small><ref name="ISCasualtiesDiclehaber">{{Cite web |url=http://www.diclehaber.com/en/news/content/view/437247?from=2102159856 |title=YPG releases balance-sheet of 2014: Nearly 5,000 ISIS members killed |access-date=2016-07-28 |archive-date=2016-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914160338/http://www.diclehaber.com/en/news/content/view/437247?from=2102159856 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="ISCasualtiesYPGRojava">{{Cite web |url=http://ypgrojava.com/en/2016/01/01/balance-of-the-war-against-hostile-groups-in-rojava-northern-syria-year-2015/ |title=Balance of the War Against Hostile Groups in Rojava, Northern Syria: Year 2015 |access-date=2016-07-28 |archive-date=2016-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126073438/http://ypgrojava.com/en/2016/01/01/balance-of-the-war-against-hostile-groups-in-rojava-northern-syria-year-2015/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="ISCasualtiesSputnik">{{cite web|url=http://sputniknews.com/middleeast/20141225/1016239222.html|title=Syrian Army Kills Nearly 5,000 IS Militants in Three Months: Source|date=25 December 2014|work=sputniknews.com}}</ref><ref>[http://sana.sy/en/?p=72949 The army takes full control of Palmyra city, hundreds of ISIS terrorists killed]</ref>
 
|casualties4= {{flagicon|Rojava}} '''Rojava:'''<br>3,182 killed<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2015/12/03/syrian-kurds-are-winning/|title=The Syrian Kurds Are Winning!|author=Jonathan Steele|work=The New York Review of Books|accessdate=12 April 2016}}</ref><ref>182 killed (2016),[http://ku.hawarnews.com/ji-ypge-bilancoya-meha-cileye/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922124632/http://ku.hawarnews.com/ji-ypge-bilancoya-meha-cileye/ |date=2016-09-22 }}[http://en.hawarnews.com/ypg-releases-balance-sheet-of-war-in-february/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922125352/http://en.hawarnews.com/ypg-releases-balance-sheet-of-war-in-february/ |date=2016-09-22 }}[http://dckurd.org/2016/04/05/ypg-announces-the-balance-sheet-of-war-for-march/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811032707/http://dckurd.org/2016/04/05/ypg-announces-the-balance-sheet-of-war-for-march/ |date=2016-08-11 }} total of 182 reported killed</ref>
----
{{flagicon image|Inherent Resolve.jpg|border=no}}'''[[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|CJTF–OIR]]:'''<br>2 killed<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/Marine-is-first-US-death-in-operations-against-Islamic-State/articleshow/44263023.cms|title=Marine is first US death in operations against Islamic State|work=The Times of India|accessdate=25 October 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31129416 Jordan pilot murder: Islamic State deploys asymmetry of fear]</ref>
 
|notes=<big><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
'''81,436'''<ref name=SOHR/>'''–94,884'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vdc-sy.org/index.php/en/home|title=Violations Documenting Center|date=23 February 2016|accessdate=23 February 2016|publisher=Violations Documenting Center}}</ref> ('''3,160''' [[Casualties of the Syrian Civil War#Foreign civilians killed|foreign]]; mostly Palestinian) civilian deaths documented by opposition<br />
'''86''' [[Casualties of the Syrian Civil War#Foreign soldiers killed|other foreign soldiers]] killed<br><small>({{flagicon|Lebanon}} 48, {{flagicon|Iraq}} 16, {{flagicon|Turkey}} 15, {{flagicon|Jordan}} 7)</small>
----
'''Total yang terbunuh:'''<br>
'''282.283–402.819''' (perkiraan Mei 2016 oleh [[Observatorium Suriah untuk Hak Asasi Manusia|SOHR]])<ref name=SOHR/><br>
'''470.000''' (perkiraan Februari 2016 oleh SCPR)<ref>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/11/report-on-syria-conflict-finds-115-of-population-killed-or-injured Report on Syria conflict finds 11.5% of population killed or injured]</ref>
----
Lebih dari '''7.600.000''' [[orang terlantar|terlantar]] (perkiraan Juli 2015 oleh [[UNHCR]])
Lebih dari '''4.000.000''' [[Pengungsi Perang Saudara Suriah|pengungsi]] (perkiraan Juli 2015 oleh [[UNHCR]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/11728266/More-than-four-million-Syrian-refugees-in-neighbouring-countries-UN-says.html|title=More than four million Syrian refugees in neighbouring countries, UN says|date=9 July 2015|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/09/us-mideast-crisis-syria-refugees-idUSKCN0PJ0EF20150709|title=Syria's neighbors now host four million of its refugees, U.N. says|author=Tom Miles|date=9 July 2015|work=Reuters|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-date=2015-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128054314/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/09/us-mideast-crisis-syria-refugees-idUSKCN0PJ0EF20150709|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/7/9/unhcr-syrian-refugees-cross-four-million-mark.html|title=UNHCR: Syrian Refugees Cross Four Million Mark - Al Jazeera America|date=|work=aljazeera.com}}</ref></div></big>
----
{{notelist}}
{{Note label|Fatah Halab|a}} Fatah Halab (bahasa Inggris: ''Aleppo Conquest'') juga termasuk kelompok dari FSA.
 
{{Note label|turkey|b}} Turkey is part of the CJTF–OIR against ISIL, but does not support the SDF and is in a border conflict with it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-shelling-idUKKCN0VM0PA|title=Turkish forces shell Syrian air base captured by Kurds|author=Reuters Editorial|date=13 February 2016|work=Reuters UK|accessdate=14 February 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/ap/article-3446440/Opposition-activists-say-Turkey-shelling-Kurds-Syria.html Turkey shells Kurdish positions in Syria for 2nd day]</ref>
 
{{Note label|america|c}} Some of the rebels that have been armed by the United States have given vehicles and ammunition to the [[al-Nusra Front]].<ref name="BBCUSalNusra">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34368073|title= US-trained rebels give equipment to al-Qaeda affiliate.|publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref>
 
{{Note label|casualties2|d}} Number includes Kurdish and ISIL fighters, whose deaths are also listed in their separate columns.<ref name=SOHR/><ref name=SOHR1/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/world/more-than-215000-killed-in-syria-since-2011-2015031605#axzz3UUZH4BeT|title=More than 215,000 killed in Syria since 2011|work=3news.co.nz|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-date=2015-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928074658/http://www.3news.co.nz/world/more-than-215000-killed-in-syria-since-2011-2015031605#axzz3UUZH4BeT|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
}}
 
'''Perang saudara Suriah''' ({{lang-ar|الحرب الأهلية السورية}}) (ucapan bahasa Arab:ٱلْحَرْبُ ٱلْأَهْلِيَّةُ ٱلسُّورِيَّةُ|al-ḥarb harbul-ʾahlīyyat al ahliyah al suriah‎us-sūrīyyah}}) adalah sebuah konflik bersenjata berbagai pihak dengan intervensi internasional<ref>{{cite web
|last1=International conflict
|title=Iran to join, Russia already bombing Opposition's positions.
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yang berlangsung di [[Suriah]]. [[Fase pemberontakan sipil dalam Perang saudara Suriah|Kerusuhan]] tumbuh sejak protes [[kebangkitan dunia Arab]] tahun 2011, dan meningkat ke konflik bersenjata setelah kekerasan atas protes kepada Pemerintah Presiden [[Bashar al-Assad]] untuk menekan pengunduran dirinya.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/syria-crackdown-has-killed-5000-people-un-says/|title= Syria crackdown has killed 5,000 people, UN says}}</ref>
Perang melibatkan Pasukan Diktator [[Bashar al-Assad]], [[Tentara Pembebasan Suriah]] , Pasukan Demokratik Suriah, Mujahidin (termasuk Front al-Nusra), dan [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam]] (ISILISIS). Kebanyakan pihak menerima dukungan besar dari [[Keterlibatan asing dalam Perang saudara Suriah|aktor asing]], dan banyak yang mengarahkan untuk melabelinya sebagai [[perang proksi]] yang dilancarkan oleh negara-negara besar regional dan dunia.<ref name="turnproxy">{{cite news
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/13/world/middleeast/syria-russia-airstrikes.html?_r=0
|title=U.S. Weaponry Is Turning Syria Into Proxy War With Russia
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Konflik menyebabkan cukup banyak [[Pengungsi Perang Saudara Suriah|perpindahan penduduk]]. Pada 1 Februari 2016,<ref name=reutersstart>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-idUSKCN0VA2OT|title=U.N. announces start of Syria peace talks as government troops advance|publisher= Reuters|accessdate=2 February 2016|date=1 February 2016}}</ref> sebuah [[Pembicaraan damai Suriah Jenewa (2016)|pembicaraan damai Suriah Jenewa]] yang dimediasi oleh PBB dimulai, namun pertempuran terus berlanjut.<ref name="reutersrageon">{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-idUSKCN0VB1CQ|title=Syrian army threatens to encircle Aleppo as talks falter|work=Reuters|accessdate=4 February 2016|date=3 February 2016}}</ref>
 
Pada tanggal 8 Desember 2024, pasukan pemberontak telah [[Kejatuhan Damaskus|merebut]] ibu kota, [[Damaskus]]. Setelah itu, rezim Ba'ath [[Kejatuhan dinasti Assad|runtuh]], dan al-Assad melarikan diri ke [[Moskow]].<ref>{{cite news |date=8 December 2024 |title=Syria's President Bashar al Assad is in Moscow and has been granted asylum, confirms Russian state media |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/syrias-president-bashar-al-assad-175000548.html}}</ref>
 
== Ringkasan ==
 
=== Asal Mula Konflik ===
Pada Maret 2011, ketidakpuasan masyarakat terhadap pemerintahan [[Ba'thisme]] mengakibatkan protes dalam skala besar dan unjuk rasa yang menyuarakan pro-demokrasi di seluruh Suriah, hal tersebut disebabkan oleh meluasnya dampak dari [[Arab Spring]]. <ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Kassam|first=Kamal|last2=Becker|first2=Maria|date=2023-05-16|title=Syrians of today, Germans of tomorrow: the effect of initial placement on the political interest of Syrian refugees in Germany|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/political-science/articles/10.3389/fpos.2023.1100446/full|journal=Frontiers in Political Science|language=English|volume=5|doi=10.3389/fpos.2023.1100446|issn=2673-3145}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=2014-03-14|title=Syria: The story of the conflict|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26116868|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2024-12-03}}</ref> Banyak kegiatan unjuk rasa ditindak tegas oleh aparat keamanan dengan tindakan keras bahkan mematikan yang diperintahkan oleh [[Bashar al-Assad]] sehingga mengakibatkan ribuan kematian dan penahanan, tidak sedikit diantaranya merupakan masyarakat sipil. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Revolusi Suriah berubah menjadi [[pemberontakan]] karena banyak munculnya milisi-milisi perlawanan di seluruh Suriah, bahkan semakin memburuk menjadi perang saudara pada tahun 2012. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kassam|first=Kamal|last2=Becker|first2=Maria|date=2023-05-16|title=Syrians of today, Germans of tomorrow: the effect of initial placement on the political interest of Syrian refugees in Germany|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/political-science/articles/10.3389/fpos.2023.1100446/full|journal=Frontiers in Political Science|language=English|volume=5|doi=10.3389/fpos.2023.1100446|issn=2673-3145}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2014-03-14|title=Syria: The story of the conflict|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26116868|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2024-12-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2011-03-15|title=Mid-East unrest: Syrian protests in Damascus and Aleppo|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-12749674|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2024-12-03}}</ref>
 
== Lihat juga ==
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== Referensi ==
{{reflist|25em}}
{{negara-stub|Suriah}}
 
[[Kategori:Perang Saudara Suriah| ]]
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[[Kategori:Kebangkitan dunia Arab]]
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 2012]]
 
 
{{negara-stub|Suriah}}
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