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Revisi per 5 Oktober 2019 04.05 sunting Wagino 20100516 (bicara \| kontrib) Pemeriksa, Pengurus 161.589 suntingan k menambah pengawasan otoritas ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 13 Desember 2024 22.23 sunting balikkan CommonsDelinker (bicara \| kontrib) Pengguna terkonfirmasi, Pengecualian blokir IP, Peninjau 54.214 suntingan Mengganti Coat_of_arms_of_Syria.svg dengan Coat_of_arms_of_Syria_(1980–2024).svg (berkas dipindahkan oleh CommonsDelinker; alasan: File renamed: [[:c:COM:FR#FR3\|
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Baris 1: ~~:''~~{{selfref\|Untuk penjelasan mengenai sejarah negara-negara di Asia Barat, lihat [[Sejarah Timur Tengah]]''.}} {{Infobox \|bodyclass = geography Baris 8 ⟶ 7: \|data1 = 6.255.160 km<sup>2</sup><br />(2.415.131 mp) <sup>1</sup> \|label2 = Populasi \|data2 = ~~313~~311.428.000 <sup>1</sup> \|label3 = Kepadatan \|data3 = {{convert\|50.1\|/km2\|abbr=on}} \|label4 = Negara \|data4 = {{Collapsible list\|title=19-21\|titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;\|{{flag\|Arab Saudi}}\|{{flag\|Armenia}}\|{{flag\|Azerbaijan}}\|{{flag\|Bahrain~~}}\|{{flag\|Georgia~~}}\|{{flag\|Iran}}\|{{flag\|Irak}}\|{{flag\|Israel}}\|{{flag\|Kuwait}}\|{{flag\|Lebanon}}\|{{flag\|Oman}}\|{{flag\|Qatar}}\|{{flag\|Siprus}}\|{{flag\|Suriah}}\|{{flag\|Turki}}\|{{flag\|UEA}}\|{{flag\|Yaman}}\|{{flag\|Palestina}}\|{{flag\|Yordania}}}} \|label5 = {{nowrap\|PDB nominal}} \|data5 = $2,742 triliun (2010) <sup>2</sup> \|label6 = {{nowrap\|PDB per kapita}} \|data6 = $~~8748~~8548 (2010) <sup>2</sup> \|label7 = Zona waktu \|data7 = [[UTC+02:00\|UTC+2]] sampai [[UTC+05:00\|UTC+5]] \|label8 = Sebutan \|data8 = West Asian <small>(Bahasa Inggris)</small><br />Gharb Asiawyn <small>(Bahasa Arab)</small> \|label9 = Bahasa \|data9 = ~~[[Abkhaz language\|Abkhaz]],~~ [[Bahasa Adyghe ~~language~~\|Adyghe]], [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]], [[Bahasa Aram\|Aramaik]], [[Bahasa Armenia\|Armenia]], [[Bahasa Avar\|Avar]], [[Bahasa Azeri\|Azeri]], [[Bahasa Chechnya\|Chechnya~~]], [[Bahasa Georgia\|Georgia~~]], [[Bahasa Gilaki\|Gilaki]], [[Bahasa Ibrani\|Ibrani]], [[Bahasa Kabardia\|Kabardia]], [[Bahasa Kurdi\|Kurdi]], [[Bahasa ~~Lezgian\|Lezgin~~Lezgia]], [[Bahasa Luri ~~language~~\|Luri]], [[Bahasa Mazanderani\|Mazanderani]], [[Bahasa Ossetia\|Ossetia]], [[Bahasa Persia\|Persia]], [[Bahasa Turki\|Turki]], [[Bahasa Yunani\|Yunani]], [[Bahasa ~~Zazak~~Rusia\|~~Zazak~~Rusia]], dsb. \|label10 = Kota-kota terbesar \|data10 = {{flagicon\|Iran}} [[Tehran]]<br />{{flagicon\|Turkey}} [[Istanbul]]*<br />{{flagicon\|Irak}} [[Baghdad]]<br />{{flagicon\|Saudi Arabia}} [[Riyadh]]<br />{{flagicon\|Turkey}} [[Ankara]] Baris 33 ⟶ 32: '''Asia Barat''' atau '''Asia Barat Daya''' adalah wilayah bagian sebelah barat benua [[Asia]], terdiri dari negara-negara wilayah [[Timur Tengah]] dan [[Timur Dekat]] yang berada di benua Asia. Istilah "Asia Barat" lebih sering digunakan dalam tulisan mengenai arkeologi dan masa prasejarah kawasan itu. Para ahli geografi terusik dengan ambiguitas istilah "[[Timur Tengah]]" yang lebih populer daripada "Asia Barat". Negara seperti [[India]] lebih suka menggunakan istilah "Asia Barat", kemungkinan karena istilah "Timur Tengah" lebih [[Budaya Eropa\|Keeropaan]] ~~atau ''Eurosentris''~~. Namun ada kalangan yang menganggap Timur Tengah juga meliputi negara-negara di [[Afrika Utara]] atau paling tidak negara [[Mesir]] saja. == Sejarah == {{See also\|Sejarah Timur Tengah}} Peradaban-peradaban terawal di dunia berkembang di Asia Barat. Selama hampir tiga millennia, wilayah ini telah disatukan di bawah satu atau dua negara kuat; setiap satunya mewarisi yang sebelumnya, di beberapa saat merupakan sistem kerakyatan dengan basis barat maupun timur. Negara-negara utama seperti ini adalah [[Kekaisaran Asiria Baru]], [[Kekaisaran Babilonia Baru]], [[Kekaisaran Akhemeniyah]], Dua Kerajaan Yahudi kuno ([[Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)\|Israel]]-[[Kerajaan Yehuda\|Yehuda]]), [[Kekaisaran Seleukia]], [[Kekaisaran Parthia]], [[Kekaisaran Sasaniyah]], [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]], [[Kekhalifahan Umayyah]], [[Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah]], [[Dinasti Safawiyah]], [[Dinasti Afshariyah\|Dinasti Afsharidiyah]] dan [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]. == Geografi == Asia Barat terletak di selatan dari [[Eropa Timur]] dan dekat dengan [[Afrika Utara]]. Wilayah ini dikelilingi tujuh laut utama; [[Laut Aegea]], [[Laut Hitam]], [[Laut Kaspia]],<ref>Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb.(201). Caspian Sea. Robert Warren Howarth (ed.), ''Biomes & Ecosystems''. Ipswich, MA: Salem Press, pp. 37–39.</ref> [[Teluk Persia]],<ref>Mughal, Muhammad Aurang Zeb. 2013. ''Persian Gulf Desert and Semi-desert''. Robert Warren Howarth (ed.), Biomes & Ecosystems. Ipswich, MA: Salem Press, pp. 34–36.</ref> [[Laut Arab]], [[Laut Merah]], dan [[Laut Tengah]]. Ke utara, wilayah ini dibatasi dari [[Eropa]] oleh pegunungan [[Kaukasus Besar]], ke barat daya, wilayah ini dibatasi dari [[Afrika]] oleh [[Tanah genting]] [[Suez]], sementara ke timur, wilayah ini berbatasan dengan [[Asia Tengah]] dan [[Asia Selatan]]. Gurun [[Dasht-e Kavir]] dan Dasht-e Lut di [[Iran]] timur secara alami agak membatasi wilayah ini dari keseluruhan [[Asia]] sendiri. ==Ekonomi== Asia Barat memiliki lebih dari separuh cadangan minyak dunia dan 40 persen cadangan gas alamnya. [[Turki]] memiliki ekonomi terbesar, diikuti oleh [[Arab Saudi]] dan [[Iran]]. == Data umum == Baris 49 ⟶ 50: \|- style="background:#ececec;" ! [[Negara]] ! [[~~List~~Daftar ofnegara ~~countries~~menurut byluas ~~area~~wilayah\|Luas]]<br/>(km²) ! [[~~List~~Daftar ofnegara ~~countries~~menurut byjumlah ~~population~~penduduk\|Populasi]]<br/>(2010) ! [[~~List of~~Daftar ~~countries~~negara bymenurut ~~population~~kepadatan ~~density~~penduduk\|Kepadatan populasi]]<br/>(per km²) ! [[~~Ibukota~~Ibu ~~(politik)~~kota\|Ibukota]] ! Kota terbesar ! [[~~List of~~Daftar ~~countries~~negara bymenurut ~~GDP~~PDB (nominal)\|Nominal GDP]]<ref>{{cite web\|title=International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011: Nominal GDP list of countries. Data for the year 2010.\|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=17&pr.y=2&sy=2010&ey=2010&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C869%2C436%2C746%2C136%2C926%2C343%2C466%2C158%2C112%2C439%2C111%2C916%2C298%2C664%2C927%2C826%2C846%2C542%2C299%2C967%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=\|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]]\|accessdate=2011-09-15}}</ref><br/>(2010) ! [[~~List of~~Daftar ~~countries~~negara bymenurut ~~GDP~~PDB (~~nominal~~KKB) per ~~capita~~kapita\|Per kapita]]<ref>{{cite web\|title=International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2011. Data for the year 2010.\|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=40&pr.y=3&sy=2009&ey=2016&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C869%2C436%2C746%2C136%2C926%2C343%2C466%2C158%2C112%2C439%2C111%2C916%2C298%2C664%2C927%2C826%2C846%2C542%2C299%2C967%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a=\|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund\|IMF]]\|accessdate=2011-09-15}}</ref><br />(2010) ! [[Mata uang]] ! [[Pemerintah]]an ! [[Bahasa Resmi]] ![[Lambang negara\|Lambang]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Anatolia]]''': \|- \|{{flag\|Turki}}<sup>1</sup> Baris 68 ⟶ 70: \| [[Ankara]] \| [[Istanbul]] \| $741.85 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $10,399 \| [[Lira Turki Baru]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer\|parlementer]] \| [[Bahasa Turki\|Turki]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Turkey.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Jazirah Arab]]''': \|- \| {{flag\|Arab Saudi}} Baris 81 ⟶ 84: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 12 \| [[Riyadh]] \| [[Riyadh]] \| $443.69 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $16,996 \| [[Riyal Saudi]] \| [[Monarki mutlak]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Saudi Arabia.svg\|65x65px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Bahrain}} Baris 93 ⟶ 97: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 1,646.1 \| [[Manama]] \| [[Manama]] \| $22.66 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $20,475 \| [[Dinar Bahrain]] \| [[Monarki konstitusional]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Bahrain.svg\|61x61px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Kuwait}} Baris 105 ⟶ 110: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 167.5 \| [[Kota Kuwait]] \| [[Kota Kuwait]] \| $131.32 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $36,412 \| [[Dinar Kuwait]] \| [[Monarki konstitusional]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Kuwait.svg\|68x68px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Oman}} Baris 117 ⟶ 123: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 9.2 \| [[Muskat]] \| [[Muskat]] \| $55.62 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $18,657 \| [[Rial Oman\|Riyal Oman]] \| [[Monarki mutlak]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:National emblem of Oman.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Qatar}} Baris 129 ⟶ 136: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 123.2 \| [[Doha]] \| [[Doha]] \| $129.49 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $76,168 \| [[Riyal Qatar]] \| [[Monarki mutlak]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Qatar.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Uni Emirat Arab}} Baris 142 ⟶ 150: \| [[Abu Dhabi]] \| [[Dubai]] \| $301.88 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $59,717 \| [[Dirham Uni Emirat Arab\|Dirham UEA]] \| [[Monarki konstitusional]]-[[Federasi]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of the United Arab Emirates.svg\|77x77px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Yaman}} Baris 153 ⟶ 162: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 44.7 \| [[Sana'a]] \| [[Sana'a]] \| $31.27 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $1,282 \| [[Rial Yaman\|Riyal Yaman]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial\|presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Yemen.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Kaukasus Selatan]]''': \|- \|{{flag\|Armenia}} Baris 167 ⟶ 177: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 108.4 \| [[Yerevan]] \| [[Yerevan]] \| $9.39 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $3,032 \| [[Dram Armenia]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial\|presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Armenia\|Armenia]] \|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Armenia.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \|{{flag\|Azerbaijan}} Baris 179 ⟶ 190: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 105.8 \| [[Baku]] \| [[Baku]] \| $62.321 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $6,832 \| [[Manat Azerbaijan]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial\|presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Azeri\|Azeri]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Azerbaijan.svg\|65x65px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Georgia}} Baris 191 ⟶ 203: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 68.1 \| [[Tbilisi]] \| [[Tbilisi]] \| $14.67 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $3,210 \| [[Lari Georgia]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem semipresidensial\|semi-presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Georgia\|Georgia]] \|[[Berkas:Greater coat of arms of Georgia.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Hilal Subur]]''': \|- \| {{flag\|Irak}} Baris 205 ⟶ 218: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 73.5 \| [[Baghdad]] \| [[Baghdad]] \| $82.15 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $2,564 \| [[Dinar Irak]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer\|parlementer]]-[[Federasi]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]], [[Bahasa Kurdi\|Kurdi]] \|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Iraq (2008).svg\|83x83px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Israel}} Baris 218 ⟶ 232: \| [[Tel Aviv]] \| [[Yerusalem]] \| $213.15 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $28,686 \| [[Shekel baru Israel]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer\|parlementer]] \| [[Bahasa Ibrani\|Ibrani~~]], [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab~~]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Israel.svg\|74x74px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Lebanon}} Baris 229 ⟶ 244: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 404 \| [[Beirut]] \| [[Beirut]] \| $39.25 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $10,044 \| [[Pound Lebanon]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem parlementer\|parlementer]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Lebanon.svg\|73x73px]] \|- \| {{flagcountry\|Palestina}} \| style="text-align:right;"\| 6,220 \| style="text-align:right;"\| {{UN_Population\|State of Palestine}} \| style="text-align:right;"\| 667 \| [[Yerusalem Timur]] \| [[Gaza]] \| $6.6 miliar \| $1,600 \| [[Dinar Yordania]], [[Pound Mesir]], [[Shekel baru Israel]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem semipresidensial\|semi-presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \| [[Berkas:Coat of arms of Palestine.svg\|77x77px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Suriah}} Baris 242 ⟶ 271: \| [[Damaskus]] \| [[Aleppo]] \| $59.33 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $2,877 \| [[Pound Suriah]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial\|presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Syria (1980–2024).svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| {{flag\|Yordania}} Baris 253 ⟶ 283: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 68.4 \| [[Amman]] \| [[Amman]] \| $27.53 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $4,500 \| [[Dinar Yordania]] \| [[Monarki konstitusional]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Jordan.svg\|79x79px]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Dataran Tinggi Iran\|Dataran tinggi Iran]]''': \|- \| {{flag\|Iran}} Baris 267 ⟶ 298: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 45 \| [[Teheran]] \| [[Teheran]] \| $357.22 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $4,741 \| [[Rial Iran]] \| [[Republik Islam]] \| [[Bahasa Persia\|Persia]] \|[[Berkas:Emblem of Iran.svg\|60x60px]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Laut Tengah]]''': \|- \| {{flag\|Siprus}} Baris 281 ⟶ 313: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 117 \| [[Nikosia]] \| [[Nikosia]] \| $23.17 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $28,237 \| [[Euro]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial\|presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Yunani\|Yunani]], [[Bahasa Turki\|Turki]] \|[[Berkas:Cyprus coat of arms 2006.svg\|61x61px]] \|- \| colspan=11"12" style="background:#eee;" \| '''[[Semenanjung Sinai]]''': \|- \| {{flag\|Mesir}} <sup>2</sup> Baris 295 ⟶ 328: \| style="text-align:right;"\| 82 \| [[Kairo]] \| [[Kairo]] \| $218.47 ~~milyar~~miliar \| $2,789 \| [[Pound Mesir]] \| [[Republik]] [[Sistem presidensial\|presidensial]] \| [[Bahasa Arab\|Arab]] \|[[Berkas:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg\|82x82px]] \|- \| colspan="1112" \| '''Notes:''' <small><sup>1</sup> Termasuk [[Trakia]] timur yang bukan merupakan bagian ~~dari [[Anatolia]].~~<br sup>2</sup> Hanya ~~<sup>2</sup> Hanya meliputi [[Semenanjung Sinai]].<br />~~ \|} ==Peta== {{Asia Barat}} ~~[[Anatolia]], [[Jazirah Arab]], [[Levant]] (Syam), dan [[Mesopotamia]] adalah bagian dari wilayah Asia Barat.~~ == Referensi == Baris 316 ⟶ 349: {{Bagiandunia}} [[Kategori:Asia Barat\| ]]▼ ~~{{Authority control}}~~ [[Kategori:Kawasan Asia]] [[Kategori:Geografi Asia Barat]] {{geo-stub}} ▲[[Kategori:Asia Barat\| ]]