Patek Philippe SA: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Patek Philippe SA''' adalah sebuah produsen jam tangan dan jam dinding mewah asal [[Swiss]] yang didirikan pada tahun 1839, di [[Kanton Jenewa]] dan [[Vallée de Joux]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/company/history#1839-1877|title=Patek Philippe {{!}} Company {{!}} History|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|website=Patek Philippe SA|language=en|access-date=2018-11-26}}</ref> Sejak tahun 1932, Patek Philippe dimiliki oleh keluarga Stern asal Swiss.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ricardogeromel/2014/04/15/time-is-money-for-luxury-watchmaker-patek-philippes-swiss-owner-and-now-billionaire-philippe-stern/|title=Luxury Watchmaker Patek Philippe's Swiss Owner Philippe Stern Now A Billionaire|last=Geromel|first=Ricardo|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> Patek Philippe merupakan salah satu produsen jam tangan tertua di dunia, dan telah membuat jam sejak pertama kali didirikan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pragnell.co.uk/pragnell-house/news/175-years-of-patek-philippe-a-big-story-in-three-chapters|title=175 years of Patek Philippe: A big story in three chapters|website=www.pragnell.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/company/the-manufacture|title=Patek Philippe {{!}} Company {{!}} The Manufacture|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|website=Patek Philippe SA|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/company/news/the-175th-anniversary|title=Patek Philippe {{!}} News {{!}} Celebrating our 175th Anniversary|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|website=Patek Philippe SA|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> Patek Philippe merancang dan memproduksi semua komponen jamnya sendiri. Perusahaan ini memiliki lebih dari 400 gerai dan lebih dari selusin [[pusat distribusi]] di [[Asia]], [[Eropa]], [[Amerika Utara]], dan [[Oseania]]. Pada tahun 2001, perusahaan ini membuka Museum Patek Philippe di [[Jenewa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/retail-service/authorized-retailers|title=Patek Philippe SA {{!}} Authorized Retailers|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|website=www.patek.com|language=en|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/retail-service/distributors|title=Patek Philippe SA {{!}} Distributors|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|website=www.patek.com|language=en|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/company/patek-philippe-museum|title=Patek Philippe {{!}} Visit the Patek Philippe Museum in Geneva|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|website=Patek Philippe SA|language=en|access-date=2018-12-21}}</ref>
[[File:Patek Philippe & Co. sign on Gran Via in Madrid, photographed in black and white.JPG|thumb|right|Patek Philippe & Co.[[Madrid]]]]
Patek Philippe pun dikenal sebagai salah satu produsen jam tangan paling bergengsi di dunia.<ref name=":14" /><ref name="Korda2004">{{citation|author=Michael Korda|title=Marking Time: Collecting Watches and Thinking about Time|date=1 January 2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9VYKILqUThQC&pg=PA71|pages=71–|publisher=Barnes & Noble Publishing|isbn=978-0-7607-3576-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.christies.com/features/5-reasons-collectors-love-Patek-Philippe-7390-1.aspx|title=5 reasons collectors love Patek Philippe {{!}} Christie's|website=www.christies.com|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/patek-philippe-art-of-watches/index.html|title=Why collectors covet Patek Philippe timepieces|last=CNN|first=Steve Dool|date=2017-07-18|website=CNN Style|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref name=":59">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/booked/2010/05/07/patek-philippe-in-america-unparalleled-luxury-that-captures-hearts—and-wrists/|title=Patek Philippe in America: Unparalleled Luxury That Captures Hearts—And Wrists|last=Clymer|first=Benjamin|website=Forbes|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> Tokoh terkenal yang memakai jam tangan buatan Patek Philippe antara lain [[Ratu Victoria]], [[Ratu Elizabeth II]], [[Paus Pius IX]], [[Marie Curie]], [[Albert Einstein]], [[John F. Kennedy]], [[Nelson Mandela]], [[Pablo Picasso]], [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Pyotr Tchaikovsky]], dan [[Leo Tolstoy]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2014/06/02/patek-philippe-watch/|title=Patek Philippe crafts its future|website=Fortune|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|url=http://patekwatch.blogspot.com/2011/06/queen-elizabeth-custom-patek-philippe.html|title=Queen Elizabeth Custom Patek Philippe Golden Ellipse...|last=Ehrlich|first=Jake|date=2012-06-04|website=...Welcome to PatekMagazine.com...Home of Jake's Patek Philippe World...|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref name=":26">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/tosv2.html?vid=&uuid=6a4a8ad0-fcf4-11e8-a1f5-3daad4fbf888&url=L25ld3MvYXJ0aWNsZXMvMjAxNy0wNy0xNC90aGUtc3dpc3Mtd2F0Y2htYWtlci1mYXZvcmVkLWJ5LWRpbWFnZ2lvLWtlbm5lZHktYW5kLXBhdHRvbg==|title=The Swiss Watchmaker Favored by DiMaggio, Kennedy, and Patton|last=|first=|date=|website=www.bloomberg.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref><ref name=":58">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/07/nelson-mandela-personal-artefacts-london-exhibition|title=Nelson Mandela's personal artefacts go on show in London|last=Addley|first=Esther|date=2019-02-07|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-02-09|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ebay.com/itm/1981-Patek-Philippe-watch-photo-Tchaikovsky-theme-vintage-print-ad-/362482325372|title=1981 Patek Philippe watch photo Tchaikovsky theme vintage print ad|website=eBay|language=en|access-date=2018-12-11}}</ref> Hingga bulan Juni 2019, diantara sepuluh jam tangan termahal yang pernah terjual di dalam pelelangan, tujuh di antaranya merupakan buatan Patek Philippe. Salah satunya [[Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication]], jam tangan mekanis paling rumit di dunia hingga tahun 1989, yang terjual seharga US$24 juta (23.237.000 [[Franc Swiss|CHF]]) di Jenewa pada tanggal 11 November 2014.<ref name=":50">{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/arieladams/2014/11/12/24000000-patek-philippe-supercomplication-pocket-watch-beats-its-own-record-at-auction/#39f2160c20dc|title=$24,000,000 Patek Philippe Supercomplication Pocket Watch Beats Its Own Record At Auction|last=Adams|first=Ariel|work=Forbes|access-date=2018-11-23|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://time.com/3578825/expensive-watch-soethbys-patek-philippe/|title=Swiss Pocket Watch Sells for Record $24 Million|website=Time|language=en|access-date=2018-11-23}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2014/important-watches-ge1404/lot.345.html|title=Patek Philippe (THE HENRY GRAVES JR. SUPERCOMPLICATION)|last=|first=|date=|website=Sotheby's|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>
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Bersama [[Franciszek Czapek]], pembuat jam tangan berkebangsaan [[Polandia]], [[Antoni Patek]] mendirikan ''Patek, Czapek & Cie'' di [[Jenewa]] pada tanggal 1 Mei 1839, dan mulai memproduksi [[jam saku]].<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.patek.com/en/company/history|title=Patek Philippe SA {{!}} History (1839 - 1877)|last=GENEVE|first=PATEK PHILIPPE SA|date=|website=www.patek.com|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref> Namun kemudian mereka berselisih paham, sehingga akhirnya perusahaan di[[likuidasi]] pada tanggal 18 April 1845.<ref name=":35">{{Cite web|url=https://static.patek.com/pdf/others/Patek_Philippe_Museum_Catalog_Preview_Volume_I.pdf|title=Patek Philippe Watches (Volume I) - Patek Philippe Museum|last=|first=|date=|website=Patek Philippe|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref><ref name=":57" /> Pada tanggal 1 Mei 1845, Czapek mendirikan ''[[Czapek & Cie]]'' bersama Juliusz Gruzewski.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://czapek.com/the-history/|title=The History|website=Czapek|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-22}}</ref> Di sisi lain, Patek juga bermitra dengan pembuat jam tangan berkebangsaan [[Prancis]], [[Adrien Philippe]], yang merupakan penemu mekanisme ''keyless work'', dan melanjutkan bisnis pembuatan jam tangan dengan mendirikan ''Patek & Cie,'' pada tanggal 15 Mei 1845''.''<ref name=":57">{{Cite web|url=https://www.officialwatches.com/patek-philippe/history/|title=PATEK PHILIPPE HISTORY|last=|first=|date=|website=Official Watches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113182244/https://www.officialwatches.com/patek-philippe/history/|archive-date=2019-01-13|access-date=|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=":22" />
Pada tanggal 1 Januari 1851, nama perusahaan diubah menjadi ''Patek, Philippe & Cie''.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":22" /> Pada tahun yang sama, [[Ratu Victoria]] membeli sebuah jam tangan buatan Patek Philippe pada ajang [[Great Exhibition]] di [[London]].<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=https://www.shreve.com/blog/part-1-patek-philippe--the-journey-to-geneva-and-the-birth-of-a-legend/|title=Part 1: Patek Philippe - The Journey to Geneva and the Birth of a Legend|website=www.shreve.com|access-date=2019-01-05|archive-date=2019-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106104317/https://www.shreve.com/blog/part-1-patek-philippe--the-journey-to-geneva-and-the-birth-of-a-legend/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Jam tangan ini dihias dengan beberapa berlian berbentuk bunga mawar, yang disusun seperti di dalam buket.<ref name=":35" /><ref name=":22" /> Ratu juga memiliki jam eksklusif buatan Patek Philippe, yang dapat dipasang di pakaian. Jam ini ditahan oleh sebuah [[berlian]] dan [[bros]] enamel.<ref name="PPHOMEPAGETIMELINE">Cf. [http://www.patek.ch/contents/default/en/timeline.html Patek Philippe website official history timeline]</ref><ref name="PPROYALTY2005">[http://www.patek.com/contents/default/en/library.html ''Timepieces for Royalty – 1850-1910 by Patek Philippe''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614173949/http://www.patek.com/contents/default/en/library.html |date=2017-06-14 }}, Geneva : Patek Philippe Museum, 2005.</ref> Pada tahun 1868, Patek Philippe membuat jam tangan Swiss pertama untuk Countess Koscowicz asal [[Hungaria]].<ref name=":8" />
Pada bulan Maret 1877, Antoni Patek meninggal pada usia 65 tahun, namun anak tunggalnya, Léon Mecyslas Vincent, tidak mau melanjutkan bisnis ini.<ref name=":35" /><ref name=":23">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pragnell.co.uk/pragnell-house/news/175-years-of-patek-philippe-a-big-story-in-three-chapters|title=175 years of Patek Philippe: A big story in three chapters|website=www.pragnell.co.uk|language=en|access-date=2019-01-07}}</ref> Sehingga Joseph Antoine Bénassy-Philippe, salah satu menantu Adrien Philippe's, menggantikan peran Antoni Patek.<ref name=":23" /> Pada tahun 1887, ''Calatrava Cross'' resmi didaftarkan sebagai logo Patek Philippe.<ref name=":37">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hautehorlogerie.org/en/brands/brand/h/patek-philippe/|title=Patek Philippe|last=|first=|date=|website=www.hautehorlogerie.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-01-05}}</ref> Pada tahun 1891, Adrien Philippe menyerahkan jabatannya kepada anak terakhirnya, Joseph Emile Philippe, bersama Francois Antoine Conty.<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":24">{{Cite web|url=http://www.brittons-watches.co.uk/watches_patek_history.htm|title=Patek Phillipe - A Brief History|last=|first=|date=|website=www.brittons-watches.co.uk|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-01-07}}</ref> Adrien Philippe kemudian meninggal pada bulan Januari 1894.<ref name=":24" />
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Pada tahun 1993, Philippe Stern, anak Henry Stern, menjadi presiden Patek Philippe.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=autogenerated1 /> Ia pun menginisiasi penerbitan ''Majalah Patek Philippe'' pada 1996, yang ditujukan untuk para pemilik jam Patek Philippe dan telah menerima kontribusi dari beberapa penulis terkemuka, termasuk peraih [[Penghargaan Nobel Kesusastraan]], [[Gao Xingjian]] dan [[José Saramago]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fhs.swiss/eng/2017_01_12_02_Patek.html|title=The "Generations" ad campaign is twenty years old|last=|first=|date=|website=Federation of the Swiss watch industry FH|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-02-25}}</ref> Pada tahun 2009, anak Philippe Stern, Thierry Stern, mengambil alih bisnis ini dari ayahnya mulai tahun 2010.<ref name="KPMG">[[KPMG]], [http://www.kpmg.com.cn/en/virtual_library/Consumer_markets/Consumer_Currents/CC0805.pdf "Standing the Test of Time"], pp.16-18, in ''Consumer Currents'', Issue 5, 2008, [[KPMG|KPMG International]]</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.prestigemag.co/2016/07/thierry-stern/|title=Thierry Stern - Prestige Magazine|date=2016-07-12|newspaper=Prestige Magazine|access-date=2017-02-06|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://robbreport.com/Watches/Patek-Philippe|title=Robb Report}}</ref> Pada tahun 2010, Patek Phillipe berhasil memproduksi 40.000 jam, dan menurut Thierry Stern, mereka berhasil memproduksi 58.000 jam pada tahun 2017.<ref name="KPMG" /><ref name=":56">{{Cite web|url=https://journal.hautehorlogerie.org/en/thierry-stern-you-have-to-innovate-otherwise-you-die/|title=Thierry Stern : "You have to innovate, otherwise you die" – FHH Journal|website=journal.hautehorlogerie.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-30}}</ref> Pada tahun 2018, jumlah produksi Patek Philippe mencapai 62.000, dan untuk menjaga kualitas dan ekslusifitas, Patek Philippe memutuskan untuk kedepannya mengurangi produksi antara 1-3% tiap tahun.<ref name="Reuters">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-swiss-watches-idUSKCN1R22CK|title=Swiss watchmakers say slowing growth in China won't hurt sales this...|date=2019-03-21|work=Reuters|access-date=2019-03-23|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-swiss-watches-patek-idUKKCN1MS26M|title=Swiss watchmaker Patek Philippe says Chinese demand still rising|date=2018-10-18|work=Reuters|access-date=2018-12-11|language=en}}</ref> Saat ini, Patek Philippe merupakan anggota aktif dari [[Federasi Industri Jam Tangan Swiss FH]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fhs.swiss/eng/watch_brands.html?letter=P|title=Our brands|last=|first=|date=|website=Federation of the Swiss watch industry|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>
Sejak dekade 2000-an, jam tangan Patek Philippe telah dijual dengan harga mahal di pelelangan. Hingga tahun 2018, di antara sepuluh jam tangan termahal yang pernah terjual di pelelangan, tujuh merupakan buatan Patek Philippe, dan di antara 58 jam tangan termahal yang pernah terjual di pelelangan, 46 merupakan buatan Patek Philippe. Patek Philippe pun ikut dalam pelelangan semacam ini, karena mereka juga terus mencari jam tangan baru untuk dipamerkan di Museum Patek Philippe di Jenewa.<ref name="PPWSJ2010">Clerizo, Michael, [http://magazine.wsj.com/gatherer/how-much-is-it-worth/time-honored/ "Watch Auctions: Time Honored: With their mystique, brands like Patek Philippe can command hundreds of thousands of dollars at watch auctions"], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', April 29, 2010</ref><ref name="PPWSJ2007">Frank, Robert, [https://blogs.wsj.com/wealth/2007/10/08/all-that-glitters-may-not-be-gold/ "All That Glitters May Not Be Gold"], ''The Wall Street Journal'', October 8, 2007</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patek.ch/contents/default/en/museum.html|title=PATEK PHILIPPE SA - Welcome to Our Official Website|author=Patek Philippe SA|publisher=|accessdate=24 May 2016|archive-date=2012-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208202312/http://www.patek.ch/contents/default/en/museum.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
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== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* [http://www.patek.com/contents/default/en/library.html Library of reference books on Patek Philippe watches and company] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614173949/http://www.patek.com/contents/default/en/library.html |date=2017-06-14 }} - Patek Philippe website
* Kepa, Marek, [http://culture.pl/en/article/watches-for-royalty "Watches for Royalty"], ''Culture.pl'', July 27, 2015
* Liu, Ming, [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/18/fashion/watches-patek-philippe.html?hpw&rref=fashion&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region®ion=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0 "At Patek Philippe, 'the D.N.A. Comes In'"], ''The New York Times'', March 17, 2016
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