Misinformasi ini dapat berupa distorsi atau penghilangan data ilmiah. Ia juga dapat mencakup klaim palsu tentang upaya mendukung aksi iklim yang sebenarnya bertentangan dengan pemahaman ilmiah yang telah mapan. Konten semacam ini sering disebarluaskan melalui platform media sosial dan mesin pencari, dan kerap kali ditargetkan kepada pengguna tertentu melalui algoritma.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Editor|first=UNCS News|date=2022-11-03|title=Climate misinformation: Stalling action and fuelling divisions|url=https://unclimatesummit.org/climate-misinformation-stalling-action-and-fuelling-divisions/|website=UN Climate Summit News - COP29|language=en-GB|access-date=2024-12-20}}</ref>
Terdapat kesepakatan ilmiahkonsensus di antara ilmuwan iklim bahwa aktivitas manusia menyebabkanadalah penyebab pemanasan global.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Cook|first=John|last2=Oreskes|first2=Naomi|last3=Doran|first3=Peter T|last4=Anderegg|first4=William R L|last5=Verheggen|first5=Bart|last6=Maibach|first6=Ed W|last7=Carlton|first7=J Stuart|last8=Lewandowsky|first8=Stephan|last9=Skuce|first9=Andrew G|date=2016-04-01|title=Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming|url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002|journal=Environmental Research Letters|volume=11|issue=4|pages=048002|doi=10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/048002|issn=1748-9326}}</ref> Temuan ini telah berulang kali dibuktikan dalam banyak penelitian berkualitas tinggi selama sepuluh tahun terakhir.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Anderegg|first=William R. L.|last2=Prall|first2=James W.|last3=Harold|first3=Jacob|last4=Schneider|first4=Stephen H.|date=2010-07-06|title=Expert credibility in climate change|url=https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1003187107|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=107|issue=27|pages=12107–12109|doi=10.1073/pnas.1003187107|pmc=PMC2901439|pmid=20566872}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Carlton|first=J S|last2=Perry-Hill|first2=Rebecca|last3=Huber|first3=Matthew|last4=Prokopy|first4=Linda S|date=2015-09-01|title=The climate change consensus extends beyond climate scientists|url=https://validate.perfdrive.com/9730847aceed30627ebd520e46ee70b2/?ssa=6af7af5c-55df-48da-ac65-ec3c9c6535bf&ssb=81817225467&ssc=https%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2Farticle%2F10.1088%2F1748-9326%2F10%2F9%2F094025&ssi=69a30a17-cnvj-43dc-bde8-abc4cd0d9520&ssk=botmanager_support@radware.com&ssm=58200345273264345104700965153341&ssn=c9e0a06cbab0805af0ee8d5c7e0fc284868089b4a03a-1577-4d7b-946fbe&sso=928e3b8a-138c2deb6a1c52cd96e848fdcb95b35c6b2e0206370c6280&ssp=70791274841734679754173464945977788&ssq=74929928202251028734482022559496318005447&ssr=MjA4LjgwLjE1My4xMDk=&sst=Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/110.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Citoid/WMF (mailto:noc@wikimedia.org)&ssu=&ssv=&ssw=&ssx=eyJyZCI6ImlvcC5vcmciLCJfX3V6bWYiOiI3ZjYwMDA1ZmMxMGI0YS0wNjAyLTQ2N2ItOTc5YS1mMmY2ZjYwMTBiMTIxNzM0NjgyMDIyNzgzMC0yOWEyZTQyODUyYmQxZjQwMTAiLCJ1em14IjoiN2Y5MDAwYmMzN2E5OWMtYTdkNi00NTIzLWIxM2EtZTlhZDJhNTZiMDkyMS0xNzM0NjgyMDIyNzgzMC1lYjVlY2VhNDM2ZmU3MTAxMTAifQ==|journal=Environmental Research Letters|volume=10|issue=9|pages=094025|doi=10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094025|issn=1748-9326}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Doran|first=Peter T.|last2=Zimmerman|first2=Maggie Kendall|date=2009|title=Examining the Scientific Consensus on Climate Change|url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009EO030002|journal=Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union|language=en|volume=90|issue=3|pages=22–23|doi=10.1029/2009EO030002|issn=2324-9250}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Oreskes|first=Naomi|date=2004-12-03|title=The Scientific Consensus on Climate Change|url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1103618|journal=Science|volume=306|issue=5702|pages=1686–1686|doi=10.1126/science.1103618}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Stenhouse|first=Neil|last2=Harper|first2=Allison|last3=Cai|first3=Xiaomei|last4=Cobb|first4=Sara|last5=Nicotera|first5=Anne|last6=Maibach|first6=Edward|date=2017-02-01|title=Conflict about Climate Change at the American Meteorological Society: Meteorologists’ Views on a Scientific and Organizational Controversy|url=https://journals.ametsoc.org:443/view/journals/bams/98/2/bams-d-15-00265.1.xml|journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society|language=EN|volume=98|issue=2|pages=219–223|doi=10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00265.1|issn=0003-0007}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Verheggen|first=Bart|last2=Strengers|first2=Bart|last3=Cook|first3=John|last4=van Dorland|first4=Rob|last5=Vringer|first5=Kees|last6=Peters|first6=Jeroen|last7=Visser|first7=Hans|last8=Meyer|first8=Leo|date=2014-08-19|title=Scientists’ Views about Attribution of Global Warming|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es501998e|journal=Environmental Science & Technology|volume=48|issue=16|pages=8963–8971|doi=10.1021/es501998e|issn=0013-936X}}</ref> Penelitian-penelitian ini juga menunjukkan hubungan yang erat antara keahlian dalam ilmu iklim dan kesepakatan tentang perubahan iklim yang disebabkan oleh manusia.<ref name=":0" /> (Di antara beragam teknik misinformasi perubahan iklim yang digunakan, teknik yang paling lazim adalah menabur keraguan terhadap konsensus ilmiah.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sherry|first=Thomas W.|date=2011-04-01|title=Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming|url=https://academic.oup.com/auk/article/128/2/435/5148675|journal=The Auk|volume=128|issue=2|pages=435–436|doi=10.1525/auk.2011.128.2.435|issn=1938-4254}}</ref>
Meskipun efektivitasnya terbatas, pendekatan "membongkar" (''debunking'') masih merupakan strategi yang paling umum digunakan untuk memerangi misinformasi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Rise of Fact-Checking Sites in Europe {{!}} Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism|url=https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/rise-fact-checking-sites-europe|website=reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk|language=en|doi=10.60625/risj-tdn4-p140|access-date=2024-12-20}}</ref> Akan tetapi, penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan yang lebih menjanjikan adalah membangun ketahanan terhadap misinformasi sebelum terpapar. Strategi proaktif ini dikenal sebagai "[[Intervensi inokulasi|inokulasi]]" atau "''prebunking''".<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cook|first=John|last2=Lewandowsky|first2=Stephan|last3=Ecker|first3=Ullrich K. H.|date=5 Mei 2017|title=Neutralizing misinformation through inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence|url=https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0175799|journal=PLOS ONE|language=en|volume=12|issue=5|pages=e0175799|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0175799|issn=1932-6203|pmc=PMC5419564|pmid=28475576}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=van der Linden|first=Sander|date=2024-01-01|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0065260123000266|title=Chapter One - Countering misinformation through psychological inoculation|publisher=Academic Press|editor-last=Gawronski|editor-first=Bertram|series=Advances in Experimental Social Psychology|volume=69|pages=1–58|doi=10.1016/bs.aesp.2023.11.001}}</ref>
