Baku hantam perbatasan Tiongkok–India 2020: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Revisi per 20 Juni 2020 12.12 sunting Pierrewee (bicara \| kontrib) Pengurus 43.019 suntingan rev ref ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi terkini sejak 20 Desember 2024 10.42 sunting balikkan CommonsDelinker (bicara \| kontrib) Pengguna terkonfirmasi, Pengecualian blokir IP, Peninjau 54.461 suntingan Mengganti Indian_Armed_Forces.svg dengan Flag_of_Indian_Armed_Forces.svg (berkas dipindahkan oleh CommonsDelinker; alasan: File renamed: Criterion 3)
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Baris 1: {{Infobox military conflict \| conflict = ~~Konflik~~Baku hantam perbatasan Tiongkok–India \| partof = [[Sengketa perbatasan Tiongkok-India]] \| caption = Peta CIA Kashmir dengan lingkaran merah menandai lokasi kasar konflik di dekat Lembah Galwan (atas), pos pemeriksaan Sumber Air Panas (tengah), dan Pangong Tso (bawah). \| caption = A [[Survey of India]] map cropped to Ladakh area. Red ink marks depict the rough location of [[Daulat Beg Oldi]] Road (near the top) and [[Pangong Tso]] (near the bottom), two of the areas Chinese and Indian troops have skirmished over. Note the border in this map shows Indian claims instead of the [[Line of Actual Control]]. \| image_size = 250px \| image = ~~Survey of India Road Map Cropped.jpg~~ \| date = 5 ~~May~~Mei 2020 – ''~~present~~sekarang'' \| place = [[~~Line~~Garis ofKontrol ~~Actual Control~~Aktual]] (LAC), ~~Indian~~perbatasan Tiongkok-~~Chinese border~~India \| width = 400px \| result = Baris 13: \| combatant1 = {{flag\|India}} \| combatant2 = {{flag\|Tiongkok}} \| units1 = {{flagicon image\|~~Armed~~Flag ~~forces~~of ~~flag~~Indian Armed Forces.~~png~~svg}} [[~~Indian~~Angkatan ~~Armed~~Bersenjata ~~Forces~~India]] {{army\|India}} {{flagicon image\|IA Northern Command.jpg\|border=}} [[~~Northern~~Komando ~~Command~~Utara (India)\|~~Northern~~Komando ~~Command~~Utara]] [[Korps XIV ~~Corps~~ (India)\|~~XIV~~Korps ~~Corps~~XIV]] *~~3rd~~Divisi ~~Infantry~~Infanteri ~~Division~~ke-3 {{air force\|India}} *{{flagicon image<!--\|WAC_Crest~~.jpg~~\|border=-->}} [[~~Western~~Komando ~~Air~~Udara ~~Command~~Barat (India)\|~~Western~~Komando ~~Air~~Udara ~~Command~~Barat]] {{flagicon image~~\|Indo-Tibetan_Border_Police_Logo.png\|border=~~}} [[~~Indo-Tibetan~~Polisi ~~Border~~Perbatasan ~~Police~~India-Tibet]] ~~\| units2 = {{armed forces\|China}}~~ {{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[People's Liberation Army Ground Force\|PLA Ground Force]]▼ * {{Flagicon image\|Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[People's Liberation Army Air Force\|PLA Air Force]]▼ {{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Western Theater Command]]▼ \| commander1 = {{flagdeco\|India}} [[Ram Nath Kovind]] <br> ([[President of India]])<br>{{flagdeco\|India}} [[Narendra Modi]] <br>([[Prime Minister of India]])<br>{{flagdeco\|India}} [[Rajnath Singh]] ([[Minister of Defence (India)\|Defence Minister of India]])<br>▼ \| units2 = {{flagicon image\|Flag of the People's Liberation Army.svg}} [[Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat]] {{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Chief_of_Defence_Staff_(India).svg\|size=30px}} [[General (India)\|Gen]] [[Bipin Rawat]]<br>([[Chief of Defence Staff (India)\|Chief of Defence Staff]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_COAS.svg\|size=30px}} [[General (India)\|Gen]] [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]]<br>([[Chief of the Army Staff (India)\|Chief of the Army Staff]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_the_Chief_of_Air_Staff_and_Air_Chief_Marshal_of_the_Indian_Air_Force.svg\|size=30px}} [[Air Chief Marshal (India)\|ACM]] [[Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria]]<br>([[Chief of the Air Staff (India)\|Chief of the Air Staff]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=30px}} [[Lieutenant General (India)\|Lt Gen]] [[Yogesh Kumar Joshi]]<br>(GOC-in-C, [[Northern Command (India)\|Northern Command]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Air_Force_Ensign_of_India.svg\|size=30px}} [[Air Marshal (India)\|AM]] [[Balakrishnan Suresh]]<br>(AOC-in-C, [[Western Air Command (India)\|Western Air Command]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=30px}} [[Lieutenant General (India)\|Lt Gen]] Harinder Singh<br> (GOC, [[XIV Corps (India)\|XIV Corps]])<ref name="HT_Galwan_defuse"/><br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=30px}} [[Major general\|Maj Gen]] Abhijit Bapat<br> (GOC, 3rd Infantry Division)<ref>{{cite news \|title=Galwan Valley: Indian, Chinese diplomats to hold video-conference soon\|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/galwan-valley-indian-chinese-diplomats-to-hold-video-conference-soon-851144.html\|author=Anirban Bhaumik\|date=18 June 2020 \|work=Deccan Herald \|access-date=18 June 2020}}</ref><br>{{Flagicon image\|Air_Force_Ensign_of_India.svg\|size=30px}} [[Air commodore\|Air Cdre.]] Subroto Kundu<br>(AOC Leh)<ref>{{cite news \|title=IGP Ladakh reviews security arrangements\|url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/igp-ladakh-reviews-security-arrangements/\|date=9 April 2020 \|work=Daily Excelsior \|access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref><br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=30px}} [[Colonel (India)\|Col]] Vijay Rana ([[Wounded in Action\|WIA]])<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/pla-death-squads-hunted-down-indian-troops-in-galwan-in-savage-execution-spree-say-survivors-2673347.html\|title=PLA Death Squads Hunted Down Indian Troops in Galwan in Savage Execution Spree, Say Survivors\|work=[[News18 India]]}}</ref><br>(C.O. 11 [[Mahar Regiment]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=30px}} [[Colonel (India)\|Col]] Santosh Babu ([[Killed in Action\|KIA]])<ref name="Asianews">{{cite web\|url=https://asianews.press/2020/06/16/india-chinese-troops-face-off-at-eastern-ladakh-india-army-officer-killed/amp/\|title=India, Chinese troops face-off at eastern Ladakh; casualties on both sides\|access-date=17 June 2020\|date=16 June 2020}}</ref><br>(C.O. 16 [[Bihar Regiment]]) ▲ {{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[~~Western~~Angkatan ~~Theater~~Darat ~~Command~~Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat\|AD TPR]] \| commander2 = {{flagdeco\|China}} [[Xi Jinping]]<br>([[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China\|CCP General Secretary]], [[President of the People's Republic of China\|President]] and [[Chairman of the Central Military Commission\|CMC chairman]]){{efn\|Xi Jinping is holding the positions of [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China\|General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP), [[Chairman of the Central Military Commission\|Chairman]] of the [[Central Military Commission (China)\|Central Military Commission]] (CMC) and [[President of the People's Republic of China\|Chinese President]], making him the [[Paramount leader]] of China. However, the Chinese President is a largely [[Figurehead\|ceremonial office]] with limited power and not the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces.<ref name="xi's titles">{{Cite web\|title=Party Congress Reshuffle Strengthens Xi's Hold on Central Military Commission\|url=https://jamestown.org/program/party-congress-reshuffle-strengthens-xis-hold-central-military-commission/\|date=26 February 2018\|publisher=[[The Jamestown Foundation]]\|first=Nan\|last=Li\|access-date=27 May 2020\|quote=Xi Jinping has introduced major institutional changes to strengthen his control of the PLA in his roles as Party leader and chair of the Central Military Commission (CMC)...\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026020506/https://jamestown.org/program/party-congress-reshuffle-strengthens-xis-hold-central-military-commission/\|archive-date=26 October 2019\|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>{{flagdeco\|China}} [[Li Keqiang]]<br>([[Premier of the People's Republic of China\|Premier of China]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (rank)\|Gen.]] [[Wei Fenghe]]<br>([[Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China\|Minister of National Defense]])▼ ▲* {{Flagicon image\|Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[~~People's~~Angkatan ~~Liberation~~Udara ~~Army~~Tentara ~~Air~~Pembebasan ~~Force~~Rakyat\|~~PLA~~AU ~~Air Force~~TPR]] ▲** {{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[~~People's~~Komando ~~Liberation~~Palagan ~~Army Ground Force\|PLA Ground Force~~Barat]] ▲\| commander1 = {{flagdeco\|India}} [[Ram Nath Kovind]] <br> ([[~~President of~~Presiden India]])<br>{{flagdeco\|India}} [[Narendra Modi]] <br>([[~~Prime~~Perdana ~~Minister of~~Menteri India]])<br>{{flagdeco\|India}} [[Rajnath Singh]] ([[~~Minister~~Menteri ~~of Defence~~Pertahanan (India)\|~~Defence~~Menteri ~~Minister of~~Pertahanan India]])~~<br>~~ {{Flagicon image\|~~Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_of_Chief_of_Defence_Staff_(India).svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Jenderal (~~rank~~India)\|~~Air Force Gen~~Jend.]] [[XuBipin ~~Qiliang~~Rawat]]<br>([[~~Vice~~Kepala ~~Chairman~~Staf ofPertahanan ~~the~~(India)\|Kepala ~~Central~~Staf ~~Military Commission\|CMC vice-chairman~~Pertahanan]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|~~Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_COAS.svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Jenderal (~~rank~~India)\|~~Gen~~Jend.]] [[~~Zhang~~Manoj Mukund ~~Youxia~~Naravane]]<br>([[~~Vice~~Kepala ~~Chairman~~Staf ofAngkatan ~~the~~Darat ~~Central~~(India)\|Kepala ~~Military~~Staf ~~Commission\|CMC~~Angkatan ~~vice-chairman~~Darat]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|~~Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_of_the_Chief_of_Air_Staff_and_Air_Chief_Marshal_of_the_Indian_Air_Force.svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Kepala Marsekal Udara (~~rank~~India)\|~~Gen.~~ACM]] [[LiRakesh Kumar Singh ~~Zuocheng~~Bhadauria]]<br>([[~~Joint~~Kepala ~~Staff~~Staf ~~Department~~Udara ~~of the Central Military Commission~~(India)\|~~Chief of the CMC~~Kepala ~~Joint~~Staf ~~Staff~~Udara]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|~~Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Letnan Jenderal (~~rank~~India)\|~~Gen.~~Letjen]] [[~~Han~~Yogesh ~~Weiguo~~Kumar Joshi]]<br>(~~Commander~~GOC-in-C, [[~~People's~~Komando ~~Liberation~~Utara ~~Army Ground Force~~(India)\|~~PLA~~Komando ~~Ground Force~~Utara]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Air Force ~~Flag~~Ensign of ~~the~~India ~~People's Republic of China~~(1950–2023).svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Marsekal Udara (~~rank~~India)\|~~Air Force Gen.~~AM]] [[~~Ding~~Balakrishnan ~~Laihang~~Suresh]]<br>(~~Commander~~AOC-in-C, [[~~People's~~Komando ~~Liberation~~Udara ~~Army~~Barat ~~Ground Force~~(India)\|~~PLA~~Komando ~~Air~~Udara ~~Force~~Barat]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|~~Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Letnan Jenderal (~~rank~~India)\|~~Gen.~~Letjen]] ~~[[Zhao~~Harinder ~~Zongqi]]~~Singh<br> (~~Commander~~GOC, ~~PLA~~ [[~~Western~~Korps ~~Theater~~XIV ~~Command~~(India)\|Korps XIV]])<ref name="~~Chinese_generals~~HT_Galwan_defuse"/><br>{{Flagicon image\|Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=30px}} [[Major general\|Mayjen]] Abhijit Bapat<br> (GOC, Divisi Infanteri ke-3)<ref>{{cite news \|title=~~The~~Galwan ~~Chinese~~Valley: ~~generals~~Indian, ~~involved~~Chinese indiplomats ~~Ladakh~~to ~~standoff~~hold video-conference soon\|url=https://www.~~rediff~~deccanherald.com/~~news~~national/~~special/the~~galwan-valley-indian-chinese-~~generals~~diplomats-~~involved~~to-inhold-~~ladakh~~video-~~standoff~~conference-~~/20200613~~soon-851144.~~htm~~html\|author=Anirban Bhaumik\|date=1318 June 2020 \|work=~~Rediff.com~~Deccan Herald \|access-date=1918 June 2020}}</ref><br/>{{Flagicon image\|Air Force ~~Flag~~Ensign of ~~the~~India ~~People's Republic of China~~(1950–2023).svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Komodor ~~(rank)~~udara\|~~Air~~Komodor ~~Force Lt. Gen.~~Udara]] ~~Wang~~Subroto ~~Qiang~~Kundu<br>(~~Deputy~~AOC ~~Commander,~~Leh)<ref>{{cite ~~PLA~~news ~~[[Western~~\|title=IGP ~~Theater~~Ladakh ~~Command]]~~reviews ~~and~~security ~~Commander,~~arrangements\|url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/igp-ladakh-reviews-security-arrangements/\|date=9 ~~PLA~~April ~~Air~~2020 ~~Force~~\|work=Daily ~~[[Western~~Excelsior ~~Theater~~\|access-date=19 ~~Command]])<ref~~June ~~name="Chinese_generals"~~2020}}</ref><br/>{{Flagicon image\|~~Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Kolonel (~~rank~~India)\|~~Lt. Gen.~~Kol]] XuVijay ~~Qiling~~Rana ([[Terluka dalam tugas\|WIA]])<brref>~~(Commander,~~{{cite web\|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/pla-death-squads-hunted-down-indian-troops-in-galwan-in-savage-execution-spree-say-survivors-2673347.html\|title=PLA ~~Ground~~Death ~~Force~~Squads Hunted Down Indian Troops in Galwan in Savage Execution Spree, Say Survivors\|work=[[~~Western Theater~~News18 ~~Command~~India]])}}</ref ~~name="Chinese_generals"/~~><br/>(C.O. 11 [[Resimen Mahar]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|~~Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China~~Flag_of_Indian_Army.svg\|size=~~24px~~30px}} [[~~Jiang~~Kolonel (~~rank~~India)\|~~Maj. Gen.~~Kol]] ~~Liu~~Santosh ~~Lin<br>(Commander, PLA Ground Force~~Babu ([[~~South~~Gugur ~~Xinjiang~~dalam tugas\|KIA]] ~~Military District~~)<ref name="~~Chinese_generals"/><ref name="HT_Galwan_defuse~~Asianews">{{cite ~~news~~ web\|url=https://asianews.press/2020/06/16/india-chinese-troops-face-off-at-eastern-ladakh-india-army-officer-killed/amp/\|title=~~Galwan~~India, ~~Valley~~Chinese troops face-off: ~~Indian,~~at ~~Chinese~~eastern ~~military~~Ladakh; ~~officials~~casualties ~~meet~~on toboth ~~defuse~~sides\|access-date=17 ~~tension~~June 2020\|date=16 June 2020\|archive-date=2020-06-16\|archive-url=https://~~www~~web.~~hindustantimes~~archive.~~com~~org/web/20200616102909/https://asianews.press/2020/06/16/india-~~news/galwan~~chinese-~~valley~~troops-face-off-~~indian~~at-~~chinese~~eastern-~~military~~ladakh-~~officials~~india-~~meet~~army-toofficer-~~defuse-tension~~killed/amp/~~story-WPBzxRcYshSE51gGPPzTeM.html~~\|~~date=18 June 2020 \|work=Hindustan Times \|access~~dead-~~date~~url=~~18 June 2020~~yes}}</ref><br>(C.O. 16 [[Resimen Bihar]]) ▲\| commander2 = {{flagdeco\|China}} [[Xi Jinping]]<br>([[~~General~~Sekretaris ~~Secretary~~Jenderal ofPartai ~~the~~Komunis ~~Communist Party of China~~Tiongkok\|~~CCP~~Sekjen ~~General Secretary~~PKT]], [[~~President~~Presiden ofRepublik ~~the~~Rakyat ~~People's Republic of China~~Tiongkok\|~~President~~Presiden]], ~~and~~dan [[~~Chairman~~Ketua ofKomisi ~~the~~Militer ~~Central Military Commission~~Pusat\|~~CMC~~Ketua ~~chairman~~KMP]]){{efn\|Xi Jinping is holding the positions of [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China\|General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP), [[Chairman of the Central Military Commission\|Chairman]] of the [[Central Military Commission (China)\|Central Military Commission]] (CMC) and [[President of the People's Republic of China\|Chinese President]], making him the [[Paramount leader]] of China. However, the Chinese President is a largely [[Figurehead\|ceremonial office]] with limited power and not the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces.<ref name="xi's titles">{{Cite web\|title=Party Congress Reshuffle Strengthens Xi's Hold on Central Military Commission\|url=https://jamestown.org/program/party-congress-reshuffle-strengthens-xis-hold-central-military-commission/\|date=26 February 2018\|publisher=[[The Jamestown Foundation]]\|first=Nan\|last=Li\|access-date=27 May 2020\|quote=Xi Jinping has introduced major institutional changes to strengthen his control of the PLA in his roles as Party leader and chair of the Central Military Commission (CMC)...\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026020506/https://jamestown.org/program/party-congress-reshuffle-strengthens-xis-hold-central-military-commission/\|archive-date=26 October 2019\|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>{{flagdeco\|China}} [[Li Keqiang]]<br>([[~~Premier~~Perdana ofMenteri ~~the~~Republik ~~People's~~Rakyat ~~Republic of China~~Tiongkok\|~~Premier~~PM ~~of China~~Tiongkok]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (rank)\|~~Gen~~Jend.]] [[Wei Fenghe]]<br>([[~~Ministry~~Menteri ofPertahanan ~~National~~Nasional ~~Defense~~Republik ofRakyat ~~the People's Republic of China~~Tiongkok\|~~Minister of~~Menteri ~~National~~Pertahanan ~~Defense~~Nasional]]) \| casualties1 = '''Indian sources:''' <br>▼ 20 killed (15 June)<ref name="20soldiers">{{cite news \|title=India says 20 soldiers killed on disputed Himalayan border with China \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/16/india-says-soldiers-killed-on-disputed-himalayan-border-with-china \|author=Michael Safi and Hannah Ellis-Petersen \|date=16 June 2020 \|access-date=16 June 2020}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite news\|last=Haidar\|first=Suhasini\|last2=Peri\|first2=Dinakar\|date=18 June 2020\|title=Ladakh face-off {{!}} Days after clash, China frees 10 Indian soldiers\|language=en-IN\|work=The Hindu\|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ladakh-face-off-days-after-clash-china-frees-10-indian-soldiers/article31863845.ece\|access-date=19 June 2020\|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br>4 injured (10 May)<ref>{{cite \|title=India, China skirmishes in Ladakh, Sikkim; many hurt \|work=The Tribune\|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/india-china-skirmishes-in-ladakh-sikkim-many-hurt-83125\|date=10 May 2020}}</ref>▼ {{Flagicon image\|Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Jend. AU]] [[Xu Qiliang]]<br>([[Wakil Ketua Komisi Militer Pusat\|Wakil Ketua KMP]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Jend.]] [[Zhang Youxia]]<br>([[Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission\|CMC vice-chairman]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Jend.]] [[Li Zuocheng]]<br>([[Departemen Staf Gabungan Komisi Militer Pusat\|Kepala Staf Gabungan KMP]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Jend.]] [[Han Weiguo]]<br>(Komandan, [[Angkatan Darat Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat\|AD TPR]])<br/>{{Flagicon image\|Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Jenderal AU]] [[Ding Laihang]]<br>(Komandan, [[Angkatan Udara Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat\|AU TPR]])<br>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Jend.]] [[Zhao Zongqi]]<br>(Komandan, [[Komando Palagan Barat]] TPR)<ref name="Chinese_generals">{{cite news \|title=The Chinese generals involved in Ladakh standoff \|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/special/the-chinese-generals-involved-in-ladakh-standoff-/20200613.htm\|date=13 June 2020 \|work=Rediff.com \|access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref><br/>{{Flagicon image\|Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Letjen AU]] Wang Qiang<br>(Deputi Komando, [[Komando Palagan Barat]] TPR dan Komandan, [[Komando Palagan Barat]] AU TPR)<ref name="Chinese_generals"/><br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Letjen]] Xu Qiling<br>(Komandan, [[Komando Palagan Barat]] AD TPR)<ref name="Chinese_generals"/><br/>{{Flagicon image\|Ground Force Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg\|size=24px}} [[Jiang (pangkat)\|Mayjen]] Liu Lin<br>(Komandan, Distrik Militer [[Xinjiang Selatan]] AD TPR)<ref name="HT_Galwan_defuse">{{cite news \|title=Galwan Valley face-off: Indian, Chinese military officials meet to defuse tension \|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/galwan-valley-face-off-indian-chinese-military-officials-meet-to-defuse-tension/story-WPBzxRcYshSE51gGPPzTeM.html\|date=18 June 2020 \|work=Hindustan Times \|access-date=18 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="Chinese_generals"/> \| casualties2 = '''Indian sources:'''<br>43 casualties (15 June)<ref name="43 casualties">{{cite news \|title=China suffered 43 casualties during face-off with India in Ladakh: Report \|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/india-china-face-off-ladakh-lac-chinese-casualties-pla-1689714-2020-06-16 \|accessdate=17 June 2020 \|work=[[India Today]] \|date=16 June 2020}}</ref>▼ ▲\| casualties1 = '''~~Indian~~Sumber ~~sources~~India:''' <br> <br>7 injured (10 May)<ref name="CNN">{{cite news \|title=Chinese and Indian soldiers engage in 'aggressive' cross-border skirmish \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/11/asia/china-india-border-dispute-intl-hnk/index.html \|author1=Vedika Sud \|author2=Ben Westcott \|date=11 May 2020 \|publisher=[[CNN]] \|access-date=12 May 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512041538/https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/11/asia/china-india-border-dispute-intl-hnk/index.html \|archive-date=12 May 2020 \|url-status=live }}</ref><br>▼ ▲20 ~~killed~~tewas (15 ~~June~~Juni)<ref name="20soldiers">{{cite news \|title=India says 20 soldiers killed on disputed Himalayan border with China \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/16/india-says-soldiers-killed-on-disputed-himalayan-border-with-china \|author=Michael Safi and Hannah Ellis-Petersen \|date=16 June 2020 \|access-date=16 June 2020}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{Cite news\|last=Haidar\|first=Suhasini\|last2=Peri\|first2=Dinakar\|date=18 June 2020\|title=Ladakh face-off {{!}} Days after clash, China frees 10 Indian soldiers\|language=en-IN\|work=The Hindu\|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ladakh-face-off-days-after-clash-china-frees-10-indian-soldiers/article31863845.ece\|access-date=19 June 2020\|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><br>4 ~~injured~~terluka (10 ~~May~~Mei)<ref>{{cite \|title=India, China skirmishes in Ladakh, Sikkim; many hurt \|work=The Tribune\|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/india-china-skirmishes-in-ladakh-sikkim-many-hurt-83125\|date=10 May 2020}}</ref> '''Other sources:'''<br>35 killed (15 June, per ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'')<ref>{{citenews\|author=Paul D. Shinkman\|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world-report/articles/2020-06-16/dozens-killed-as-india-china-face-off-in-first-deadly-clash-in-decades\|title=India, China Face Off in First Deadly Clash in Decades\|date=16 June 2020\|accessdate=16 June 2020\|work=[[U.S. News & World Report]]}}</ref>▼ ▲\| casualties2 = '''~~Indian~~Sumber ~~sources~~India:'''<br>43 ~~casualties~~korban luka dan tewas (15 ~~June~~Juni)<ref name="43 casualties">{{cite news \|title=China suffered 43 casualties during face-off with India in Ladakh: Report \|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/india-china-face-off-ladakh-lac-chinese-casualties-pla-1689714-2020-06-16 \|accessdate=17 June 2020 \|work=[[India Today]] \|date=16 June 2020}}</ref> ▲<br>7 ~~injured~~terluka (10 ~~May~~Mei)<ref name="CNN">{{cite news \|title=Chinese and Indian soldiers engage in 'aggressive' cross-border skirmish \|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/11/asia/china-india-border-dispute-intl-hnk/index.html \|author1=Vedika Sud \|author2=Ben Westcott \|date=11 May 2020 \|publisher=[[CNN]] \|access-date=12 May 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512041538/https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/11/asia/china-india-border-dispute-intl-hnk/index.html \|archive-date=12 May 2020 \|url-status=live }}</ref><br> ▲'''~~Other~~Sumber ~~sources~~lainnya:'''<br>35 ~~killed~~tewas (15 ~~June~~Juni, ~~per~~menurut ''[[U.S. News & World Report]]'')<ref>{{citenews\|author=Paul D. Shinkman\|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world-report/articles/2020-06-16/dozens-killed-as-india-china-face-off-in-first-deadly-clash-in-decades\|title=India, China Face Off in First Deadly Clash in Decades\|date=16 June 2020\|accessdate=16 June 2020\|work=[[U.S. News & World Report]]}}</ref> \| campaignbox = \| notes = }} '''~~Konflik~~Baku hantam perbatasan ~~Tiongkok-India~~Tiongkok–India 2020''' adalah ~~konfrontasi~~bentrokan fisik yang serius antara tentara perbatasan [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]] dan [[India]] yang terjadi di ~~perbatasan~~di desepanjang ~~facto~~wilayah ~~kedua~~perbatasan ~~negara~~yang disengketakan, yang dikenal sebagai [[Garis Kontrol Aktual]], diyang ~~[[Lembah~~dimulai ~~Galwan]],~~sejak ~~[[Ladakh]]~~tanggal ~~tahun~~5 Mei 2020.<ref name=kompas>{{~~cite~~Cite news\|url=https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2020/06/17/220502370/ada-apa-di-balik-perseteruan-militer-india-dan-china?page=all\|title=Ada Apa di Balik Perseteruan Militer India dan China?\|work=[[Kompas.com]]\|editor=Ardi Priyatno Utomo\|date=17 Juni 2020\|accessdate=20 Juni 2020\|editor-last=Utomo\|editor-first=Ardi Priyatno}}</ref><ref name=dw>{{cite news\|url=https://www.dw.com/id/baku-hantam-di-wilayah-sengketa-20-serdadu-india-tewas-bentrok-dengan-militer-cina/a-53840924\|title=Baku Hantam di Wilayah Sengketa, 20 Serdadu India Tewas Bentrok Dengan Militer Cina\|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]\|date=17 Juni 2020\|accessdate=20 Juni 2020}}</ref> Baku hantam antara personel militer India dan Tiongkok pada 5 Mei 2020 terjadi di [[Pangong Tso\|Danau Pangong]], di wilayah Himalaya, [[Ladakh]]. Tentara perbatasan kedua negara diberitakan terlibat baku hantam dengan menggunakan senjata berupa batangan besi, tongkat, dan batu, sehingga mengakibatkan korban luka-luka. Pada 9 Mei 2020, puluhan tentara kedua negara juga dilaporkan terluka setelah terlibat perkelahian dan pelemparan batu di wilayah perbatasan di negara bagian [[Sikkim]], India.<ref name=dw/> Krisis perbatasan Tiongkok-India semakin memburuk pada 16 Juni 2020 ketika tentara perbatasan kedua negara kembali terlibat bentrokan fisik yang serius di perbatasan de facto kedua negara, [[Garis Kontrol Aktual]] di [[Lembah Galwan]], Ladakh, mengakibatkan 20 tentara India tewas dan 43 korban di pihak Tiongkok.<ref name=kompas/> == Lihat pula == [[Bentrokan Nathu La dan Cho La\|Bentrokan Nathu Ladan Cho La 1967]] [[Konflik perbatasan Tiongkok-India 1987 ]] [[Kebuntuan perbatasan Tiongkok-India 2017]] Baris 52 ⟶ 55: {{reflist}} == Bacaan ~~lebih lanjut~~lanjutan == === Buku === [[Hal Brands]] (2 June 2020). [https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/06/02/commentary/world-commentary/chinas-border-invasion-will-push-india-toward-u-s/#.XteHajozbIU China's border invasion will push India toward the U.S.]. ''Japan Times''▼ Thomson Reuters (2 June 2020). [https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/us-reaction-india-china-dispute-1.5594883 Bipartisan U.S. blame directed at Beijing over China-India border dispute]. ''CBC News'' {{Cite book\|last=Subramaniam\|first=Air Vice Marshal (Retd.) Arjun\|title=Full Spectrum: India's Wars, 1972–2020\|url=https://archive.org/details/nlsiu.327.1.sub.38202\|publisher=Harper Collins\|date=8 October 2020\|isbn=9789353578060\|location=India\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/nlsiu.327.1.sub.38202/page/n498 451]–471\|chapter=20\|ref=none}} Lt Gen [[Harcharanjit Singh Panag\|HS Panag]] (Retd) (4 June 2020). [https://theprint.in/opinion/indias-fingers-have-come-under-chinese-boots-denial-wont-help-us/435145/ India’s Fingers have come under Chinese boots. Denial won’t help us]. ''The Print'' Lt Gen [[Harcharanjit Singh Panag\|HS Panag]] (Retd) (28 May 2020). [https://theprint.in/opinion/china-believes-india-wants-aksai-chin-back-thats-why-it-has-crossed-lac-in-ladakh/430899/ China believes India wants Aksai Chin back. PLA has likely secured 40–60 sq km in Ladakh]. ''The Print''▼ === Jurnal === Archana Chaudhary (5 June 2020). [https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indias-china-standoff-shows-risks-of-getting-too-close-to-donald-trump/articleshow/76208093.cms India’s China standoff shows risks of getting too close to Donald Trump]. ''The Economic Times. Bloomberg.'' Amy Kazmin, Don Weinland (9 June 2020). [https://www.ft.com/content/dd253671-ee10-4e51-b9c0-c3fa9c2134e4 Trunp's embrace of Modi stokes India-China stand-off in Himalayas]. ''Financial Times'' * {{cite journal \|author1=Hu Shisheng \|author2=Wang Jue \|title=The Behavioral Logic behind India's Tough Foreign Policy toward China \|url=http://www.cicir.ac.cn/NEW/en-us/opinion.html?id=3e414d74-2a98-46cf-bb77-c86b3ff9a7ec \|publisher=[[China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations]]\|journal=Contemporary International Relations 2020 No.5\|date=28 October 2020\|pages=37–65\|ref=none}} Elizabeth Roche (8 June 2020). [https://www.livemint.com/news/india/india-china-to-continue-quiet-diplomacy-on-border-dispute-11591621429085.html India, China to continue quiet diplomacy on border dispute]. ''Livemint.'' {{Cite journal \|last=Karackattu \|first=Joe Thomas \|title=The corrosive compromise of the Sino-Indian border management framework: from Doklam to Galwan\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03068374.2020.1804726 \|year=2020 \|journal=[[Asian Affairs]] \|language=en \|volume=51 \|issue=3 \|pages=590–604 \|doi=10.1080/03068374.2020.1804726 \|s2cid=222093756 \|issn=0306-8374\|ref=none}} BBC (19 June 2020). [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-53090518?prompt Galwan Valley: The soldiers killed in the India-China border clash]. ''BBC''▼ Saheli Roy Choudhury (18 June 2020). [https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/18/india-is-under-tremendous-pressure-to-respond-to-china-academic-says.html India is under ‘tremendous’ pressure to respond to China, academic says]. ''CNBC''▼ === Laporan === [http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/External%20Affairs/16_External_Affairs_22.pdf Sino-India relations including Doklam, Situation and Cooperation in International Organisation], ''Parliamentary Standing Committee Report (External Affairs), 16th Lok Sabha''.▼ ~~{{Sengketa wilayah di Asia Timur, Selatan, dan Tenggara}}~~ ▲[ {{cite report \|url=http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/External%20Affairs/16_External_Affairs_22.pdf \|title=Sino-India relations including Doklam, Situation and Cooperation in International ~~Organisation],~~Organizations ~~''Parliamentary~~(2017–18) ~~Standing~~\|publisher=Ministry ~~Committee~~of ~~Report (~~External Affairs), ~~16th~~Government ~~Lok~~of ~~Sabha''.~~India\|ref=none}} * {{Citation\|last=Ahuja\|first=Anil\|title=Lessons from Ladakh and the Way Forward\|date=19 October 2020\|url=https://www.delhipolicygroup.org/uploads_dpg/publication_file/lessons-from-ladakh-and-the-way-forward-2086.pdf\|volume=Volume V, Issue 38\|publisher=Delhi Policy Group}} === Artikel berita === ▲[[ {{cite web \|first=Hal \|last=Brands]] (\|author-link=Hal Brands \|date=2 June 2020). [\|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2020/06/02/commentary/world-commentary/chinas-border-invasion-will-push-india-toward-u-s/~~#.XteHajozbIU~~ \|title=China's border invasion will push India toward the U.S.]. ''\|work=Japan Times'' \|agency=Bloomberg\|ref=none}} ▲ {{cite web \|author=Lt Gen [[Harcharanjit Singh Panag\|HS Panag]] (Retd) (\|date=28 May 2020). [\|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/china-believes-india-wants-aksai-chin-back-thats-why-it-has-crossed-lac-in-ladakh/430899/ \|title=China believes India wants Aksai Chin back. PLA has likely secured 40–60 sq km in Ladakh]. '' \|work=The Print''\|ref=none}} ▲~~BBC~~ ({{cite web \|date=19 June 2020~~). [~~\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-53090518~~?prompt~~ \|title=Galwan Valley: The soldiers killed in the India-China border clash]. ''\|publisher=BBC''\|ref=none}} ▲ {{cite web \|first=Saheli \|last=Roy Choudhury (\|date=18 June 2020). [\|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/18/india-is-under-tremendous-pressure-to-respond-to-china-academic-says.html \|title=India is under ~~‘tremendous’~~'tremendous' pressure to respond to China, academic says]. ''\|publisher=CNBC''\|ref=none}} * {{cite web \|author1=Stephen Hutcheon \|author2=Mark Doman \|author3=Alex Palmer \|title=High stakes in a Himalayan hotspot \|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-07-10/high-stakes-in-china-india-himalayan-border-hotspot/12417248?nw=0 \|publisher=ABC News (Australia) \|date=10 July 2020\|ref=none}} * {{cite web \|author1=Sudha Ramachandran \|title=India's "Tibet Card" in the Stand-Off with China \|url=https://jamestown.org/program/indias-tibet-card-in-the-stand-off-with-china-more-provocative-than-productive/ \|publisher=The Jamestown Foundation\|date=28 September 2020\|ref=none}} * {{cite web \|author1=Yun Sun \|title=China's Strategic Assessment of the Ladakh Clash \|url=https://warontherocks.com/2020/06/chinas-strategic-assessment-of-the-ladakh-clash/ \|publisher=War on the Rocks\|date=19 June 2020\|ref=none}} * {{cite news \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/03/world/asia/india-china-trump.html \|work=New York Times \|title=In Wake of Recent India-China Conflict, U.S. Sees Opportunity \|first=Pranshu \|last=Verma \|date=3 October 2020\|ref=none\|url-status=live}} {{DEFAULTSORT:2020 China-India skirmishes}} [[Kategori:India dalam tahun 2020]] [[Kategori:Tiongkok dalam tahun 2020}}]] [[Kategori:Perbatasan Tiongkok–India]] [[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 2020]] [[Kategori:Peristiwa Mei 2020 di Tiongkok]] [[Kategori:Peristiwa Juni 2020 di Tiongkok]] [[Kategori:~~Sengketa~~Wilayah ~~wilayah~~yang dipersengketakan oleh Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]] [[Kategori:Sengketa wilayah India]]