Awal mula invasi Ukraina oleh Rusia: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Yusuf123abcxyz (bicara | kontrib)
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k Mengembalikan suntingan oleh 2001:448A:5069:32B1:41D5:AFDA:E61B:3AB8 (bicara) ke revisi terakhir oleh Illchy
Tag: Pengembalian
 
(40 revisi perantara oleh 14 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{Untukuntuk|krisis 2013–2014 yang melibatkan Ukraina|krisis Ukraina}}
 
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Krisis Rusia-Ukraina 2021-2022
| partof = [[Perang Rusia-Ukraina]]
| image = Russian forces near Ukraine, 2021-12-03 (crop).jpg
| image_size = 300px240px
| caption = PetaPenumpukan penilaian intelijen AS tentang pergerakan pasukanmiliter Rusia di dekatdisepanjang perbatasan dengan Rusia-Ukraina per 3 Desember 2021. Diperkirakan Rusia telah mengerahkan sekitar 70.000 tentara, sebagian besar pada jarak 100–200 km dari perbatasan Ukraina. Diperkirakan jumlahnya bisa meningkat menjadi 175.000.
| date = 3 Maret 2021 – sekarang <br/> * Rusia mengakui republik separatis [[Republik Rakyat Donetsk|Donetks]] dan [[Republik Rakyat Luhanks|Luhansk]] sebagai negara berdaulat dan memerintahkan masuknya pasukan militer Rusia ke republik tersebut.<ref>{{cite-news|URL=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60468237|title=Russia recognises Ukraine separatist region|lang=en|access-date=1 Maret 2022}} </ref>
| date = 3 Maret 2021 – ''sekarang''
| place = [[Laut Baltik]], [[Ukraina]]
| status = ''Sedang berlangsung''
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|Ukraine}} '''[[Ukraina]]'''
{{Collapsible list
| title = DidukungDukungan militer oleh:
| {{flag|Britania Raya}}{{efn|Inggris mengirimkan senjata (secara khusus [[MBT LAW|NLAW]] ATGMs) dan instruktur.<ref name ="thetimesBritish anti-tank weapons"/><ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>}}<br/>
| {{flag|NATO}}<br>{{flag|United States}}{{efn|Amerika Serikat mengirim senjata dan instruktur.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/12/08/politics/us-ukraine-security-assistance-military-training/index.html|title=US small arms and ammo arrive in Ukraine as Pentagon details troops to train country's military|website=CNN|lang=en|access-date=20 Desember 2022}}</ref><ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|Amerika Serikat}}{{efn|AS memberikan senjata dan instruktur.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/12/08/politics/us-ukraine-security-assistance-military-training/index.html|title=US small arms and ammo arrive in Ukraine as Pentagon details troops to train country's military|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209153617/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/12/08/politics/us-ukraine-security-assistance-military-training/index.html|url-status=live|lang=en}}</ref><ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|United Kingdom}}{{efn|Inggris mengirim senjata (khususnya [[MBT LAW|NLAW]] ATGM) dan instruktur.<ref name ="thetimesBritish anti-tank weapons"/><ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flagdeco|Belarus|1991}} [[Oposisi Belarusia]]{{efn|[[Perang cyber]]<ref>{{cite news |title="Киберпартизаны" заявили о взломе серверов БЖД и выставили ультиматум режиму |url=https://charter97.org/ru/news/2022/1/24/452224/ |work=[[Charter 97]] |date=24 January 2022 |url-status=live |access-date=28 Januari 2022 |lang=ua | archive-date=25 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125170029/https://charter97.org/ru/news/2022/1/24/452224/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Білоруські "кіберпартизани" зламали сервер залізниці, щоб не пустити російські війська в країну |url=https://lb.ua/world/2022/01/25/503916_biloruski_kiberpartizani.html |work=[[Лівий берег]] |date=25 January 2022 |url-status=live |access-date=28 Januari 2022 |lang=ua | archive-date=25 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125165806/https://lb.ua/world/2022/01/25/503916_biloruski_kiberpartizani.html }}</ref>}}<br/> {{flag|Kanada}}{{efn|Kanada mengirim instruktur.<ref name="Neraca Militer 2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|Estonia}}{{efn|Estonia berencana mengirim senjata, termasuk [[Javelin ATGM]] dan howizter 122mm ke Ukraina.<ref name="politico.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/19/us-allies-ukraine-weapons-russia-invasion-527375|title=U.S. approves allied weapons shipments to Ukraine as worries mount|website=Politico|lang=en|access-date=20 Januari 2022}}</ref><ref name="Politico"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|Lithuania}}{{efn|Lithuania mengirim amunisi dan instruktur.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/uk/lytva-peredala-ukraini-partiiu-viiskovoi-dopomohy/a-60064814|title=Литва передала Україні партію військової допомоги|trans-title=Lithuania handed over a consignment of military aid to Ukraine|language=uk|publisher=Deutsche Welle|access-date=27 Januari 2022|lang=ua|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209092323/https://www.dw.com/uk/lytva-peredala-ukraini-partiiu-viiskovoi-dopomohy/a-60064814|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Neraca Militer 2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|Latvia}}{{efn|Latvia berencana mengirim senjata ke Ukraina.<ref name="politico.com"/><ref name="Politico"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|Polandia}}{{efn|Polandia mengirim instruktur<ref name="Neraca Militer 2021"/> dan senjata<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20220120-is-the-ukrainian-military-really-a-david-against-the-russian-goliath|title=Is the Ukrainian military really a David against the Russian Goliath?|date=25 January 2022|agency=France24|access-date=28 Januari 2022|lang=en|archive-date=25 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125031856/https://www.france24.com/en/europe/20220120-is-the-ukrainian-military-really-a-david-against-the-russian-goliath|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Lithuania}}{{efn|Lithuania mengirim amunisi dan instruktur.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/uk/lytva-peredala-ukraini-partiiu-viiskovoi-dopomohy/a-60064814|title=Литва передала Україні партію військової допомоги|website=Deutsche Welle|access-date=20 Januari 2022}}</ref><ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|Spanyol}}{{efn|Spanyol mengirim dua kapal perang ke Laut Hitam dan berencana mengirim pesawat tempur ke Bulgaria.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eldiario.es/politica/espana-moviliza-buques-ofrece-cazas-otan-plena-escalada-rusia-ucrania_1_8673887.amp.html|title=España moviliza dos buques y ofrece cazas a la OTAN en plena escalada con Rusia sobre Ucrania|trans-title=Spain mobilizes two ships and offers fighters to NATO in full escalation with Russia over Ukraine|language=es|website=[[ElDiario.es]]|date=20 January 2022|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=20 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120165608/https://www.eldiario.es/politica/espana-moviliza-buques-ofrece-cazas-otan-plena-escalada-rusia-ucrania_1_8673887.amp.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Canada}}{{efn|Kanada mengirim instruktur.<ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>}}<br/>
{{flag|PolandSwedia}}{{efn|PolandiaSwedia mengirim instruktur.}}<ref name="The Military Balance2021"br/>}}
{{flag|Turki}}{{efn|Turki mengirim drone.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/01/25/turkey-ukraine-military-cooperation/|title=What Is Driving Turkey's Increasing Military Cooperation With Ukraine?|language=uk|publisher=The Defense Post|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=25 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209092323/https://www.thedefensepost.com/2022/01/25/turkey-ukraine-military-cooperation/|url-status=live}}</ref>}}}}
<nowiki></nowiki>
{{Collapsible list
| title = Dukungan politik oleh:
| {{flag|NATO}}<br>
{{flag|Uni Eropa}}{{efn|Uni Eropa menyetujui akan memberikan sanksi jika terjadi agresi Rusia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D1%97-%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%B2-%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%96-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8-%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8E-/31613485.html|title="Висока ціна агресії". Якими санкціями в Євросоюзі домовилися покарати Росію?|website=[[Radio Svoboda]]|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=17 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217074612/http://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D1%97-%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8-%D0%B2-%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%96-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8-%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8E-/31613485.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>
{{flag|Australia}}{{Efn|Australia berencana untuk membantu dengan [[perang cyber]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/leaders/marise-payne-says-aussie-troops-wont-be-sent-to-ukraine-but-cyber-assistance-to-be-rendered/news-story/599899ff550ce1eeb6b99deb8728ceda |title=Marise Payne says Aussie troops won't be sent to Ukraine, but cyber assistance to be rendered|website=NCA|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Azerbaijan}}{{Efn|Pada 14 Januari, presiden Azerbaijan dan Ukraina menandatangani deklarasi bersama tentang "kesiapan untuk saling mendukung kedaulatan dan integritas teritorial" kedua negara "dalam lingkup internasional".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/prezidenti-ukrayini-ta-azerbajdzhanu-pidpisali-spilnu-deklar-72389 |title=Presidents of Ukraine and Azerbaijan signed a Joint Declaration on Deepening Strategic Partnership |access-date=28 Januari 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124013717/https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/prezidenti-ukrayini-ta-azerbajdzhanu-pidpisali-spilnu-deklar-72389 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.overtdefense.com/2022/01/18/presidents-of-ukraine-and-azerbaijan-sign-a-joint-declaration-on-deepening-strategic-partnership/ |title=Presidents of Ukraine and Azerbaijan Sign a Joint Declaration on Deepening Strategic Partnership |first=Yusuf |last=Çetiner |work=Overt Defence |date=18 January 2022 |access-date=28 Januari 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124013215/https://www.overtdefense.com/2022/01/18/presidents-of-ukraine-and-azerbaijan-sign-a-joint-declaration-on-deepening-strategic-partnership/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Belanda}}{{efn|Belanda berencana mengirim senjata.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ad.nl/politiek/kabinet-staat-open-voor-defensieve-wapenleveranties-aan-oekraine~a9e97ea8/|title=Cabinet opens to defensive arms supplies to Ukraine|website=Algemeen Dagblad|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121092349/https://www.ad.nl/politiek/kabinet-staat-open-voor-defensieve-wapenleveranties-aan-oekraine~a9e97ea8/|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Belgia}}{{efn|Belgia memiliki pasukan yang disiapkan jika terjadi eskalasi antara Rusia dan Ukraina.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brusselstimes.com/belgium-all-news/202999/belgian-army-has-troops-prepared-if-ukraine-situation-escalates|title=Belgian army has troops prepared if Ukraine situation escalates|website=The Brussels Times|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Bulgaria}}{{efn|Bulgaria akan mengizinkan pasukan NATO untuk berlatih di Bulgaria.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2022/01/26/romania-bulgaria-to-strengthen-security-amid-ukraine-war-fears/|title=Romania, Bulgaria to Strengthen Security Amid Ukraine War Fears|website=BalkanInsight|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Denmark}}{{efn|Denmark telah memutuskan untuk mengalokasikan dukungan keuangan untuk tujuan pertahanan.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Denmark announces comprehensive support program to Ukraine|url=https://um.dk/en/news/newsdisplaypage/?newsID=5930D340-4F39-4AD4-8A93-493A81AC777D|date=16 January 2022|access-date=28 Januari 2022|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121135052/https://um.dk/en/news/newsdisplaypage/?newsid=5930d340-4f39-4ad4-8a93-493a81ac777d|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Estonia}}{{efn|Estonia berencana mengirim rudal anti-tank & anti-udara buatan AS.<ref>{{cite web|title=Blinken Authorizes Baltic Countries to Send US Weapons to Ukraine|url=https://www.voanews.com/amp/blinken-authorizes-baltic-countries-to-send-us-weapons-to-ukraine/6408170.html|publisher=[[Voice of America]]|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122164041/https://www.voanews.com/amp/blinken-authorizes-baltic-countries-to-send-us-weapons-to-ukraine/6408170.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Finlandia}}{{efn|Finlandia meningkatkan militernya karena kekhawatiran atas agresi Rusia terhadap Ukraina.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/finland-enhances-military-readiness-tension-rises-over-ukraine-2022-01-25/|title=Finland enhances military readiness as tension rises over Ukraine|website=Reuters|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Georgia}}{{efn|Georgia menyatakan solidaritas dengan Ukraina di tengah agresi Rusia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/3390783-georgia-expresses-solidarity-with-ukraine-amid-russias-aggressive-actions.html|title=Georgia expresses solidarity with Ukraine amid Russia's aggression|agency=Ukrinform|access-date=25 January 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Italia}}{{efn|Italia telah memperingatkan 'konsekuensi serius' jika Rusia menginvasi Ukraina.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globalvillagespace.com/italy-us-warn-of-serious-consequences-over-escalation-of-russia-ukraine-crisis/|title=Italy, US warn of serious consequences over escalation of Russia-Ukraine crisis|website=Global Village Space|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Jerman}}{{efn|Germany has allocated 5.3 million euros for a field hospital for Ukraine. In particular, Germany will conduct training on the construction and use of the hospital. Also, in the event of Russian aggression, Germany will refuse to put into operation [[Nord Stream 2]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/news-nimechchyna-shpytal/31666321.html|title=Germany will hand over a field hospital for the military to Ukraine – German Defense Minister|trans-title=Germany will hand over a field hospital for the military to Ukraine – German Defense Minister|language=uk|website=Radio Svoboda|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122142516/https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/news-nimechchyna-shpytal/31666321.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Jepang}}{{efn|Jepang telah berjanji untuk menjaga kontak dekat dengan sekutu dan mitra lainnya dan terus berkomunikasi menyatakan bahwa setiap serangan akan dibalas dengan tindakan tegas.".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/biden-talks-japans-kishida-amid-mounting-security-concerns-2022-01-21/|title=Biden, Kishida agree to boost security, economic cooperation amid rising concerns|agency=Reuters|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121200825/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/biden-talks-japans-kishida-amid-mounting-security-concerns-2022-01-21/|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Latvia}}{{efn|Latvia plans to send weapons<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/uk/latviia-nadast-ukraini-ozbroiennia/a-60490340|title=Latvia will provide arms to Ukraine|publisher=Deutsche Welle|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=20 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120095253/https://www.dw.com/uk/latviia-nadast-ukraini-ozbroiennia/a-60490340|url-status=live}}</ref> and millitary troops.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.delfi.lv/news/national/politics/latvija-plano-sutit-karavirus-uz-ukrainu.d?id=53995540|title=Latvia plans to send troops to Ukraine|publisher=Delfi.lv|access-date=28 January 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Norwegia}}{{efn|Perdana Menteri Norwegia menyebut pasukan Rusia membangun sebuah "tanda kelemahan".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-russia-vladimir-putin-europe-moscow-6e5d3171a2540b8550cfc9f01ed5b7dd|title=Norway's PM says Russia build-up is 'a sign of weakness'|website=AP News|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Prancis}}{{efn|Prancis bermaksud untuk "mempertahankan integritas wilayah Ukraina" dan mempertimbangkan untuk mengirim pasukan ke Rumania.<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 November 2021|title=Macron à Poutine : Paris entend "défendre l'intégrité territoriale de l'Ukraine"|url=https://www.lexpress.fr/actualites/1/monde/macron-a-poutine-paris-entend-defendre-l-integrite-territoriale-de-l-ukraine_2162427.html|access-date=28 Januari 2022|website=L'Express|language=fr|archive-date=6 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206091301/https://www.lexpress.fr/actualites/1/monde/macron-a-poutine-paris-entend-defendre-l-integrite-territoriale-de-l-ukraine_2162427.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ultimatum russe, Macron prêt à envoyer l'armée en Roumanie... la crise ukrainienne prend de l'ampleur|url=https://www.midilibre.fr/2022/01/21/ultimatum-russe-macron-pret-a-envoyer-larmee-en-roumanie-la-crise-ukrainienne-prend-de-lampleur-10060766.php|access-date=28 Januari 2022|website=midilibre.fr|language=fr|archive-date=23 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123172005/https://www.midilibre.fr/2022/01/21/ultimatum-russe-macron-pret-a-envoyer-larmee-en-roumanie-la-crise-ukrainienne-prend-de-lampleur-10060766.php|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Republik Ceko}}{{efn|Republik Ceko berencana untuk mengirim senjata.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://24tv.ua/chehiya-gotova-nadati-ukrayini-zbroyu-viyskove-novini-rosiyi_n1846910|title=The Czech Republic is ready to provide Ukraine with weapons and military equipment|website=[[Radio Svoboda]]|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=20 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120125342/https://24tv.ua/chehiya-gotova-nadati-ukrayini-zbroyu-viyskove-novini-rosiyi_n1846910|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Selandia Baru}}{{efn|Selandia Baru "sangat mendukung kedaulatan dan integritas wilayah Ukraina".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/127599920/mfat-advises-new-zealanders-in-ukraine-to-consider-leaving-due-to-fears-of-russian-invasion|title=MFAT advises New Zealanders in Ukraine to 'consider leaving' due to fears of Russian invasion|website=stuff|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Romania}}{{efn|Rumania bersedia menjadi tuan rumah pasukan NATO.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/romania-is-ready-host-increased-nato-troops-if-needed-president-says-2022-01-26/|title=Romania is ready to host increased NATO troops if needed, president says|website=Reuters|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Slovakia}}{{efn|Perdana Menteri Slovakia telah menjelaskan bahwa "ancaman terhadap Ukraina adalah ancaman terhadap Slovakia".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://spectator.sme.sk/c/22828798/diplomatic-solution-to-ukraine-russia-conflict-important-and-so-is-the-protection-of-our-people-slovakias-representatives-say.html|title=Diplomatic solution important, and so is the protection of our people, Slovak ministers say|website=The Slovak Spectator|access-date=28 Januari 2022}}</ref>}}<br/>
{{flag|Yunani}}{{efn|Yunani Dukung Tindakan Kuat Uni Eropa terhadap Rusia di Tengah Gerakan Ukraina.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-18/greece-backs-strong-eu-action-on-russia-amid-putin-ukraine-moves|title=Greece Backs Strong EU Action on Russia Amid Putin Ukraine Moves|website=Bloomberg|access-date=28 Januari 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121193422/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-01-18/greece-backs-strong-eu-action-on-russia-amid-putin-ukraine-moves|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br/>
}}
| combatant2 = {{plainlist|
* {{flagicon|Russia}} '''[[Rusia]]'''
* {{flagicon|Donetsk People's Republic}} [[Republik Rakyat Donetsk|Donetsk PR]]
* {{flagicon|Luhansk People's Republic}} [[Republik Rakyat LuhanskLugansk|LuhanskLugansk PR]]
* {{flagicon|Belarusia}} [[Belarusia]]
}}
{{Collapsible list
| title = Didukung oleh:
*
| {{flag|.Organisasi Traktat Keamanan Kolektif|CSTO}}
| {{flag|CIS}}
| {{flag|Belarus}}
}}
| commander1 = {{plainlist|
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} '''[[Volodymyr Zelensky]]'''
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Denys Shmyhal]]
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Dmytro Kuleba]]
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Oleksii Reznikov]]
Baris 42 ⟶ 69:
| title = Didukung oleh:
| {{flagicon|NATO}} [[Jens Stoltenberg]]
| {{flagicon|European Union}} [[Charles Michel]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Joe Biden]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Antony Blinken]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Lloyd Austin]]
| {{flagicon|UK}} [[Boris Johnson]]
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Emmanuel Macron]]
| {{flagicon|France}} [[Jean-Yves Le Drian]]
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Olaf Scholz]]
| {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Annalena Baerbock]]
| {{flagdeco|Canada}} [[Justin Trudeau]]
| {{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Mark Rutte]]
| {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Mette Frederiksen]]
| {{flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Gitanas Nausėda]]
| {{flagicon|Latvia}} [[Egils Levits]]
| {{flagicon|Latvia}} [[Arturs Krišjānis Kariņš]]
| {{flagicon|Estonia}} [[Alar Karis]]
| {{flagicon|Estonia}} [[Kaja Kallas]]
| {{flagicon|Poland}} [[Andrzej Duda]]
| {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Felipe VI dari Spanyol|Felipe VI]]
| {{flagicon|Spain}} [[Pedro Sánchez]]
| {{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|Carl XVI Gustaf]]
| {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Recep Tayyip Erdogan]]
| {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Scott Morrison]]
| {{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Jacinda Ardern]]
| {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Naruhito]]
| {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Fumio Kishida]]
| {{flagicon|Slovakia}} [[Eduard Heger]]
| {{flagicon|Slovakia}} [[Jaroslav Naď]]
| {{flagicon|Czech Republic}} [[Petr Fiala]]
| {{flagicon|Czech Republic}} [[Miloš Zeman]]
| {{flagicon|Greece}} [[Katerina Sakellaropoulou]]
| {{flagicon|Greece}} [[Kyriakos Mitsotakis]]
| {{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} [[Ilham Aliyev]]
| {{flagicon|Georgia (country)}} [[Salome Zourabichvili]]
}}
| commander2 = {{plainlist|
* {{flagicon|Russia}} '''[[Vladimir Putin]]'''
* {{flagicon|Donetsk People's RepublicRussia}} [[DenisMikhail PushilinMishustin]]
* {{flagicon|Luhansk People's Republic}} [[Leonid Pasechnik]]
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Lavrov]]
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Sergey Shoygu]]
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Valery Gerasimov]]
* {{flagicon|Donetsk People's Republic}} [[Denis Pushilin]]
}}
* {{flagicon|Donetsk People's Republic}} [[Vladimir Pashkov]]
{{Collapsible list
* {{flagicon|Luhansk People's Republic}} [[Leonid Pasechnik]]
| title = Didukung oleh:
|* {{flagicon|CSTOLuhansk People's Republic}} [[StanislavSergey Kozlov (politician)|Sergey ZasKozlov]]
|* {{nowrap|{{flagicon|CISBelarus}} [[SergeyAlexander Lebedev (politician)|Sergey LebedevLukashenko]]}}
|* {{flagicon|Belarus}} [[AlexanderRoman LukashenkoGolovchenko]]
* {{flagicon|Belarus}} [[Viktor Khrenin]]
* {{flagicon|Belarus}} [[Viktor Gulevich]]
* {{flagicon|Belarus}} [[Alexander Volfovich]]
}}
| strength1 = {{plainlist|
* {{flagiconflagdeco|Ukraine}} 209,000'''Ukraina:'''
* 209.000 (Angkatan Bersenjata)
* 102.000 (Paramiliter)
* 900.000 (Cadangan)<ref name="The Military Balance2021" />
}}
{{hr}}
Baris 69 ⟶ 130:
* '''Misi pelatihan''':
* {{flagicon|Canada}} 200 (''[[Operasi Unifier]]'')<ref name="The Military Balance2021">The Military Balance 2021//[[International Institute for Strategic Studies]]</ref>
* {{flagicon|United States}} 165 (''JMTG-U'')<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wesh.com/article/florida-national-guard-in-ukraine/38488225|title=165 members of Florida National Guard in Ukraine|first=Greg|last=Fox|langdate=en10 December 2021|publisher=[[WESH]]|access-date=2028 Januari 2022|websitearchive-date=WESH19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119185543/https://www.wesh.com/article/florida-national-guard-in-ukraine/38488225|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} 53 (''[[OperationOperasi Orbital]]'')<ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>
* {{flagicon|Poland}} 40 (''JMTG-U'')<ref name="TheNeraca MilitaryMiliter Balance20212021"/>
* {{flagicon|Lithuania}} 26 (''JMTG-U'')<ref name="TheNeraca MilitaryMiliter Balance20212021"/>
* {{flagicon|Sweden}} 3 (''Operasi Unifier'')<ref name=forsvarsmakten>{{cite web |url= https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/aktuellt/2021/12/darfor-utbildar-sverige-ukrainska-sakerhetsstyrkor/|language=Swedish|title= Därför utbildar Sverige ukrainska säkerhetsstyrkor|trans-title=The reason Sweden trains Ukrainian security forces|author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 14 December 2022|website= |publisher= Swedish Armed Forces|access-date= 28 Januari 2022}}</ref>
}}
| strength2 = {{plainlist|
* '''{{flagu|Rusia}}:'''
* {{flagicon|Russia}} 100,000<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/18/uk-gives-ukraine-anti-tank-weapons-as-canada-sends-special-forces| title=UK gives Ukraine anti-tank weapons as Canada sends special forces| date=18 January 2022| lang=en|access-date=20 Januari 2022}}</ref>
* 900,000 (Angkatan Bersenjata)
* {{flagicon|Donetsk People's Republic}} 20,000<ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>
* 554,000 (Paramiliter)
* {{flagicon|Luhansk People's Republic}} 14,000<ref name="The Military Balance2021"/>
* 2.000.000 (Cadangan)<ref name="The Military Balance2021">{{cite book |title=The military balance 2021 |date=2021 |publisher=[[International Institute for Strategic Studies]] |location=Abingdon, Oxon |isbn=978-1032012278}}</ref>
* • termasuk 175,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/10/us/politics/russia-ukraine-helicopters.html|last1=Julian E.|first1=Barnes|last2=Michael|first2=Crowley|last3=Eric|first3=Schmitt|title=Russia Positioning Helicopters, in Possible Sign of Ukraine Plans|date=10 January 2022|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=20 January 2022|archive-date=22 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220122100818/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/10/us/politics/russia-ukraine-helicopters.html|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|language=en|quote=American officials had expected additional Russian troops to stream toward the Ukrainian border in December and early January, building toward a force of 175,000.}}</ref> sampai 190,000<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bengali|first=Shashank|date=18 February 2022|title=The U.S. says Russia's troop buildup could be as high as 190,000 in and near Ukraine.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/02/18/world/ukraine-russia-news|access-date=18 February 2022|url-access=subscription}}</ref> di perbatasan Ukraina
* {{flagdeco|Donetsk People's Republic}} '''RR Donetsk:'''
* 20.000<ref name="The Military Balance2021" />
* {{flagdeco|Luhansk People's Republic}} '''RR Luhansk:'''
* 14.000<ref name="The Military Balance2021" />
* {{flagdeco|Belarusia}} '''Belarusia:'''
* 45.350 (Angkatan Bersenjata)
* 110.000 (Paramiliter)
* 289.500 (Cadangan)
}}
}}
 
'''Krisis Rusia-Ukraina 2021–2022 ''' adalah konfrontasi[[konflik militer]] yang sedang berlangsung dan [[krisis internasional]] antara [[Rusia]] dan [[Ukraina]] yang dimulai pada [[3 Maret]] [[2021]], dan meningkat pada akhir 2021, ketika [[NATOPakta Pertahanan Atlantik Utara]] menolak " ''jaminan non-aksesi Ukraina'' " dari [[Kremlin]]. Krisis tersebut telah menimbulkan ketegangan internasional, juga melibatkan [[NATO]]Pakta Pertahanan Atlantik Utara, [[Uni Eropa]], [[Segitiga Lublin]], [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Persemakmuran Negara-Negara Merdeka]] dan [[Organisasi Traktat Keamanan Kolektif|CSTO]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=«Люблінський трикутник»: з Путіним треба не розмовляти, його треба стримувати|url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-polytics/3373335-lublinskij-trikutnik-z-putinim-treba-ne-rozmovlati-jogo-treba-strimuvati.html|website=www.ukrinform.ua|language=uk|access-date=2022-01-20}}</ref>
 
==Latar belakang==
Setelah pembubaran [[Uni Soviet]] pada tahun 1991, Ukraina dan Rusia terus mempertahankan hubungan dekat. Pada tahun 1994, Ukraina setuju untuk menanggalkan persenjataan nuklirnya dan menandatangani [[Memorandum Budapest]] tentang Jaminan Keamanan dengan syarat bahwa Rusia, [[Inggris]], dan [[Amerika Serikat]] akan mengeluarkan jaminan terhadap ancaman atau penggunaan kekuatan terhadap integritas teritorial atau kemerdekaan politik negara Ukraina. Lima tahun kemudian, Rusia adalah salah satu penandatangan [[Piagam Keamanan Eropa]], di mana ia "menegaskan kembali hak yang melekat pada masing-masing dan setiap Negara peserta untuk bebas memilih atau mengubah pengaturan keamanannya, termasuk perjanjian aliansi, seiring perkembangannya".
 
Meskipun menjadi negara merdeka yang diakui sejak tahun 1991, sebagai bekas republik konstituen Uni Soviet, Ukraina selama ini dianggap sebagai bagian dari lingkup pengaruh (''sphere of influence'') Rusia. Pada tahun 2008, Presiden Rusia [[Vladimir Putin]] berbicara menentang keanggotaan Ukraina di [[NATO]]. Pada tahun 2009, analis Rumania [[Iulian Chifu]] dan rekan penulisnya berpendapat bahwa sehubungan dengan Ukraina, Rusia telah mengejar versi terbaru dari [[Doktrin Brezhnev]], yang menyatakan bahwa kedaulatan Ukraina tidak boleh lebih besar kedaulatan negara-negara anggota [[Pakta Warsawa]] sebelum runtuhnya lingkup pengaruh Soviet selama akhir 1980-an dan awal 1990-an. Pandangan ini dibangun atas dasar bahwa tindakan Rusia untuk menenangkan Barat pada awal 1990-an seharusnya mendapat balasan dari Barat, tanpa ekspansi [[NATO]] di sepanjang perbatasan Rusia.
 
Setelah berminggu-minggu protes sebagai bagian dari gerakan Euromaidan (2013–2014), Presiden Ukraina pro-Rusia [[Viktor Yanukovych]] dan para pemimpin oposisi parlementer Ukraina pada 21 Februari 2014 menandatangani kesepakatan penyelesaian yang menyerukan pemilihan awal. Keesokan harinya, Yanukovych melarikan diri dari Kyiv menjelang pemungutan suara tentang pemakzulan yang melucuti kekuasaannya sebagai presiden. Para pemimpin wilayah timur Ukraina yang berbahasa Rusia menyatakan kesetiaan yang berkelanjutan kepada Yanukovych, menyebabkan kerusuhan pro-Rusia 2014 di Ukraina. Kerusuhan diikuti oleh [[Aneksasi Krimea oleh Federasi Rusia|aneksasi Krimea]] oleh Rusia pada Maret 2014 dan Perang di [[Donbas]], yang dimulai pada April 2014 dengan pembentukan negara kuasi yang didukung Rusia, yakni Republik Rakyat [[Republik Rakyat Donetsk|Donetsk]] dan [[Republik Rakyat Luhansk|Luhansk]].
 
Pada 14 September 2020, Presiden Ukraina [[Volodymyr Zelensky|Volodymyr Zelenskyy]] menyetujui Strategi Keamanan Nasional baru Ukraina, "yang menyediakan pengembangan kemitraan khusus dengan NATO dengan tujuan keanggotaan di NATO." Pada tanggal 24 Maret 2021, Zelenskyy menandatangani ''Dekrit No. 117/2021'' yang menyetujui "strategi de-okupasi dan reintegrasi wilayah [[Republik Otonomi Krimea]] dan kota [[Sevastopol]] yang diduduki sementara."
 
Pada Juli 2021, Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin, menerbitkan essai berjudul "Tentang Kesatuan Sejarah Bangsa Rusia dan Ukraina", di mana ia menegaskan kembali pandangannya bahwa Rusia dan Ukraina adalah "satu bangsa". Sejarawan Amerika [[Timothy Snyder]] menggambarkan ide-ide Putin sebagai imperialisme. Wartawan Inggris Edward Lucas menggambarkannya sebagai revisionisme sejarah. Pengamat lain mencatat bahwa kepemimpinan Rusia memiliki pandangan yang menyimpang tentang Ukraina modern dan sejarahnya.
 
Rusia telah mengatakan bahwa kemungkinan aksesi Ukraina ke NATO dan perluasan NATO secara umum mengancam keamanan nasionalnya. Pada gilirannya, Ukraina dan negara-negara Eropa lainnya yang bertetangga dengan Rusia menuduh Putin berusaha memulihkan [[Kekaisaran Rusia]] / [[Uni Soviet]] dan mengejar kebijakan militeristik yang agresif.
 
 
 
==Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina 2022==
{{Utama|Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina 2022}}
[[File:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.svg|thumb|Warna merah menunjukkan wilayah yang berhasil dikuasai [[Rusia]] dan Kuning wilayah yang dikuasai [[Ukraina]] pada [[Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina 2022]]]]
Pada [[24 Februari]] [[2022]], [[Rusia]] melancarkan invasi ke [[Ukraina]]. Kampanye dimulai setelah penumpukan kekuatan militer yang berkepanjangan, pengakuan Rusia atas [[Republik Rakyat Donetsk]] dan [[Republik Rakyat Lugansk]] yang diproklamasikan secara sepihak pada hari-hari sebelum invasi, diikuti oleh masuknya Angkatan Bersenjata Rusia ke wilayah [[Donbas]] di Ukraina Timur pada 21 Februari 2022.
 
Pada pukul 6:00 waktu Moskwa (UTC+3), Presiden [[Vladimir Putin]] mengumumkan operasi militer dengan tujuan "demiliterisasi dan denazifikasi Ukraina"; beberapa menit kemudian, serangan rudal dimulai di berbagai lokasi di seluruh negeri, termasuk di dekat ibu kota [[Kiev]]. Layanan Perbatasan Ukraina menyatakan bahwa perbatasannya dengan Rusia dan [[Belarusia]] diserang.<ref>{{Cite web|author1=Jessie Yeung|author2=Adam Renton|author3=Rob Picheta|author4=Ed Upright|author5=Aditi Sangal|author6=Adrienne Vogt|author7=Melissa Macaya|author8=Maureen Chowdhury|author9=CNN|date=23 Februari 2022|title=Russian military vehicles enter Ukraine from Crimea|url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-23-22/h_ec5f24d5accb8f8503aabdc63e3fd22d|website=CNN|language=en|access-date=24 Februari 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Украинские пограничники сообщили об атаке границы со стороны России и Белоруссии|url=https://www.interfax.ru/world/824058|website=Interfax.ru|language=ru|access-date=2022-02-24}}</ref>
 
== Catatan ==
{{notelist}}
 
==Referensi==
{{Reflist}}
 
{{Russo-Ukrainian War navbox}}
{{Invasi Rusia ke Ukraina}}
 
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 2022]]
[[Kategori:Peristiwa terkini]]
[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 2021]]