Adipatni Agung Maria Nikolaevna dari Rusia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{other uses|Maria dari Rusia (disambiguasi)}}
{{Eastern Slavic name|Nikolaevna|Romanova}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Maria Nikolaevna
| image = Maria Nikolaevna 1914.jpg
| caption = Maria Nikolaevna, {{circa}} 1914.
| birth_date = {{OldStyleDate|26 Juni|1899|14 Juni}}
| birth_place = [[Istana Peterhof]], [[Sankt Petersburg]], [[Kekaisaran Rusia]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1918|7|17|1899|6|26|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Gedung Ipatiev]], [[Yekaterinburg]], [[Uni Soviet]]
| burial_date =
| burial_place =
| full name = Maria Nikolaevna Romanova
| house = [[Wangsa Holstein-Gottorp-Romano|Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov]]
| father = [[Nikolai II dari Russia]]
| mother = [[Aleksandra Fyodorovna (Alix dari Hesse)|Aleksandra Fyodorovna]]
| religion = [[Gereja Ortodoks Rusia|Ortodoks Rusia]]
| signature = Signature Maria.svg
}}
'''Maria Nikolaevna''' ({{Lang-ru|Мария Никола́евна Рома́нова}}, ''Mariya Nikoláyevna Románova''; {{lahirmati|[[Sankt Petersburg]], [[Kekaisaran Rusia]]|26|6|1899|[[Yekaterinburg]], [[Republik Sosialis Federasi Soviet Rusia]]|17|7|1918}}) merupakan anak ketiga Tsar [[Nikolai II dari Rusia]] dan Tsarina [[Aleksandra Fyodorovna (Alix dari Hesse)|Aleksandra Fyodorovna]]. Maria merupakan adik dari [[Olga Nikolaevna|Olga]], [[Tatiana Nikolaevna|Tatiana]], dan kakak dari [[Anastasia Nikolaevna]] dan [[Aleksei Nikolaevich]]. Maria [[penembakan keluarga Romanov|terbunuh bersama keluarganya]] dalam [[pembunuhan di luar hukum]] oleh anggota [[Cheka]], [[polisi rahasia]] [[Bolshevik]] di [[Yekaterinburg]] pada 17 Juli 1918. Selama hidupnya, Maria menjadi [[perawat]] [[Palang Merah]] sejak usia dini seperti kakaknya dalam [[Perang Dunia I]] yang merupakan penjaga rumah sakit dan malah menjenguk tentara yang terluka. Sepanjang hayatnya, dia dikenal karena minatnya pada kehidupan tentara. Bermula sejak masa kanak-kanak, Maria pernah menjalin cinta monyet dengan beberapa pria yang dia jumpai. Maria berharap untuk menikahi satu di antara mereka dan memiliki keluarga besar.
Adik perempuan Maria, Anastasia, menjadi perbincangan hangat di kalangan masyarakat selama 90 tahun karena diduga menjadi penyintas dalam penembakan keluarga Romanov pada 1918. Namun, desas-desus tersebut terpecahkan bahwa Anastasia juga ikut tewas dalam penembakan tersebut. Pada 1990-an, diisukan bahwa Maria mungkin merupakan adipati wanita agung yang sisa-sisa jenazahnya hilang dari pemakaman keluarga Romanov yang ditemukan di dekat [[Yekaterinburg]], [[Rusia]] dan digali pada 1991. Namun, sisa-sisa jenazah lainnya ditemukan pada 2007, dan analisis DNA kemudian membuktikan bahwa seluruh keluarga kerajaan tewas pada 1918.
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|1= 1. '''Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia'''
|2= 2. [[Nicholas II of Russia]]
|3= 3. [[Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)|Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine]]
|4= 4. [[Alexander III of Russia]]<ref name="EB-Nicholas II">{{Britannica|414099|Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia}}</ref>
|5= 5. [[Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)|Princess Dagmar of Denmark]]<ref name="EB-Nicholas II"/>
|6= 6. [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse|Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine]]<ref name="Gelardi2007">{{cite book |last=Gelardi |first=Julia P. |title=Born to Rule: Five Reigning Consorts, Granddaughters of Queen Victoria |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=dhSNaK7IFnIC&pg=PT10 |accessdate=2018-07-15 |date=2007-04-01 |publisher=St. Martin's Press |isbn=9781429904551 |page=10 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|7= 7. [[Princess Alice of the United Kingdom]]<ref name="Gelardi2007"/>
|8= 8. [[Alexander II of Russia]]<ref name="EB-Alexander III">{{Britannica|14102|Alexander III, Emperor of Russia}}</ref>
|9= 9. [[Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)|Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine]]<ref name="EB-Alexander III"/>
|10= 10. [[Christian IX of Denmark]]<ref name="DanishMonarchy-Christian IX">{{cite web |url=http://kongehuset.dk/artikel.php?dogtag=k_en_his_chrix |title=Christian IX |publisher=The Danish Monarchy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050403232709/http://kongehuset.dk/artikel.php?dogtag=k_en_his_chrix |archive-date=2005-04-03 |access-date=2018-07-14 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|11= 11. [[Louise of Hesse-Kassel|Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel]]<ref name="DanishMonarchy-Christian IX"/>
|12= 12. [[Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine]]<ref name=willis>{{cite book |last=Willis |first=Daniel A. |title=The Descendants of King George I of Great Britain |publisher=Clearfield Company |year=2002 |page=717 |isbn=0-8063-5172-1}}</ref>
|13= 13. [[Princess Elisabeth of Prussia]]<ref name=willis/>
|14= 14. [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]<ref name=louda>{{cite book| last = Louda| first = Jiří|author1link=Jiří Louda|last2=Maclagan |first2=Michael|author2link=Michael Maclagan| title = Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe| url = https://archive.org/details/linesofsuccessio0000loud| year = 1999| publisher = Little, Brown| location = London| isbn = 1-85605-469-1| page = [https://archive.org/details/linesofsuccessio0000loud/page/34 34] }}</ref>
|15= 15. [[Queen Victoria|Victoria of the United Kingdom]]<ref name=louda/>
|16= 16. [[Nicholas I of Russia]]<ref name="EB-Alexander II">{{Britannica|14059|Alexander II, Emperor of Russia}}</ref>
|17= 17. [[Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)|Princess Charlotte of Prussia]]<ref name="EB-Alexander II"/>
|18= 18. [[Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse|Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine]]<ref name="Zeepvat1995">[[Charlotte Zeepvat|Zeepvat, Charlotte]]. ''Heiligenberg: Our Ardently Loved Hill''. Published in ''Royalty Digest''. No 49. July 1995.</ref> (= 24)
|19= 19. [[Princess Wilhelmine of Baden]]<ref name="Zeepvat1995"/> (= 25)
|20= 20. [[Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg]]<ref name="DanishMonarchy-Christian IX"/>
|21= 21. [[Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel]]<ref name="DanishMonarchy-Christian IX"/>
|22= 22. [[Prince William of Hesse-Kassel]]<ref name="DBL">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.kvinfo.dk/side/597/bio/1915/origin/170/ |title=Louise (1817–1898) |encyclopedia=[[Dansk Biografisk Leksikon]] |first=Tinne |last=Vammen |language=Danish}}</ref>
|23= 23. [[Princess Charlotte of Denmark]]<ref name="DBL"/>
|24= 24. [[Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse|Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine]]<ref name="Zeepvat1995"/> (= 18)
|25= 25. [[Princess Wilhelmine of Baden]]<ref name="Zeepvat1995"/> (= 19)
|26= 26. [[Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783–1851)|Prince Wilhelm of Prussia]]<ref name="NDB-Elisabeth">{{NDB|4|444|445|Elisabeth|Ludwig Clemm|136924565}}</ref>
|27= 27. [[Princess Maria Anna of Hesse-Homburg]]<ref name="NDB-Elisabeth"/>
|28= 28. [[Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]<ref name=louda/>
|29= 29. [[Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1800–1831)|Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]]<ref name=louda/>
|30= 30. [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn]]<ref name=louda/>
|31= 31. [[Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]]<ref name=louda/>
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== Catatan kaki ==
{{Reflist|2}}
== Daftar pustaka ==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{cite book|last1=Bokhanov|first1=Alexander|last2=Knodt|first2=Manfred|last3=Oustimenko|first3=Vladimir|last4=Peregudova|first4=Zinaida|last5=Tyutynik|first5=Lyubov|title=The Romanovs: Love, Power, and Tragedy|url=https://archive.org/details/romanovslovepowe0000unse|publisher=Leppi Publications|location=London|year=1993|isbn=0-9521644-0-X|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Christopher|first1=Peter|last2=Kurth|first2=Peter|last3=Radzinsky|first3=Edvard|title=Tsar: The Lost World of Nicholas and Alexandra|publisher=Little Brown and Company|location=Boston, Massachusetts|year=1995|isbn=0-316-50787-3|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=King|first1=Greg|last2=Wilson|first2=Penny|title=The Fate of the Romanovs|url=https://archive.org/details/fateofromanovs0000king|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=Hoboken, New Jersey|year=2003|isbn=0-471-20768-3}}
* {{cite book|last1=Klier|first1=John|last2=Mingay|first2=Helen|title=The Quest for Anastasia: Solving the Mystery of the Last Romanovs|url=https://archive.org/details/questforanastasi00klie|publisher=Birch Lane Press Book|location=New York|year=1995|isbn=1-55972-442-0|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Kurth|first=Peter|title=Anastasia: The Riddle of Anna Anderson|publisher=Back Bay Books|location=Boston, Massachusetts|year=1983|isbn=0-316-50717-2|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Mager|first=Hugo|title=Elizabeth: Grand Duchess of Russia|url=https://archive.org/details/elizabethgranddu0000mage|publisher=Carroll & Graf Publishers|location=New York|year=1998|isbn=0-7867-0678-3|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Massie|first=Robert K.|title=Nicholas and Alexandra|url=https://archive.org/details/nicholasalexandr0000robe_t9f7|publisher=Dell Publishing|location=New York|year=1967|isbn=0-440-16358-7|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Massie|first=Robert K.|title=The Romanovs: The Final Chapter|url=https://archive.org/details/romanovsfinalcha00mass_0|publisher=Random House|location=New York|year=1995|isbn=0-394-58048-6|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Maylunas|first=Andrei|editor-last=Mironenko|editor-first=Sergei|title=A Lifelong Passion: Nicholas and Alexandra: Their Own Story|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780385486736|publisher=Doubleday|location=New York|year=1997|isbn=0-385-48673-1|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Rappaport|first=Helen|author-link= Helen Rappaport|title=The Last Days of the Romanovs|publisher=St. Martin's Press|location=New York|year=2008|isbn=978-0-312-60347-2|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Radzinsky|first=Edvard|title=The Last Tsar|publisher=Doubleday|location=New York|year=1992|isbn=0-385-42371-3|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Radzinsky|first=Edvard|title=The Rasputin File|publisher=Doubleday|location=New York|year=2000|isbn=0-385-48909-9|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Vorres|first=Ian|title=The Last Grand Duchess: Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna, 1 June 1882-24 November 1960|publisher=Key Porter Books|location=Toronto, Ontario|year=2001|orig-year=1965|isbn=9781552633021|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Ellenbeck|first=Silke|title=Ich wollte einen Soldaten heiraten und zwanzig Kinder bekommen - Maria Romanow - die dritte Tochter des letzten Zaren Nikolaus II|publisher=DeBehr Verlag|location=Radeberg|year=2015|isbn=978-3-95753-220-6|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
{{Portal|Biografi|Rusia}}
{{commons category|Maria Nikolaevna of Russia}}
{{Adipatni Agung Rusia}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maria Nikolaevna dari Rusia, Adipatni Agung}}
[[Kategori:Tokoh dari Sankt Petersburg]]
[[Kategori:Wangsa Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov]]
[[Kategori:Adipatni Agung Rusia]]
[[Kategori:Nikolai II dari Rusia]]
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