Perpustakaan & Museum Morgan: Perbedaan antara revisi

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(14 revisi perantara oleh 8 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
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| architect = [[Charles Follen McKim]]<ref name="AIA">{{cite aia5}}, p.281</ref>
| architecture = [[Palladian]]
| designated_nrhp_type= 13 November 1966<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=391&ResourceType=Building|title=J. Pierpont Morgan Library|date=September 18, 2007|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=2015-09-29|archive-date=2012-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010134231/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=391&ResourceType=Building|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|title=J. Pierpont Morgan Library|date=September 18, 2007|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
| added = 13 November 1966<ref name=nris/>
| governing_body = Pribadi
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}}
 
'''Morgan Library & Museum''' &ndash; dulunya dikenal sebagai '''Pierpont Morgan Library''' &ndash; adalah sebuah [[museum]] dan [[perpustakaan]] riset yang bertempat di 225 [[Madison Avenue]] pada [[:en:36th Street (Manhattan)|East 36th Street]] di lingkungan [[:en:Murray Hill, Manhattan|Murray Hill]] pada [[Manhattan]], [[New York City]], [[Amerika Serikat]]. Didirikan untuk menyimpan perpustakaan pribadi [[J. P. Morgan]] pada tahun 1906, yang meliputi naskah-naskah dan buku-buku cetak kuno, termasuk yang sangat langka, serta koleksi cetakan dan lukisannya. Perpustakaan ini didesain oleh [[:en:Charles Follen McKim|Charles McKim]] dari firma [[:en:McKim, Mead and White|McKim, Mead and White]], dengan biaya $1.2 million. Dijadikan institusi publik pada tahun 1924 oleh putra J. P. Morgan, [[:en:J. P. Morgan, Jr.|John Pierpont Morgan, Jr.]], menurut surat wasiat ayahnya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Morgan Library & Museum|url=https://www.nyc-arts.org/organizations/morgan-library-museum/|website=NYC arts|access-date=2024-05-21}}</ref>
 
Bangunan ini dijadikan [[:en:List of New York City Landmarks|New York City landmark]] pada tahun 1966<ref name=nycland>{{cite nycland}}, p.98</ref> dan kemudian dinyatakan sebagai sebuah [[:en:National Historic Landmark|National Historic Landmark]] pada tahun yang sama.<ref name="nhlsum"/><ref name="nrhpinv">{{cite web|last=Greenwood|first=Richard|url=http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/66000544.pdf|title="The Pierpont Morgan Library", National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination|date=July 18, 1975|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=2015-09-29|archive-date=2011-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527144137/http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/66000544.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="nrhpphotos">{{cite web|url=http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/66000544.pdf|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination|date=July 18, 1975|publisher=National Park Service|access-date=2015-09-29|archive-date=2012-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305102327/http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/66000544.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
 
== Koleksi ==
[[FileBerkas:Morgan Library entrance building and library annex.jpg|leftkiri|thumbjmpl|287px|Gedung pintu masuk yang didesain oleh [[:en:Renzo Piano|Renzo Piano]] (2006, kiri) dan bangunan annex yang didesain oleh [[:en:Benjamin Wistar Morris (architect)|Benjamin Wistar Morris]](1928, kanan).]]
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Other notable artists of the Morgan Library and Museum are [[Jean de Brunhoff]], [[Paul Cézanne]], [[Vincent van Gogh]], [[John Leech (caricaturist)|John Leech]], [[Gaston Phoebus]], [[Rembrandt van Rijn]], and [[John Ruskin]].<ref>{{Cite journal | title= The Morgan Library & Museum: About | publisher=ARTINFO | year=2008 | url= http://www.artinfo.com/galleryguide/22151/8669/about/the-morgan-library-and-museum-new-york/| accessdate=July 30, 2008 | postscript= <!--None-->}}</ref>
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[[FileBerkas:Morgan Library McKim Building from west.jpg|leftkiri|thumbjmpl|250px|The historic McKim Building]]
[[FileBerkas:Morgan Library McKim Building Edward Clark Potter lions.jpg|thumbjmpl|leftkiri|250px|[[Edward Clark Potter]]'s lions]]
[[FileBerkas:229 Madison Avenue (2).jpg|thumbjmpl|leftkiri|250px|229 Madison Avenue was built in 1854 by Isaac Newton Phelps and bequeathed to his daughter Helen Stokes, wife of Anson Phelps Stokes.]]
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The Morgan has one of the world's greatest collections of ancient Near Eastern [[cylinder seals]], small stone cylinders finely engraved with images for transfer to clay by rolling.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themorgan.org/collections/collectionsSeals.asp |title=Overview of Morgan seal collection |publisher=Themorgan.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-18}}</ref> It also contains many music manuscripts and a considerable collection of Victoriana, including one of the most important collections of [[Gilbert and Sullivan]] manuscripts and related artifacts.<ref>Wilson, Frederic Woodbridge. [http://arcadia.org/pml/gs-collection.html The Gilbert and Sullivan Collection] at The Morgan Library website, accessed May 5, 2010</ref>
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== Architecture ==
The first building constructed to house Morgan's library &ndash; the "McKim Building" &ndash; was designed in the [[Classical Revival architecture|Classical Revival style]] by [[Charles Follen McKim]] of the noted firm of [[McKim, Mead & White]] in 1903. It is located at 33 East 36th Street, which was at the time just to the east of Morgan's residence, a brownstone house at 219 Madison Avenue built in 1880. McKim took his inspiration from the [[Villa Giulia]] and its [[Nymphaeum]].<ref name=nycland /> The building was constructed from 1902-1907 and has a facade of [[Tennessee marble]] and a [[Palladian architecture|Palladian arch]] entrance which features two lionesses sculpted by [[Edward Clark Potter]], who would later create the two lions that guard the [[New York Public Library Main Branch|New York Public Library]]'s main building.<ref name=nycland /><ref name=inside>{{cite inside}}, pp.197-198</ref> Also in the entrance are [[roundels]] and panels by [[Andrew O'Connor (sculptor)|Andrew O'Connor]] and [[Adolph Weinman]].<ref name=nycland />
 
The interior of the building is richly decorated, with a [[polychrome]] rotunda which leads to three public rooms, which were originally Morgan's private study, the librarian's office, and the library itself.<ref name=inside /> The rotunda itself has a domed ceiling with murals and plasterwork inspired by [[Raphael]], created by [[H. Siddons Mowbray]]. Morgan's study, now the West Library, has been called "one of the greatest achievements of American interior decoration," while the East Library features triple-tiers of bookcases.<ref name=nycland />
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=== Renovasi tahun 2006 ===
Tambahan terbaru pada perpustakaan ini adalah bangunan pintu masuk modern yang didesain oleh arsitek Italia [[:en:Renzo Piano|Renzo Piano]] &ndash; karya pertamanya di New York City &ndash; dan [[:en:Beyer Blinder Belle|Beyer Blinder Belle]], yang diselesaikan tahun 2006.<ref name=nycland /> Meskipun di bagian luarnya terlihat "bland", gedung ini membantu organisasi ruangan dalam kompleks ini.<ref name="AIA" />
 
[[FileBerkas:Pierpont Morgan Library LOC gsc.5a29820.jpg|thumbjmpl|300px|Interior pada tahun 1963]]
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The Library was closed during the construction and expansion. In the interim it sponsored numerous traveling exhibitions around the country. When the work was completed, it reopened on April 29, 2006 as the Morgan Library & Museum. With the expansion above and below street level, the Morgan's exhibition space had been doubled; Piano set its new reading room under a translucent roof structure, to allow scholars to examine manuscripts in natural light. Piano's four-story steel-and-glass atrium links McKim's library building and the Morgan house in a new ensemble. Added storage facilities were obtained by drilling into [[Manhattan schist|Manhattan's bedrock schist]].
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== Manajemen ==
Antara tahun 1987 dan 2008, Charles E. Pierce Jr. menjabat sebagai direktur ketika perpustakaan ini masih bernama Pierpont Morgan Library.<ref>Carol Vogel (May 20, 2015), [http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/21/arts/design/cleveland-museum-of-art-names-william-m-griswold-director.html] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref><!-- During his tenure at the Morgan Library and Museum between 2008 and 2015, director William M. Griswold spearheaded the growth of its collections, exhibition programs and curatorial departments, adding a photography curator in 2013, a first for the institution. In an effort to reach a younger audience, he also presented many contemporary-art exhibitions and installed temporary sculpture in its atrium.<ref>Carol Vogel (May 20, 2015), [http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/21/arts/design/cleveland-museum-of-art-names-william-m-griswold-director.html Cleveland Hires Leader of Morgan] ''[[New York Times]]''.</ref>--> Pada tahun 2015, [[:en:Colin Bailey|Colin Bailey]] diangkat sebagai direktur yang baru.<ref>Pac Pobric (April 17, 2015), [http://theartnewspaper.com/news/museums/154428/ Colin Bailey named head of the Morgan Library and Museum] ''[[The Art Newspaper]]''.</ref>
 
== Budaya populer ==
* Sejumlah kisah dalam karya [[:en:E. L. Doctorow|E. L. Doctorow]], ''[[:en:Ragtime (novel)|Ragtime]]'', berlokasi di Morgan Library yang baru direnovasi.
* Musikal Broadway ''[[:en:Ragtime (musical)|Ragtime]]'', berdasarkan buku karya Doctorow, menampilkan perpustakaan ini sebagai lokasi adegan terakhirnya.
 
== Referensi ==
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== Pustaka tambahan
* {{Cite book | author = [[John Pierpont Morgan|Morgan, John Pierpont]] | url = http://archive.org/details/checklistofcopti00pier | title = List Of Coptic Manuscripts In The Pierpont Morgan Library | location = New York | publisher = privately printed | year = 1919}}
* Voelkle, William [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9403EEDD1439F93BA25754C0A964948260 "Morgan Mansion" (letter to the editor)] ''[[The New York Times]]'', (July 18, 1982)
 
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{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website|http://www.themorgan.org/ }}
* [http://www.stbernards.org/newslet/no27_p24.html St. Benard's Obit for Frederick Baldwin Adams Jr.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050830080608/http://www.stbernards.org/newslet/no27_p24.html |date=2005-08-30 }}
 
{{New York City Historic Sites}}
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{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Morgan Library And Museum, The}}
[[Kategori:Morgan Library & Museum|* ]]
[[Kategori:Murray Hill, Manhattan]]
[[Kategori:National Historic Landmarks in New York City]]
[[Kategori:Libraries on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan]]
[[Kategori:Historic preservation organizations in the United States]]
[[Kategori:Library buildings completed in 1906]]
[[Kategori:McKim, Mead, and White buildings]]
[[Kategori:Museum di Kota New York City]]
[[Kategori:Museum di Manhattan]]
[[Kategori:House of Morgan]]
[[Kategori:Renzo Piano buildings]]
[[Kategori:Libraries in Manhattan]]
[[Kategori:Morgan Library & Museum|*]]
[[Kategori:Museums of Ancient Near East]]
[[Kategori:Pendirian tahun 1906]]
[[Kategori:1908 establishments in the United States]]
[[Kategori:Perpustakaan di New York City]]
[[Kategori:National Historic LandmarksLandmark indi New York City]]