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[[Berkas:Liber Responsorialis 1895 p054.jpg|''Liber responsorialis'', antifon untuk [[Matutinum|ofisi malam]] Natal di halaman kanan. [[Nada pendarasan|Nada-nada Mazmur]] terkait ditandai dengan nomor dan nada akhir; nada-nada untuk akhir [[doksologi]] ditunjukkan dengan huruf-huruf hidup: ''et in secula s'''e'''c'''u'''l'''o'''r'''u'''m '''a'''m'''e'''n''.|jmpl]]
 
Sebuah '''antifonAntifon''' ([[Bahasa Yunani]] {{lang-gr|ἀντίφωνον}}, ἀντί "lawanberlawanan" +atau "seberang" dan φωνή "suara") dalam ritual dan musik Kristen adalah sebuahsuatu jawaban[[responsorium]] (tanggapan) oleh umat atau [[paduan suara]] (kor), yang biasanya dinyanyikan dalamdengan gaya [[Kidungkidung Gregorian]], terhadap sebuah [[mazmur]] atau bagian-bagianteks lainlainnya daridalam sebuah pelayanan rohani,suatu sepertikarya di saat ibadat malammusik atau diibadah dalam misa[[liturgi]]s. Kata iniAntifon memberikanmemberi maknapengaruh pada gaya bernyanyi '''antifoni'''.
 
Sebuah'''Musik karyaantifonal''' adalah musik yang disajikandibawakan oleh dua paduan suara yang semi-berdiri sendiriindependen yangdalam berinteraksisuatu satuinteraksi, dengansering yangkali lainnya,dengan seringkalicara menyanyikan katafrasa-katafrasa musikal yangsecara berbeda,bergantian.<ref>E. dikenalFoley sebagaiand M. Paul, ''Worship music: a concise dictionary'antifonal'''. Lebih(Liturgical khususnyaPress, 2000), p. 18.</ref> '''Nyanyian mazmur antifonal''' adalah nyanyianmusik atau musik yang mendaraskannyanyian [[mazmur]] denganyang disajikandibawakan secara bergantian oleh kelompok-beberapa kelompok pemusik atau penyanyi.<ref>J. McKinnon, ''Music in early Christian literature'' ([[Cambridge University Press]], 1989), p. 10.</ref> Antifoni adalah juga suatu buku kor yang berisikan antifon-antifon.
 
== Lihat pula ==
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* [[Antifon Maria]]
A piece of music which is performed by two semi-independent [[choir]]s interacting with one another, often singing alternate musical phrases, is known as '''antiphonal'''. In particular, '''antiphonal psalmody''' is the [[singing]] or musical playing of [[psalm]]s by alternating groups of performers. The peculiar mirror structure of the Hebrew [[psalms]] renders it probable that the antiphonal method originated in the services of the ancient Israelites. According to the historian Socrates, its introduction into Christian worship was due to [[Ignatius of Antioch]] (died [[107]]), who in a vision had seen the angels singing in alternate choirs. In the Latin Church it was not practised until more than two centuries later, when it was introduced by [[Ambrose]], bishop of Milan, who compiled an '''[[antiphonary]],''' or collection of works suitable for antiphonal singing (also known as an '''antiphonal'''). The antiphonary still in use in the Roman [[Roman Catholic Church]] was compiled by [[Gregory the Great]] ([[590]]).<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Antiphon}}</ref>
* [[Daftar komposisi karya George Frideric Handel#Musik Gereja Latin|Musik Gereja Latin karya George Frideric Handel]]
 
Antiphony is particularly common in the [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] musical tradition, where the choir divides into two equal halves on opposite sides of the [[quire]] as [[Decani]] and [[Cantoris]].
 
Antiphons are also used as an integral part of the worship in the [[Greek Orthodox church]]<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Antiphon (in the Greek Church)}}</ref> and the [[Eastern Catholic churches]].<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Antiphon (in Greek Liturgy)}}</ref>
 
The [[Music of India|Indian]] concept ''[[sawal-jawab]]'' ("question" and "answer") can be considered antiphonal. The alteration of individual notes or pitches is [[hocket]].
 
'''Antiphon''' can also be used outside of a strict musical or [[liturgy|liturgical]] context to mean a more general response. When used in this way the word often maintains its [[religion|religious]] [[connotation]].
 
==Antifoni Polikoral==
 
When two or more groups of singers sing in alternation the style of music can also be called '''polychoral'''. Specifically, this term is usually applied to music of the late [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]] and early [[Baroque music|Baroque]]. Polychoral techniques are a definitive characteristic of the music of the [[Venetian school]], exemplified by the works of [[Giovanni Gabrieli]]; this music is often known as the [[Venetian polychoral style]]. The Venetian polychoral style was an important innovation of the late [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]], and this style, with its variations as it spread across Europe after 1600, helps to define the beginning of the [[Baroque music|Baroque]] era. Polychoral music was not limited to [[Italy]] in the Renaissance; it was popular in Spain and Germany, and there are examples from the 19th and 20th centuries, from composers as diverse as [[Hector Berlioz]], [[Igor Stravinsky]] and [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]].
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== Antifon-antifon Adven Agung ==
* O sapientia
: [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Liber_Usualis_0340a.mid]
* O Adonai
: [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Liber_Usualis_0340b.mid]
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
 
* Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Oxford University Press
== Pranala luar ==
{{Sister project links |wikt=en:antiphon|commons=antiphon|b=no |n=no |q=no|s=en:antiphon |v=no |species=no}}
* {{Audio|Liber Usualis 0340a.mid|Antifon "O Sapientia quae ex ore Altissimi..."}}
* {{Audio|Liber Usualis 0340b.mid|Antifon O Adonai II Great Advent Antiphon}}
* {{File:Schola Gregoriana-Antiphona et Magnificat.ogg|the [[Magnificat]] sung to tone VII with an unidentified antiphon.}}
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