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{{Infobox military conflict
| partof = [[Perang Vietnam]]
| image = Tet Offensive map.png
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Peta yang mengindikasi kota dimana terjadi pertempuran signifikan saat Serangan Tet 1968
| date = Fase 1: 30 Januari 1968–28 Maret 1968<br/>Fase 2: 5 Mei 1968–15 Juni 1968<br/>Fase 3: 17 Agustus 1968–23 September 1968
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| result = Kemenangan taktis AS dan Vietnam Selatan<ref name="Smedberg, M 2008 p. 188">Smedberg, p. 188</ref><br/>Kemenangan strategis, propaganda dan politik Vietnam Utara.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/tet-offensive |title=Tet Offensive |publisher=''[[History Channel|History]]''|accessdate=December 22, 2014}}</ref><br/>Berkurangnya anggota Viet Cong, menyebabkan penggunaan tenaga kerja Vietnam Utara yang lebih besar.<br> Titik balik perang, sebagian besar karena opini publik AS.
| combatant1 = '''{{flag|Vietnam Selatan}}<br/>'''{{flag|Amerika Serikat}}<br/>{{flag|Korea Selatan}}<br/>{{flag|Australia}}<br/>{{flag|Selandia Baru}}<br/>{{flag|Thailand}}<br/>{{flag|Filipina}}
| combatant2 = {{flagicon image|FNL Flag.svg}} '''[[Viet Cong]]'''
| commander1 = {{flagicon|South Vietnam}} [[Cao Văn Viên]]<br/>{{flagicon|United States}} [[William Westmoreland]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon image|FNL Flag.svg}} Huynh Tan Phat
| strength1 = ~1,000,000<ref name="Lung8">Hoang, p. 8.</ref>
| strength2 = Fase 1: ~80,000<br>Total: ~323,000 - 595,000<ref>The South Vietnamese regime estimated communist forces at 323,000, including 130,000 regulars and 160,000 guerrillas. Hoang, p. 10. [[Military Assistance Command, Vietnam|MACV]] estimated that strength at 330,000. The CIA and the U.S. State Department concluded that the communist force level lay somewhere between 435,000 and 595,000. Dougan and Weiss, p. 184.</ref>
| casualties1 = '''Di fase 1:'''
{{flagicon|South Vietnam}} '''Vietnam Selatan:'''<br/>4,954 tewas<br/>15,917 luka-luka<br/>926 hilang<br/>
{{flagicon|United States}} {{flagicon|South Korea}} {{flagicon|Australia}} {{flagicon|New Zealand}}{{flagicon|Thailand}} <br/>'''Lainnya:'''<br/> 4,124 tewas<br/>19,295 luka-luka<br/>604 tewas<br/>'''Total korban di Fase 1''':<br/>Perk. 45,820 korban <br/> (9,078 tewas, 35,212 luka-luka, 1,530 hilang)<ref>Tổng công kích, Tổng nổi dậy Tết mậu thân 1968 (Tet Offensive 1968) - ARVN's Đại Nam publishing in 1969, p. 35</ref>
<ref>Does not include ARVN or U.S. casualties incurred during the "Border Battles"; ARVN killed, wounded, or missing from Phase III; U.S. wounded from Phase III; or U.S. missing during Phases II and III.</ref><br/>123 hancur, 214 rusak berat dan 215 medium damaged<ref>Steel and Blood: South Vietnamese Armor and the War for Southeast Asia. Naval Institute Press, 2008. P 33</ref>
'''Total 3 fase:''' tidak diketahui
| casualties2 = '''Fase 1:''':<br/>Perk. 17,000 tewas dan 20,000 luka-luka
'''Hingga Agustus:'''<br/>75,000+ korban<ref>Includes casualties incurred during the "Border Battles", Tet Mau Than, and the second and third phases of the offensive. General Tran Van Tra claimed that from January through August 1968 the offensive had cost the communists more than 75.000 dead and wounded. This is probably a low estimate. Tran Van Tra, ''Tet'', in Jayne S. Warner and Luu Doan Huynh, eds., ''The Vietnam War: Vietnamese and American Perspectives''. Armonk NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1993, pgs. 49 & 50.</ref><br/>'''Total 3 fase:''' 111,179 korban (45,267 tewas, 61,267 luka-luka, 5,070 hilang)<ref>PAVN's Department of warfare, 124th/TGi, document 1.103 (11-2-1969)</ref>
| casualties3 = '''Penduduk sipil:''' 14,000 tewas, 24,000 luka-luka
'''Serangan Tet''' ([[30 Januari]] [[1968]]
Serangan Tet ini menghasilkan serangan operasional yang menghancurkan bagi pemerintah Vietnam, melumpuhkan PLAF. Namun, meskipun keliru, Serangan Tet ini dianggap sebagai titik balik dari perang di Vietnam; di sini NLF
Serangan Tet sering dipandang sebagai contoh tentang pentingnya [[propaganda]] dan pengaruh [[media]] dalam upaya mencapai tujuan-tujuan militer, sebuah ajaran penting dalam perang modern pada akhir [[abad ke-20]] dan awal [[abad ke-21]].
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▲'''Serangan Tet''' ([[30 Januari]] [[1968]]–[[1969]]) adalah serangkaian operasi penyerangan pada masa [[Perang Vietnam]], yang dikoordinasi antara unsur-unsur kekuatan batalyon Pasukan Bersenjata Pembebasan Rakyat (PLAF) atau "[[Viet Cong]]" dari Front Nasional untuk Pembebasan Vietnam dan unsur-unsur kekuatan divisi dari Tentara Rakyat Vietnam (PAVN), dari [[Vietnam Utara]] melawan Tentara Republik Vietnam (ARVN) dari [[Vietnam Selatan]] ditambah militer AS dan pasukan-pasukan sekutu ARVN lainnya. Operasi ini disebut Serangan Tet karena waktunya bertepatan dengan malam [[30 Januari]] - [[31 Januari]] [[1968]], ''[[Tet|Tết Nguyên Đán]]'' ([[Tahun Baru Imlek]]). Serangan itu dimulai secara spektakular pada perayaan Tahun Baru Imlek, dan operasi-operasi sporadik yang terkait berlangsung hingga 1969.
▲Serangan Tet ini menghasilkan serangan operasional yang menghancurkan bagi pemerintah Vietnam, melumpuhkan PLAF. Namun, meskipun keliru, Serangan Tet ini dianggap sebagai titik balik dari perang di Vietnam; di sini NLF dan PAVN memperoleh kemenangan psikologis dan propaganda besar-besaran sehingga menyebabkan hilangnya dukungan rakyat AS terhadap Perang Vietnam dan akhirnya pasukan-pasukan AS pun ditarik mundur. Baik NLF maupun PAVN tidak mencapai tujuan-tujuan strategis mereka, dan ongkos operasional serangan itu sangat berbahaya dan mahal. Selain itu, sementara pendapat umum rakyat AS tetap mendukung keterlibatan AS di dalam perang itu, rakyat AS sendiri semakin kritis terhadap kebijakan-kebijakan perang tertentu [[Lyndon Johnson]]. BArangkali kelompok yang paling terpengaruhi oleh serangan ini adalah pemerintah [[Nguyen Van Thieu|Nguyễn Văn Thiệu]] di Republik Vietnam, yang militer dan politiknya mengandalkan dukungan AS sebagaimana yang diperlihatkan oleh mayoritas penduduk Republik itu sendiri.
▲Serangan Tet sering dipandang sebagai contoh tentang pentingnya [[propaganda]] dan pengaruh [[media]] dalam upaya mencapai tujuan-tujuan militer, sebuah ajaran penting dalam perang modern pada akhir [[abad ke-20]] dan awal [[abad ke-21]].
<!-- ==Strategic context==
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==Specific operations==
To the south the fighting began on January 29 as a number of NLF units began their attacks prematurely in four provincial towns. The rest of the NLF/PAVN attacks began on the night of January
===Saigon===
Around five battalions of NLF had infiltrated the city, and there were a number of separate targets, including the headquarters of the ARVN, the airbase at Bien Hoa, the Presidential Palace, and the American Embassy.[http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_085200_tetoffensive.htm]
Tân
[[
Fighting lasted almost a week and some sections of the city were badly damaged by U.S. retaliatory air strikes and artillery. The suburb of Cholon was very badly damaged, with fighting lasting there into mid-February.
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General Nguyen Ngoc Loan executed Nguyen Van Lem, a [[Viet Cong]] soldier, on the spot, an incident captured on [[news network|network news]] film and by photographer Adams.
Press coverage at the time, however, provided little context for the gruesome
===Hue===
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==Aftermath==
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===Effect on the NFL and DRVN side===
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"As I anticipated, the enemy's main attack was centered on the two northern provinces of South Vietnam. There the two major battles of the Tet Offensive developed, at the old imperial capital at Hue in Thua Tien province and at the Marine base at Khe Sanh in Quang Tri province. . . . Unlike the fighting further south, the enemy reinforced its initial success by committing the NVA 5th and 324B Divisions into the ensuing battle. A further indication that the northern provinces were the focus of the enemy's main attack was the formation in Hue of a revolutionary government."[General William C. Westmoreland, "Perspectives: What Did the North Vietnamese hope to gain with their 1968 Tet Offensive? Were they after the cities, or more?" Vietnam, Feb 1993, 62-70.] </blockquote> -->
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Hari-hari setelah diterbitkannya laporan ''[[New York Times]]'' mengenai permintaan pasukan tambahan, Presiden Johnson mengalami kekalahan telak pada [[New Hampshire Primary]] [[Partai Demokrat AS]], hanya sedikit melebihi [[Senator AS]] [[Eugene McCarthy]]. Tak lama sesudah itu, Senator [[Robert F. Kennedy]] mengumumkan bahwa ia akan ikut bertarung
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Pengeboman hebat oleh AS terhadap Ben Tre menghasilkan ungkapan terkenal, "kita perlu menghancurkan kota itu untuk menyelamatkannya." Namun ucapan ini tidak pernah dipastikan sumbernya. Pada tahun 2003, kolumnis [[Mona Charen]] dan peneliti Perang Vietnam [[B. G. Burkett]] menyimpulkan bahwa Ben Tre telah dihancurkan oleh pasukan Viet Cong yang sedang mengundurkan diri. Dan mereka menyebutkan kemungkinan bahwa [[Peter Arnett]],
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_085200_tetoffensive.htm Reader's Companion to American History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051203205642/http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_085200_tetoffensive.htm |date=2005-12-03 }}
* [http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1978/nov-dec/bishop.html Pers dan Serangan Tet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051208024112/http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1978/nov-dec/bishop.html |date=2005-12-08 }} {{en}}
* [http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-conflicts-periods/vietnam/tet.htm Serangan Tet 1968] {{en}}
* [http://www.ashbrook.org/publicat/dialogue/hayward-tet.html#2r Artikel Stephen Hayward tentang Tet] {{en}}
* [http://www.command-post.org/oped/2_archives/012327.html Pranala kepada artikel kenangan oleh [[Arnaud de Borchgrave]], Koresponden Utama ''Newsweek'' di Vietnam pada Tet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051203115456/http://www.command-post.org/oped/2_archives/012327.html |date=2005-12-03 }}
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
* Dave Palmer, Summons of the Trumpet: US-Vietnam in Perspective (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1978)
* General William C. Westmoreland, "Perspectives: What Did the North Vietnamese hope to gain with their 1968 Tet Offensive? Were they after the cities, or more?" ''Vietnam'', Feb 1993, 62-70.
* [[Steven Hayward]], ''The Age of Reagan: The Fall of the Liberal Order, 1964-1980''.
* [[Peter Braestrup]], ''Big Story: How the American Press and Television Reported and Interpreted the Crisis of Tet 1968 in Vietnam and Washington'' (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1994), 471.
* William M. Darley
[[Kategori:Perang Vietnam]]
▲[[vi:Sự kiện Tết Mậu Thân]]
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