Sel darah merah pak: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Drugbox|type=<!-- empty -->|image=Blausen 0086 Blood Bag.png|caption=Bag of packed red blood cells.▼

<!-- Chemical and physical data -->|synonyms=stored packed red blood cells, packed cells, red cell concentrate}}'''Packed red blood cells''', juga dikenal sebagai '''red cell concentrate '''dan '''packed cells''', merupakan sel darah merah yang telah dipisahkan untuk [[transfusi darah]]. Biasanya digunakan pada [[anemia]] baik gejala atau ketika [[hemoglobin]] kurang dari 70-80 g/L (7-8 g/dL).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Carson|first=JL|last2=Guyatt|first2=G|last3=Heddle|first3=NM|last4=Grossman|first4=BJ|last5=Cohn|first5=CS|last6=Fung|first6=MK|last7=Gernsheimer|first7=T|last8=Holcomb|first8=JB|last9=Kaplan|first9=LJ|date=15 November 2016|title=Clinical Practice Guidelines From the AABB: Red Blood Cell Transfusion Thresholds and Storage|journal=JAMA|volume=316|issue=19|pages=2025-2035|pmid=27732721}}</ref> Satu unit meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin sekitar 10 g/L.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=VtybuvktyWkC&pg=PA423|title=Plumer's Principles and Practice of Intravenous Therapy|last=Plumer|first=Ada Lawrence|date=2007|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781759441|page=423|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914034805/https://books.google.ca/books?id=VtybuvktyWkC&pg=PA423|archive-date=2017-09-14|dead-url=no}}</ref> Pengulangan transfusi mungkin diperlukan pada orang yang menerima [[Kemoterapi|kemoterapi kanker]] atau yang memiliki  kelainan hemoglobin. pencocokan Silang biasanya diperlukan sebelum darah diberikan. Transfusi diberikan melalui [[Infus|suntikan ke pembuluh darah]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=mi3uBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA287|title=Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing|last=Linton|first=Adrianne Dill|date=2015|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9781455776412|page=287|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914035128/https://books.google.ca/books?id=mi3uBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA287|archive-date=2017-09-14|dead-url=no}}</ref>▼

Efek samping termasuk [[Alergi|reaksi alergi]] seperti [[anafilaksis]], [[Hemolisis|kerusakan sel darah merah]], [[infeksi]], kelebihan volume, dan cedera paru-paru. Dengan metode persiapan sekarang, risiko infeksi virus seperti [[hepatitis C]] dan [[AIDS|HIV/AIDS]] kurang dari satu dalam satu juta.<ref name="Con2016">{{Cite journal|last=Connell|first=NT|date=December 2016|title=Transfusion Medicine.|journal=Primary care|volume=43|issue=4|pages=651–659|pmid=27866583}}</ref> Packed red blood cells didapat dari darah utuh atau dengan apheresis. Ketahanannya bisa mencapai tiga sampai enam minggu.<ref name="Par2012">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=EjJfqnd40esC&pg=PA385|title=Critical Care Secrets5: Critical Care Secrets|last=Parsons|first=Polly E.|last2=Wiener-Kronish|first2=Jeanine P.|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=0323085008|page=385|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914104042/https://books.google.ca/books?id=EjJfqnd40esC&pg=PA385|archive-date=2017-09-14|dead-url=no}}</ref>▼

Meluasnya penggunaan packed red blood cells dimulai pada tahun 1960-an.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=waSZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190|title=Supportive therapy in haematology|last=Das|first=P. C.|last2=Smit-Sibinga|first2=C. T. h|last3=Halie|first3=M. R.|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9781461325772|page=190|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110234939/https://books.google.ca/books?id=waSZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA190|archive-date=2017-01-10|dead-url=no}}</ref> Hal ini tercantum pada Daftar Obat Esensial Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia, obat-obatan paling efektif dan aman untuk sistem kesehatan.<ref name="WHO19th">{{Cite web|url=http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|title=WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)|date=April 2015|website=World Health Organization|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161213052708/http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/EML_2015_FINAL_amended_NOV2015.pdf?ua=1|archive-date=13 December 2016|dead-url=no|access-date=8 December 2016}}</ref> Di Britania Raya, packed red blood cells diperlukan biaya sekitar £ 120 per unit.<ref name="Yen2013">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=Te7TAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA147|title=Anaesthesia and Intensive Care A-Z: An Encyclopedia of Principles and Practice|last=Yentis|first=Steven M.|last2=Hirsch|first2=Nicholas P.|last3=Ip|first3=James|date=2013|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780702053757|page=147|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112190224/https://books.google.ca/books?id=Te7TAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA147|archive-date=2017-01-12|dead-url=no}}</ref> sejumlah versi lain juga ada, termasuk seluruh darah (''whole blood''), sel-sel darah merah yang dikurangi leukositnya, dan sel-sel darah merah yang dicuci.▼