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(7 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 11:
* Pengunduran diri anggota parlemen dari [[Kongres Rakyat Umum (Yaman)|partai berkuasa]]<ref>[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2011/02/201122314112793183.html Yemen MPs resign over violence], Al Jazeera, 23 February 2011.</ref>
* Pendudukan beberapa [[Emirat Al-Qaeda di Yaman|wilayah Yaman]] oleh [[Al-Qaeda di Jazirah Arab|al-Qaeda]] dan pemberontak [[Houthi]]
* Restrukturisasi [[Kemiliteran Yaman|pasukan militer]] dengan pemecatan beberapa pemimpinnya<ref>{{cite web |url=http://commentmideast.com/2012/04/military-restructuring-yemen/ |title=Military restructuring in Yemen: Unravelling a tangled web &#124; Comment Middle East |publisher=Commentmideast.com |accessdate=2012-11-07 |archive-date=2012-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204053839/http://commentmideast.com/2012/04/military-restructuring-yemen/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
* Persetujuan kekebalan Presiden dari tuntutan oleh legislator Yaman<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/22/world/middleeast/yemens-parliament-approves-immunity-for-president-saleh.html |title=Yemen Legislators Approve Immunity for the President |work=The New York Times |date=21 January 2012 |accessdate=2012-01-21 |first=Laura |last=Kasinof}}</ref>
* Satu kandidat [[Pemilihan Umum Presiden Yaman 2012|pemilihan umum presiden]] ditarik untuk menggantikan Saleh sebagai presiden Yaman yang baru; [[Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi]] dipilih dan dilantik
Baris 23:
| publisher = BBC News
| date = 27 January 2011 | accessdate = 14 May 2011}}</ref>
* Proposal pemerintah untuk mengubah [[Konstitusi Yaman]]<ref name="afreuters">{{cite news |author1=Ghobari, Mohammed |author2=Sudam, Mohamed | title = Update 1&nbsp;– Protests Erupt in Yemen, President Offers Reform | date = 20 January 2011 |agency = Reuters | url = http://af.reuters.com/article/tunisiaNews/idAFLDE70J2BZ20110120 | accessdate = 14 May 2011 |archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/5vt1YRykA?url=http://af.reuters.com/article/tunisiaNews/idAFLDE70J2BZ20110120?sp=true |archivedate = 20 January 2011-01-20 |deadurl=no }}</ref>
* [[Kebangkitan dunia Arab|Inspirasi dari protes regional pada saat bersamaan]]
| leaders1 = <!-- Opposition leaders -->
Baris 37:
* Konfrontasi bersenjata antara milisi [[Hashid]] dan tentara loyalis.
| side1 = {{flagicon|Yemen}} '''Oposisi Yaman :'''
* [[Partai politik di Yaman]]<ref>[http://armiesofliberation.com/archives/category/yemen/a-internal/political-parties/jmp/ JMP] {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20110203054932/http://armiesofliberation.com/archives/category/yemen/a-internal/political-parties/jmp/ |date=2011-02-03 }}. Armiesofliberation.com.</ref>
*{{flagicon image|Flag of South Yemen.svg}} [[Gerakan Selatan]]<ref>[http://adenyouth.wordpress.com/2011/04/28/south-yemen-movment-protests/ South Yemen movement Protests]. Adenyouth.wordpress.com (28 April 2011).</ref>
*{{flagicon image|Houthis Logo.png}} [[Houthi]]<ref>[http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/opinion/2011/05/20115228013977326.html The crucible of Yemen]. Al Jazeera.net.</ref>
Baris 44:
* [[Aliansi Suku-suku Yaman]]<ref>[http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/World/Story/STIStory_696854.html Yemeni tribes form coalition against Saleh]. ''The Straits Times''. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121084130/http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/World/Story/STIStory_696854.html |date=21 January 2012 }}</ref>
* Tentara yang desersi<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-04/13/c_13827610.htm |title=10,000 Yemeni forces defect from government, join protesters: official |agency=Xinhua News Agency |date=13 April 2011 |accessdate=20 April 2011}}</ref>
* Blok sipil<ref>{{cite news | author = Johnston, Cynthia | url = http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/03/24/idINIndia-55848220110324 | title = Yemen Forces Clash over Saleh Before Friday Protest | agency = Reuters | date = 24 March 201 | accessdate = 20 April 2011 | archive-date = 2012-01-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120112235428/http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/03/24/idINIndia-55848220110324 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>
* Komite Dialog Nasional<ref>{{cite web |url=http://armiesofliberation.com/archives/2010/03/20/the-yemeni-national-dialog-committee-issues-vision-for-national-salvation/ |title=The Yemeni National Dialog Committee Issues Vision for National Salvation |publisher=Armies of Liberation |date=20 March 2010 |accessdate=20 April 2011 |archive-date=2011-02-03 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20110203063005/http://armiesofliberation.com/archives/2010/03/20/the-yemeni-national-dialog-committee-issues-vision-for-national-salvation/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
| side2 = {{flagicon|Yemen}} '''Pemerintah Yaman :'''
*{{flagicon image|General People's Congress (Yemen) logo.gif}} [[Kongres Rakyat Umum (Yaman)|Kongres Rakyat Umum]]
Baris 58:
| injuries = 22.000<ref name=2,000killed>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/yemen-says-more-than-2000-killed-in-uprising/2012/03/18/gIQAGOtcLS_story.html Yemen says more than 2,000 killed in uprising]. ''The Washington Post''. (19 March 2012).</ref>
| fatalities = 2.000 (per 18 Maret 2012)<ref name=2,000killed/>
| arrests = 1.000<ref>[httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20120201202424/http://bikyamasr.com/47848/yemen-report-over-1000-missing-possibly-tortured/Yemen report: Over 1,000 missing, possibly tortured], 8 November 2011</ref>
| concessions =
}}
'''Revolusi Yaman''',<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://yementimes.com/en/1549/readersviews/452/The-revolution%E2%80%99s-success.htm |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2012-03-01 |archive-date=2012-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301192352/http://yementimes.com/en/1549/readersviews/452/The-revolution%E2%80%99s-success.htm] |dead-url=no }}</ref> awalnya diberi nama Pemberontakan Yaman (Intifada),<ref>[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4967.2011.00499.x/abstract;jsessionid=80BB99BE5613D0D1A98610976872FC84.f03t03?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false Khaled Fattah. ''Yemen: A Social Intifada In a Republic of Sheikhs'']</ref> setelah babak awal dari [[Revolusi Tunisia]] dan terjadi bersamaan dengan [[Revolusi Mesir 2011]]<ref name="Thousands call">{{cite news
| url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12295864
| title = Yemen Protests: Thousands Call on President to Leave
Baris 67:
| date = 27 January 2011}}</ref> dan [[Kebangkitan dunia Arab|protes Kebangkitan dunia Arab]] di [[Timur Tengah]] dan [[Afrika Utara]]. Pada fase awal, protes di [[Yaman]] mulanya melawan pengangguran, kondisi ekonomi,<ref name="afreuters"/> dan korupsi,<ref name="People are fed up"/> serta menentang usulan pemerintah untuk mengubah [[konstitusi Yaman]]. Para pengunjuk rasa menuntut kemudian meningkat menjadi seruan untuk pengunduran diri [[Presiden Yaman]] [[Ali Abdullah Saleh]]. Pembelotan massal dari kemiliteran, serta dari pemerintahan Saleh, efektif menyebabkan banyak wilayah negara di luar kendali pemerintah, dan para pengunjuk rasa bersumpah untuk menentang wewenangnya.
 
Sebuah demonstrasi besar dengan lebih dari 16.000 pengunjuk rasa berlangsung di [[Sana'a]], ibu kota Yaman, pada tanggal 27 Januari.<ref name="Irish Times breaking26">{{cite news| url = http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/0127/breaking26.html| title = Yemenis in Anti-President Protest|agency= Reuters |work=The Irish Times| date = 27 January 2011 | accessdate = 14 May 2011}}</ref> Pada tanggal 2 Februari, Saleh mengumumkan dia tidak akan mencalonkan diri untuk dipilih kembali pada tahun 2013 dan bahwa dia tidak akan mengalihkan kekuasaan kepada anaknya. Pada tanggal 3 Februari, 20.000 orang memprotes menentang pemerintah di Sana'a,<ref name="latimes_3feb_20k">{{cite news |author1=Daragahi, Borzou |author2=Browning, Noah | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/middleeast/la-fg-yemen-rallies-20110204,0,7940190.story | title = Tens of Thousands Turn Out for Rival Rallies in Yemen| work = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = 3 February 2011 | accessdate = 29 April 2011}}</ref><ref name="bbc_20k">{{cite news | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12353479 | title = Yemen Protests: 20,000 Call for President Saleh To Go | publisher = BBC News | date = 29 January 2011 |accessdate = 29 April 2011}}</ref> sementara lainnya melakukan unjuk rasa di [[Aden]],<ref name="aljaz_aden">{{cite web| url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201123105140512715.html |title = Opposing Protesters Rally in Yemen| publisher=Al Jazeera| date=3 February 2011 | accessdate=29 April 2011}}</ref> sebuah kota pelabuhan di Yaman selatan, dalam sebuah "Hari Kemarahan" yang diserukan oleh [[Tawakkul Karman]],<ref name="Feb3_DayRage_aljaz">{{cite news | title = New Protests Erupt in Yemen| |date=29 January 2011 |publisher=Al Jazeera | url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/01/2011129112626339573.html | accessdate=29 April 2011 | archiveurl = httphttps://www.webcitation.org/5w8S9MZ1r?url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/01/2011129112626339573.html |archivedate=30 January 2011-01-31 |deadurl=no }}</ref> sementara tentara, anggota bersenjata [[Kongres Rakyat Umum (Yaman)|Kongres Rakyat Umum]] dan banyak demonstran menggelar unjuk rasa propemerintah di Sana'a.<ref name="oneindia_armedGPC_progov">{{cite news| url = http://news.oneindia.in/2011/02/03/salehpartisans-take-over-yemen-protestsite-aid0126.html | title = Saleh Partisans Take Over Yemen Protest Site |agency= [[Agence France-Presse]]|work=OneIndia| date=3 February 2011 | accessdate=29 April 2011}}</ref> Dalam "Jumat Kemarahan" pada tanggal 18 Februari, puluhan ribu warga Yaman mengambil bagian dalam demonstrasi antipemerintah di [[Taiz]], Sana'a, dan Aden. Pada "Jumat Tidak Kembali" pada tanggal 11 Maret, pengunjuk rasa menyerukan penggusiran Saleh di Sana'a dimana tiga orang tewas. Semakin banyak protes diadakan di kota-kota lain, termasuk [[Al Mukalla]], dimana satu orang tewas. Pada tanggal 18 Maret, pengunjuk rasa di Sana'a ditembaki, mengakibatkan 52 orang tewas dan akhirnya memuncak dengan pembelotan massal dan pengunduran diri.<ref>[http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2011/6/4/worldupdates/2011-06-04T010231Z_01_NOOTR_RTRMDNC_0_-574889-1&sec=Worldupdates "Yemen president Saleh fights to keep grip on power"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716195820/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2011%2F6%2F4%2Fworldupdates%2F2011-06-04T010231Z_01_NOOTR_RTRMDNC_0_-574889-1&sec=Worldupdates |date=2012-07-16 }}. ''The Star'' (Malaysia).</ref>
 
== Garis waktu ==
Baris 76:
Pada bulan Februari, pemimpin oposisi [[Tawakkul Karman]] menyerukan "Hari Kemarahan" dalam bentuk demonstrasi massal nasional yang membantu menggulingkan pemerintah [[Tunisia]] dan [[Revolusi Mesir 2011|menekan]] pemerintahan Presiden [[Hosni Mubarak]] di [[Mesir]].<ref name="Feb3_DayRage_aljaz"/> Protes ini menarik lebih dari 20.000 peserta, serta unjuk kekuatan dari para pendukung Saleh.<ref name="bbc_20k"/><ref name="oneindia_armedGPC_progov"/> Pasukan keamanan menanggapi unjuk rasa di [[Aden]] dengan peluru tajam dan [[gas air mata]].<ref name="aljaz_aden"/> Setelah Mubarak mundur dari kekuasaan di Mesir, demonstran yang merayakan revolusi dan menyerukan pemberontakan serupa di Yaman diserang oleh polisi dan suku yang pro-Saleh.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201121211858966496.html | title = Thousands Rally Across Yemen|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=14 February 2011 | accessdate=30 April 2011}}</ref> [[Ulama]] menyerukan sebuah [[pemerintahan persatuan nasional]] dan pemilihan umum akan diselenggarakan dalam enam bulan sebagai upaya untuk mengakhiri kekerasan dan menempatkan anggota oposisi dalam pemerintahan.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/2011217991104240.html | title = Yemen Clerics Urge Unity Government| date = 18 February 2011 |publisher=Al Jazeera| accessdate = 30 April 2011}}</ref> Kemudian pada bulan tersebut, kematian dilaporkan di Ta'izz dan Aden setelah pasukan keamanan menyerang demonstran dengan kekuatan mematikan.<ref>{{cite news| url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12507889 | title = Yemen Protests: Five Killed at Anti-Government Rallies | publisher = BBC News | date = 18 February 2011 | accessdate = 30 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/2011218111854417798.html | title = Yemen Observes 'Friday of Fury'|publisher=Al Jazeera| date=18 February 2011 | accessdate=30 April 2011}}</ref> Pada akhir Februari, beberapa suku besar di Yaman telah bergabung dalam protes antipemerintah dan protes membludak dalam jumlah lebih dari 100.000 orang dalam beberapa hari.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/167110.html |title=Major Tribes Join Yemen Protests |publisher=[[Press TV]] |date=26 February 2011 |accessdate=5 May 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110302093207/http://www.presstv.ir/detail/167110.html |archivedate=2 March 2011 }}</ref> Saleh juga menyerukan sebuah pemerintahan persatuan nasional, namun para pemimpin oposisi menolak usulan tersebut dan menyerukan Saleh untuk segera mengundurkan diri.<ref>{{cite news| url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/2011228204148506367.html | title = Yemen Opposition Rejects Unity Deal|publisher=Al Jazeera| date = 28 February 2011 | accessdate = 5 May 2011}}</ref>
 
Pada bulan Maret, kelompok oposisi mempresentasikan sebuah proposal yang akan mengusahakan Saleh meninggalkan kekuasaan secara damai,<ref>{{cite news| url = http://www.mysinchew.com/node/54144 | title = Yemen Opposition, Clerics Offer Saleh Smooth Exit |agency= [[Agence France-Presse]]|work=Sin Chew Daily| date = 3 March 2011 | accessdate = 18 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{registration required|date=May 2011}} {{cite news | url = http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/27989d86-4513-11e0-80e7-00144feab49a.html | title = Yemeni Proposition Offers Saleh a Transition Plan | work = [[Financial Times]] | date = 2 March 2011 | accessdate = 11 March 2011}}</ref> namun Saleh menolak untuk menerimanya.<ref>{{cite news| title = Yemen Rallies Grow; Saleh Rejects Transition Plan | url = http://www.rferl.org/content/yemen_protests/2328432.html |agency = Reuters|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]] | date = 4 March 2011 | accessdate = 18 May 2011}}</ref> Sejumlah pejabat [[pemerintah Yaman]] terkemuka mengundurkan diri atas kekerasan yang digunakan untuk membubarkan protes.<ref>{{cite news | title = Yemen MPs Quit Ruling Party|publisher=Al Jazeera| url = http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/03/20113514455840795.html | date = 5 March 2011 | accessdate = 20 May 2011}}</ref> Pada tanggal 18 Maret, 45 pengunjuk rasa ditembak mati di Sana'a,<ref>{{cite news| title = Doctors in Yemen Have Told the BBC That Unidentified Gunmen Fired on an Anti-Government Rally in the Capital, Sanaa | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/mobile/world-middle-east-12789220 | accessdate = 18 March 2011 | publisher = BBC News | date = 18 March 2011}}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news| title = Yemen Forces 'Open Fire on Protesters' | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12783585 | publisher = BBC News | date = 18 March 2011 | accessdate = 18 March 2011}}</ref> sebuah insiden yang mendorong pernyataan keadaan darurat negara<ref name = "autogenerated1" /> dan kecaman internasional.<ref name="wpost18march">{{cite news | author = Almasmar, Hakim | title = Yemen Imposes State of Emergency after Deadly Attack on Protesters | url = http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/protesters-killed-in-yemens-capital-by/2011/03/18/ABFd2hp_story.html | accessdate = 19 March 2011 | work = [[The Washington Post]] | date = 18 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = France Strongly Condemns Yemen Attack on Protesters | url = http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/18/yemen-france-idUSPISIEE78520110318 | accessdate = 19 March 2011 | agency = Reuters | date = 18 March 2011 | author = Love, Brian | archive-date = 2015-09-24 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924151939/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/03/18/yemen-france-idUSPISIEE78520110318 | dead-url = yes }}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
Baris 85:
* {{cite book |last=Blumı |first=Isa |year=2011 |title=Chaos in Yemen: Societal Collapse and the New Authoritarianism |location=London |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415780773 }}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Boucek |editor1-first=Christopher |editor2-last=Ottaway |editor2-first=Marina |year=2010 |title=Yemen on the Brink |location=Washington |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |isbn=9780870032530 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Juneau |first=Thomas |year=2010 |title=Yemen: Prospects for State Failure—Implications and Remedies |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_middle-east-policy_fall-2010_17_3/page/134 |journal=[[Middle East Policy]] |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=134–152 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4967.2010.00456.x }}
* {{cite journal |last=Thiel |first=Tobias |year=2012 |title=After the Arab Spring: power shift in the Middle East?: Yemen’s Arab Spring: from youth revolution to fragile political transition |work=IDEAS reports – special reports, Kitchen, Nicholas (ed.) SR011. LSE IDEAS, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK |url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/43465/ }}
 
Baris 97:
* [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/yemen/index.html Yemen Protests 2011] ongoing coverage at ''[[The New York Times]]''
* {{WSJ topic}}
* [http://www.frequency.com/topic/yemen Yemen Real Time Video Stream] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222063606/http://www.frequency.com/topic/yemen |date=2011-02-22 }} at ''Frequency''
* [http://crowdvoice.org/popular-uprising-in-yemen Crowd-sourcing resource] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110530225908/http://www.crowdvoice.org/popular-uprising-in-yemen |date=2011-05-30 }} for the Yemen uprising, at CrowdVoice.org
* [http://www.yemenpeaceproject.org/ Yemen Peace Project]
* [http://www.criticalthreats.org/yemen/yemen-protests Yemen Protests] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613031716/http://www.criticalthreats.org/yemen/yemen-protests |date=2011-06-13 }} at [[American Enterprise Institute|AEI]]'s Critical Threats Project
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110322141205/http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/middle-east-north-africa/iran-gulf/yemen.aspx Yemen] at the [[International Crisis Group]]
;Articles
Baris 109:
* Hill, Ginny (23 March 2011). [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/mar/23/ali-abdullah-saleh-riyadh-house-of-saud "Riyadh Will Decide the Fate of Ali Abdullah Saleh&nbsp;– and of Yemen].''[[The Guardian]]''.
* Head, Jacqueline (23 March 2011). [http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/03/2011323101423254390.html "Fear of the Future in Yemen"]. [[Al Jazeera]].
* Carapico, Sheila [http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/05/24/no_celebration_of_yemen_s_unity_day “No Celebration of Yemen’s Unity Day”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801041755/http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/05/24/no_celebration_of_yemen_s_unity_day |date=2013-08-01 }} The Middle East Channel, ''Foreign Policy'' 24 May 2011
* Carapico, Sheila [http://www.merip.org/mero/mero050311-1 “No Exit: Yemen's Existential Crisis”] ''Middle East Report'' Online, 3 May 2011
* Carapico, Sheila [http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/03/24/worst_and_best_case_scenarios_for_yemen “Worst and Best Case Scenarios for Yemen”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917064332/http://mideast.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2011/03/24/worst_and_best_case_scenarios_for_yemen |date=2013-09-17 }} The Middle East Channel, ''Foreign Policy'' 24 March 2011,
* Carapico, Sheila [http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2011/0322/Yemen-six-facts-to-question/If-President-Ali-Abdullah-Saleh-falls-radical-anti-American-jihadists-will-take-over-in-Yemen “Yemen: Six “Facts” to Question”] ''Christian Science Monitor'' 22 March 2011
 
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