Consolidated B-24 Liberator: Perbedaan antara revisi

|first flight= 29 Desember 1939

|introduced= 1941

|primary user= [[United States Army Air Forces]] <!-- List only one user; for military aircraft, this is a nation or a service arm. Please DON'T add flag templates, as they limit horizontal space. -->

|more users= [[United States Navy]] <br/>[[Royal Air Force]] <br/>[[Royal Australian Air Force]] <!-- Limited to THREE (3) 'more users' here (4 total users). Separate users with <br />. -->

[[File:B-24 Liberators at low altitude.jpg|thumb|upright|B-24s bomb the [[Ploiești]] oil fields in August 1943]]

 

 

The [[United States Army Air Forces]] (USAAF) took delivery of its first B-24As in mid-1941. Over the next three years, B-24 squadrons deployed to all theaters of the war: African, European, China-Burma-India, the Anti-submarine Campaign, the Southwest Pacific Theater and the Pacific Theater. In the Pacific, to simplify logistics and to take advantage of its longer range, the B-24 (and its twin, the U.S. Navy PB4Y) was the chosen standard heavy bomber. By mid-1943, the shorter-range B-17 was phased out. The Liberators which had served early in the war in the Pacific continued the efforts from the Philippines, Australia, Espiritu Santo,Guadalcanal, Hawaii, and Midway Island. The Liberator peak overseas deployment was 45.5 bomb groups in June 1944. Additionally, the Liberator equipped a number of independent squadrons in a variety of special combat roles. The cargo versions, C-87 and C-109 tanker, further increased its overseas presence, especially in Asia in support of the XX Bomber Command air offensive against Japan.

US-based B-24s entered combat service in 1942 when on 6 June, four B-24s from [[Hawaii]] staging through [[Midway Atoll|Midway Island]] attempted an attack on [[Wake Island]], but were unable to find it.<ref>Lord 1967, p. 279.</ref> The B-24 came to dominate the heavy bombardment role in the Pacific because compared to the B-17, the B-24 was faster, had longer range, and could carry a ton more bombs.<ref name="levine1992" >Levine 1992, pp. 14–15.</ref>

 

On 12 June 1942, 13 B-24s of the Halverson Project (HALPRO) flying from [[Egypt]] attacked the Axis-controlled oil fields and refineries around [[Ploiești]], [[Romania]]. Within weeks, the First Provisional Bombardment Group formed from the remnants of the Halverson and China detachments. This unit then was formalized as the 376th Bombardment Group, Heavy and along with the 98th BG formed the nucleus of the IX Bomber Command of the [[Ninth Air Force#World War II|Ninth Air Force]], operating from Africa until absorbed into the Twelfth Air Force briefly, and then the [[Fifteenth Air Force#World War II|Fifteenth Air Force]], operating from Italy. The Ninth Air Force moved to England in late 1943. This was a major component of the [[United States Strategic Air Forces in Europe|USSTAF]] and took a major role in strategic bombing. Fifteen of the 15th AF's 21 [[USAAF bombardment group|bombardment groups]] flew B-24s.

 

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== Spesifikasi (B-24J) ==

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== Lihat juga ==

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|related=

* Bowman, Martin. ''The B-24 Liberator 1939–1945''. Norwich, Norfolk, UK: Wensum Books Ltd, 1979. ISBN 0-903619-27-X.

* Bowman, Martin. ''Combat Legend: B-24 Liberator''. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd, 2003. ISBN 1-84037-403-9.

* Currier, Donald R. ''Lt. Col. (Ret)''. ''50 Mission Crush''. Shippensburg, Pennsylvania: Burd Street Press, 1992. ISBN 0-942597-43-5.

* Davis, Larry. ''B-24 Liberator in Action'' (Aircraft number 80). Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc., 1987. ISBN 0-89747-190-3.

* North, Tony and Mike Bailey. ''Liberator Album, B-24's of the 2nd Air Division 8th Air Force. Volume 1: The 20th. Combat Bomb Wing''. Norwich, Norfolk, UK: Tony North, 1979. No ISBN.

* North, Tony and Mike Bailey. ''Liberator Album, B-24's of the 2nd Air Division 8th Air Force. Volume 2: The 14th. Combat Bomb Wing''. Norwich, Norfolk, UK: Tony North, 1981. No ISBN.

* O'Leary, Michael. ''Consolidated B-24 Liberator''. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2002. ISBN 1-84176-023-4.

* Parnell, Ben. ''Carpetbaggers America's Secret War in Europe''. Austin, Texas: Eakin Press, 1987, revised edition 1993. ISBN 978-0-89015-592-9.

* [http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=494 Consolidated B-24D page, USAF National Museum]

* [http://www.uninvitedb24.com/ WWII photos of the 7th AAF Heavy Bombardment Group Liberators]

* [http://www.warbirdsresourcegroup.org/URG/b24liberator.html Warbirds Resource Group USAAF Resource Center&nbsp;– B-24 Liberator]

* [http://www.warbirdregistry.org/b24registry/b24registry.html Warbird Registry&nbsp;– B-24 Liberator&nbsp;– the history of those B-24s that survived military service]

* [http://books.google.com/books?id=vSYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA86&dq=popular+science+june+1941&hl=en&ei=cT2TTNqUB9Ofnwfn49ywCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=true "The Liberator," ''Popular Science'', 1943&nbsp;– photos, drawings, etc. on the B-24]

* [http://books.google.com/books?id=vSYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA78&dq=popular+science+june+1941&hl=en&ei=cT2TTNqUB9Ofnwfn49ywCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q&f=true "Look Out Hitler, Here Comes The Flood," ''Popular Science'', 1943&nbsp;– very large and detailed article on the manufacturing of the B-24]

* [http://i-ota.net/B-24Witchcraft/J/ A spherical panoramic look inside a B-24J: 'Witchcraft']

 

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[[Category:United States bomber aircraft 1930–1939]]

[[Category:World War II bombers of the United States]]