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[[Berkas:Gay flag.svg|thumb|261x261px|Enam pita [[Bendera pelangi (LGBT)|bendera pelangi]] yang mewakili [[komunitas LGBT]].]]
{{LGBT tabel sisi}}
'''LGBT
Gale Research Co., 1985, ISBN 978-0-8103-0683-7.
[http://books.google.com/books?id=JDtUAAAAMAAJ&q=%2BLGB+%2Blesbian&dq=%2BLGB+%2Blesbian&hl=en&ei=nmtJTY6gEpHA8QPLsYGSDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEUQ6AEwBA Factsheet five, Issues 32-36, Mike Gunderloy, 1989]</ref> karena istilah ini lebih mewakili kelompok-kelompok yang telah disebutkan.<ref name="Gay Pride Nee"/>
Akronim ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk menekankan keanekaragaman "[[budaya yang berdasarkan identitas seksualitas dan gender|budaya yang berdasarkan orientasi seksual serta identitas seksualitas dan gender]]". Kadang-kadang istilah LGBT digunakan untuk semua orang yang tidak [[heteroseksual]], bukan hanya [[homoseksual]], [[biseksual]], atau transgender.<ref name="Gay Pride Nee"/><ref name="The Handbook of Lesb"/>
Maka dari itu,
Istilah LGBT sangat banyak digunakan untuk penunjukkan diri. Istilah ini juga digunakan oleh mayoritas komunitas dan media yang berbasis identitas seksualitas dan gender di [[Amerika Serikat]] dan beberapa [[Anglosfer|negara berbahasa Inggris lainnya]].<ref>[http://www.lgbtcenters.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5165&news_iv_ctrl=1002 The 2008 Community Center Survey Report: Assessing the Capacity and Programs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Community Centers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504045758/http://www.lgbtcenters.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5165&news_iv_ctrl=1002 |date=2009-05-04 }} 29 Agustus 2008, Terry Stone, CenterLink (formerly The National Association of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Community Centers).[http://www.lgbtcenters.org/site/DocServer/CommunityCentersSurvey.pdf?docID=221 Report link]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[http://www.nlgja.org/resources/stylebook.html National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association: Stylebook Supplement on LGBT Terminology], NLGJA 2008. [http://www.nlgja.org/resources/NLGJA_Stylebook.pdf Stylebook Supplement]</ref>
Tidak semua kelompok yang disebutkan setuju dengan akronim ini.<ref name="Counseling Lesbian, G"/> Beberapa orang dalam kelompok yang disebutkan merasa tidak berhubungan dengan kelompok lain dan tidak menyukai penyeragaman ini.<ref name="In-Between Bodies"/>
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== Sejarah ==
{{See|:en:Terminology of homosexuality}}
[[Berkas:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|thumb|kiri|[[Stonewall Inn]] di [[desa gay]] [[Greenwich Village]], [[Budaya LGBT di New York City|Manhattan]], lokasi [[Kerusuhan Stonewall]] bulan Juni 1969, tempat lahirnya gerakan [[Hak LGBT]] modern dan ikon [[budaya LGBT]], dihiasi dengan [[Bendera pelangi (LGBT)|bendera kebanggaan pelangi]].<ref name=GayGreenwichVillage1>{{cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/|title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers|author=Julia Goicichea|publisher=The Culture Trip|date=16 August 2017|access-date=2 February 2019|archive-date=2 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102084000/https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=GayGreenwichVillage2>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html|title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement|author=Eli Rosenberg|newspaper=The New York Times|date=24 June 2016|access-date=25 June 2016|archive-date=6 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200506010607/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=GayGreenwichVillage3>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |access-date=21 April 2016 |archive-date=6 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306222059/http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>]]
[[Berkas:Palco BolognaPride08.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Publikasi LGBT, [[:en:pride parade|parade kebanggaan]], dan acara terkait, seperti tahap ini di [[Bologna]] Pride 2008 di Italia, semakin menghilangkan inisialisasi ''LGBT'' alih-alih menambahkan huruf baru secara teratur, dan menangani masalah penempatan surat-surat tersebut dalam judul baru.<ref>Cahill, Sean, and Bryan Kim-Butler. "Policy priorities for the LGBT community: Pride Survey 2006." New York, NY: National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (2006).</ref>]]
Sebelum [[revolusi seksual]] pada tahun 1960-an, tidak ada kosakata non-[[peyoratif]] untuk menyebut kaum yang bukan heteroseksual. Istilah terdekat, "[[gender ketiga]]", telah ada sejak tahun 1860-an, tetapi tidak diterima secara luas.<ref name="The Social Studies C"/><ref>Kennedy, Hubert C. (1980) ''The "third sex" theory of Karl Heinrich Ulrichs'', Journal of Homosexuality. 1980–1981 Fall–Winter; 6(1–2): pp. 103–1</ref><ref>[[Magnus Hirschfeld|Hirschfeld, Magnus]], 1904. ''Berlins Drittes Geschlecht'' ("Berlin's Third Sex")</ref><ref>[[Havelock Ellis|Ellis, Havelock]] and [[John Addington Symonds|Symonds, J. A.]], 1897. ''Sexual Inversion''.</ref><ref>[[Edward Carpenter|Carpenter, Edward]], 1908. ''[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/pwh/carpenter-is.html The Intermediate Sex: A Study of Some Transitional Types of Men and Women]''.</ref><ref>Duc, Aimée, 1901. ''Sind es Frauen? Roman über das dritte Geschlecht'' ("Are These Women? Novel about the Third Sex")</ref>
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== Ragam ==
[[Berkas:Plaza de Mayo LGBT.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|[[:en:Pride parade|Parade kebanggaan]] 2010 di [[:en:Plaza de Mayo|Plaza de Mayo]], [[Buenos Aires]], yang menggunakan inisialisme LGBTIQ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marchadelorgullo.org.ar/|title=Marcha del Orgullo LGBTIQ|language=es|publisher=Comisión Organizadora de la Marcha (C.O.M.O)|access-date=2 December 2016|archive-date=8 October 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021008094404/http://www.marchadelorgullo.org.ar/|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
[[Berkas:Helsinki Pride Parade I (5897488480).jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Orang-orang berkumpul di [[:en:Senate Square, Helsinki|Senate Square]], [[Helsinki]], tepat sebelum [[:en:Helsinki Pride|parade Helsinki Pride 2011]] dimulai.]]
Ada banyak ragam yang mengganti susunan huruf dalam akronim ini. LGBT atau GLBT merupakan istilah yang paling banyak digunakan saat ini.<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend" /> Meskipun maknanya sama, "LGBT" punya konotasi yang lebih [[feminis]] dibanding "GLBT" karena menempatkan "L" terlebih dahulu.<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend" /> Akronim ini saat tidak meliputi kaum transgender disingkat menjadi "LGB".<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend" /><ref name="Psychology and Sexu">{{cite book|last=Bohan|first=Janis S.|title= Psychology and Sexual Orientation: Coming to Terms|publisher= Routledge|date=1996|isbn=0415915147|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=v5IzSjeq1S8C&dq=%22GLBT%22+%22LGBT%22&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
|accessdate = 2008-07-05 }}</ref> Huruf "Q" untuk "[[queer]]" atau "''[[mempertanyakan (seksualitas dan gender)|questioning]]''" (mempertanyakan) kadang-kadang ditambahkan (<span xml:lang="la-Latn" lang="la-Latn">contoh</span>, "LGBTQ", "LGBTQQ", atau "GLBTQ?").<ref name="In-Between Bodies">{{cite book|last=Bloodsworth-Lugo|first=Mary K.|title=In-Between Bodies: Sexual Difference, Race, and Sexuality|publisher=SUNY Press|date=2007|isbn=0791472213|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Ph74JKY_5dwC&dq=LGBTQ&lr=&num=50&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
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|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=IqivmWcKYZEC&dq=lgbtp&lr=&num=50&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
|accessdate=2008-07-05 }}</ref> Susunan huruf-huruf tersebut tidak terstandardisasi; huruf-huruf kurang umum yang telah disebutkan dapat ditambahkan dalam susunan apapun.<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend"/> Istilah yang beragam tidak mewakili perbedaan politis antar komunitas, tetapi muncul dari prarasa individu dan kelompok.<ref name="Narrative Therapy">{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Catrina|coauthors=Tod Augusta-Scott|title=Narrative Therapy: Making Meaning, Making Lives|publisher=Sage Publications Inc|date= 2006|isbn=1412909880|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=STMieEKGGikC&dq=LGBT+variations&lr=&num=50&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
|accessdate=2008-07-05}}</ref> Istilah [[panseksual]], [[omniseksual]], ''fluid'', dan ''[[queer]]'' dianggap masuk ke dalam "biseksual".<ref>Estraven [http://binetusa.blogspot.com/2009/04/we-are-all-somewhere-between-straight.html We are all somewhere between straight and gay . . . .] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708025654/http://binetusa.blogspot.com/2009/04/we-are-all-somewhere-between-straight.html |date=2011-07-08 }} April 20, 2009 [[BiNet USA|BiNet USA News and Opinions]]</ref> Demikian pula, bagi beberapa orang istilah transeksual dan interseks masuk ke dalam "transgender", meskipun banyak transeksual dan interseks yang menolaknya.<ref name="Bisexuality and Transgend" />
"SGL" ("''[[same gender loving]]''", pecinta sesama jenis) kadang-kadang digunakan orang [[Afrika-Amerika]] untuk memisahkan diri dari komunitas LGBT yang menurut mereka didominasi orang kulit putih.<ref name="The Politics of Gay Rights">{{cite book|last=Rimmerman|first=Craig A.|coauthors=Kenneth D. Wald, Clyde Wilcox|title=The Politics of Gay Rights|publisher=University of Chicago Press
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| accessdate=2008-09-09 }}</ref> Majalah ''[[Anything That Moves]]'' menciptakan akronim ''FABGLITTER'' ([[fetishisme seksual|'''F'''etish]] seperti komunitas gaya hidup [[BDSM]], '''A'''llies atau poly-'''A'''morous, '''B'''iseksual, '''G'''ay, '''L'''esbian, '''I'''nterseks, '''T'''ransgender, '''T'''ranssexual '''E'''ngendering Revolution (Revolusi Kelahiran Transeksual) atau inter-'''R'''acial attraction (ketertarikan antar ras)), tetapi istilah ini juga tidak banyak digunakan.<ref name="Gay Pride Nee">{{cite web | last=Swain | first=Keith W. | title=Gay Pride Needs New Direction | publisher=[[Denver Post]] | date=21 June 2007 |url = http://www.denverpost.com/ci_6198394?source=rss |accessdate= 2008-07-05 }}</ref>
Akronim lain yang mulai menyebar pengunaannya adalah ''QUILTBAG'' ('''Q'''ueer/'''Q'''uestioning, '''U'''ndecided (belum ditentukan), '''I'''nterseks, '''L'''esbian, '''T'''rans, '''B'''iseksual, '''A'''seksual, '''G'''ay). Akan tetapi, istilah ini juga belum umum.<ref name="Separate But Equal">{{cite web | last=Smith | first=S. E. |
== Kritik ==
[[Berkas:Were a gay and happy family wagon.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Keluarga LGBT, seperti ini di [[:en:Pride parade|parade kebanggaan]] [[:en:LGBT culture at Boston|Boston]] tahun 2007, diberi label sebagai ''[[non-heteroseksual]]'' oleh para peneliti karena berbagai alasan.<ref name="The Spectre of Promiscuity">{{cite book | last = Klesse | first = Christian | title = The Spectre of Promiscuity: Gay Male and Bisexual Non-Monogamies and Polyamories | publisher = Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. | isbn = 978-0-7546-4906-9 | year = 2007 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_UR77Hw2WLYC | access-date = 2 July 2015 | archive-date = 6 September 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150906172622/https://books.google.com/books?id=_UR77Hw2WLYC | url-status = live }}{{clarify |reason=Does this source really claim that trans individuals are "non-heterosexual"? This needs a page number, and an excerpt. |date=May 2018}}</ref>{{better source needed |reason=As the title of the reference indicates, this book is about gay males and bisexuals; an assertion about "LGBT families" would be better off in a book covering all facets of LGBT. |date=May 2018}}]]
Tidak semua orang yang disebutkan setuju dengan istilah LGBT atau GLBT.<ref name="Counseling Lesbian, G">{{cite book|last=Finnegan|first=Dana G.|coauthor = Emily B. McNally|title=Counseling Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Substance Abusers: Dual Identities|publisher=Haworth Press|date=2002|isbn=1560239255, 9781560239253|url =http://books.google.com/books?id=I32nHF_gaTsC|accessdate=2008-07-05}}</ref> Contohnya, ada yang berpendapat bahwa pergerakan transgender dan transeksual tidak sama dengan lesbian, gay, dan biseksual (LGB).<ref name="Coming Out in Christi">{{cite book|last=Wilcox|first=Melissa M.|title= Coming Out in Christianity: Religion, Identity, and Community
|publisher=Indiana University Press|date=2003|isbn=0253216192|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=yjdhpMnHEIMC&dq=%22+the+use+of+LGBT%22&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
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| accessdate=2009-06-24 }}</ref>
Banyak orang mencoba mengganti singkatan LGBT dengan istilah umum.<ref name="Sexual Identities, Queer Politi"/>
|last=Armstrong|first=Elizabeth A.|title=Forging Gay Identities: Organizing Sexuality in San Francisco, 1950–1994
|publisher=University of Chicago Press|date=2002|isbn=0226026949|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=jnYy6hSdocAC
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|accessdate=2008-07-05 }}</ref><ref name="Forging Gay Identities"/> "Pelangi" punya konotasi yang berkaitan dengan ''[[hippies]]'', pergerakan [[Zaman Baru]], dan organisasi seperti [[Rainbow/PUSH|Rainbow/PUSH Coalition]] di Amerika Serikat.
Penggambaran "komunitas LGBT" atau "komunitas LGB" juga tidak disukai beberapa lesbian, gay, biseksual, transgender, dan juga [[ontologi|ontolog]].<ref name="In-Between Bodies"/><ref name="That's Revolting">{{cite book|last=Sycamore|first=Matt Bernstein|title=That's Revolting!: Queer Strategies for Resisting Assimilation|publisher=Soft Skull Press|date=2005|isbn=1932360565|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4moAP04OpPIC|accessdate=2008-07-05}}{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="The Political Edge">{{cite book|last=Carlsson|first=Chris|title=The Political Edge|publisher=City Lights Books|date=2005|isbn=1931404054|url = http://books.google.com/books?id=baLQUlbCankC
|accessdate=2008-07-05 }}</ref> Beberapa tidak setuju dengan solidaritas politis dan sosial, serta kampanye hak asasi manusia dan visibilitas yang biasanya
▲|accessdate=2008-07-05 }}</ref> Beberapa tidak setuju dengan solidaritas politis dan sosial, serta kampanye hak asasi manusia dan visibilitas yang biasanya ikut serta, termasuk ''[[gay pride]]''.<ref name="That's Revolting"/><ref name="The Political Edge"/> Beberapa dari mereka meyakini bahwa mengelompokkan orang dengan orientasi non-heteroseksual menimbulkan mitos bahwa menjadi gay/lesbian/bi menjadikan seseorang berbeda dari yang lain.<ref name="In-Between Bodies"/><ref name="That's Revolting"/> Orang-orang semacam ini tidak banyak terlihat jika dibandingkan dengan aktivis gay atau LGBT lain.<ref name="That's Revolting"/><ref name="The Political Edge"/> Faksi ini sulit dipisahkan dari orang-orang heteroseksual, sehingga umum bagi orang untuk menduga bahwa semua LGBT mendukung kebebasan dan visibilitas LGBT dalam masyarakat, termasuk hak seseorang untuk hidup berbeda dari yang lain.<ref name="That's Revolting"/><ref name="The Political Edge"/><ref name="Class Matters: Cr">{{cite book|last=Leondar-Wright|first=Betsy|title=Class Matters: Cross-Class Alliance Building for Middle-Class Activists
|publisher=New Society Publishers|date=2005|isbn=0865715238
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=aD4yphfHBWMC&dq=GLBT+LGBT&lr=&num=50&as_brr=3&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0
|accessdate=2008-07-05 }}</ref> Dalam buku "''Anti-Gay''", koleksi esai tahun 1996 yang disunting oleh [[Mark Simpson (jurnalis)|Mark Simpson]], konsep identitas "satu ukuran cocok untuk semua" yang didasarkan pada [[stereotip LGBT]] dikritik karena menekan kepribadian kaum LGBT.<ref>
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Hak LGBT menurut negara]]
* [[Hak LGBT di Indonesia]]
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{{Portal|LGBT}}
* The LibraryThing Blog. [http://www.librarything.com/blog/2005/12/tags-again-glbt-vs-lgbt.php Tags again: GLBT vs. LGBT] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091121094218/http://www.librarything.com/blog/2005/12/tags-again-glbt-vs-lgbt.php |date=2009-11-21 }} Published online.
* Safe Schools Coalition. [http://www.safeschoolscoalition.org/glossary.pdf Glossary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515204547/http://www.safeschoolscoalition.org/glossary.pdf |date=2011-05-15 }} Published online.
* Religious Institute. "Time to Seek" [http://www.religiousinstitute.org/documents/TimetoSeekdefinitions.pdf Definitions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325135852/http://www.religiousinstitute.org/documents/TimetoSeekdefinitions.pdf |date=2009-03-25 }} Published online.
* Stahl, S. [http://www.jewishlibraries.org/ajlweb/publications/proceedings/proceedings2004/stahl.pdf Sorting the Alphabet Soup of Sexual Orientation and Identity: a Guide to LBGT Sources] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716080929/http://www.jewishlibraries.org/ajlweb/publications/proceedings/proceedings2004/stahl.pdf |date=2011-07-16 }} Published online.
== Pranala luar ==
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* {{dmoz|Society/Gay,_Lesbian,_and_Bisexual|Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual}}
* {{dmoz|Society/Transgendered|Transgendered}}
* {{en}} [http://www.glbtq.com/ GLBTQ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050317094204/http://www.glbtq.com/ |date=2005-03-17 }} — Ensiklopedia gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, queer
* {{en}} [https://sites.google.com/site/genderguide/ Genderguide], tersedia presentasi powerpoint yang menjelaskan akronim, dan perbedaan antara seks, gender, dan orientasi seksual
* {{en}} [http://www.gaylgbt.com/ GayLGBT.com]
* {{en}} [http://www.issuelab.org/closeup/June_2008 Koleksi Penelitian Nirlaba tentang LGBT Muda] Dipublikasi di IssueLab
* {{en}} [http://directory.lgbtcenters.org Directory of U.S. and international LGBT Community Centers]
* {{en}} [http://www.lgbtnetwork.eu LGBT Network (Europe)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125022845/http://www.lgbtnetwork.eu/ |date=2009-11-25 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/index.aspx American Psychological Association's Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Concerns Office]
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