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[[Berkas:C+B-Trachonitis-Map.JPG|ka|jmpl|TrakhonitisPeta petaTrakhonitis dari Encyclopaedia Biblica (1903)]]
: ''"Trakhonitis"'' beralih ke halaman ini.''
'''Lajat''' ({{Arabiyyah|اللجاة}}/ALA-LC: ''al-Lajāʾ'', juga dieja ''Lejat'', ''Lajah'', ''el-Leja'' atau ''Laja'') adalah bidang lava terbesar di selatan [[Suriah]], yang mencakup sekitar 900 kilometer persegi. Terletak sekitar {{Convert|50|km|mi|sp=us}} sebelah tenggara [[Damaskus]]. Lajat berbatasan dengan dataran Hauran ke barat dan kaki bukit [[Jabal al-Druze]] ke selatan. Rata-rata ketinggian antara 600 dan 700 meter di atas permukaan laut, dengan gunung berapi kerucut tertinggi 1,159 meter di atas permukaan laut. Menerima sedikit curah hujan tahunan, Lajat sebagian besar tandus, meskipun ada daerah-daerah tanah subur tersebar di beberapa depresi (cekungan).
'''Lajat''' ({{Arabiyyah|اللجاة}}/ALA-LC: ''al-Lajāʾ'', juga dieja ''Lejat'', ''Lajah'', ''el-Leja'' atau ''Laja''; juga '''Trakhonitis''') adalah bidang lava terbesar di selatan [[Suriah]], yang mencakup sekitar 900 kilometer persegi. Terletak sekitar {{Convert|50|km|mi|sp=us}} sebelah tenggara [[Damaskus]]. Lajat berbatasan dengan dataran Hauran ke barat dan kaki bukit [[Jabal al-Druze]] ke selatan. Rata-rata ketinggian antara 600 dan 700 meter di atas permukaan laut, dengan gunung berapi kerucut tertinggi 1,159 meter di atas permukaan laut. Menerima sedikit curah hujan tahunan, Lajat sebagian besar tandus, meskipun ada daerah-daerah tanah subur tersebar di beberapa depresi (cekungan).
 
Wilayah ini telah dikenal dengan sejumlah nama sepanjang sejarah, termasuk '''Argob''' ({{Lang-he-n|ארגוב}}ארגוב ''Argov'',<ref>{{Ayat Alkitab|2=Deuteronomy|3=Ulangan 3:13-14|4=NKJV}}</ref>) dalam [[Alkitab Ibrani]] dan '''Trakhonitis''' oleh [[Periode Hellenistik|orang-orang Yunani]], nama yang disebutkan dalam [[Injil Lukas]] ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+3%3A1&version=NRSV [Lukas 3:1]{{Bibleref2|Luke 3:1}}]). Lama dihuni oleh kelompok-kelompok [[Bangsa Arab|Arab]], mendapatkan perkembangan di bawah pemerintahan [[Kekaisaran Romawi|Romawi]], yang membangun jalan melalui pusat kegiatan wilayah, menghubungkan dengan [[Suriah (provinsi Romawi)|provinsi Romawi Suriah]]. Kultus pagan yang mendominasi Trakhonitis selama era Romawi dan pra-Romawi bertahan selama era [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur|Bizantium]], sampai abad ke-6 ketika agama Kristen menjadi dominan. Selama pemerintahan Bizantium, Trakhonitis mengalami pembangunan besar-besaran dengan gereja-gereja, rumah-rumah, tempat-tempat pemandian dan tiang-tiang yang dibangun di berbagai desa, yang penduduknya sebagian besar tetap orang Arab.
 
Pada suatu waktu wilayah itu ditinggalkan, tetapi dihuni kembali oleh pengungsi dari bagian Suriah lain selama invasi Mongol abad ke-13. Kemudian wilayah tersebut memperoleh nama Arab modern, ''al-Lajāʾ'', yang berarti "perlindungan". Selama awal pemerintahan [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Ottoman]] pada abad ke-16, di Lajat terdapat banyak desa yang bertanam biji-bijian, tetapi pada abad ke-17, wilayah itu hampir ditinggalkan. Suku [[Suku Badui (Arab)|Badui]] lokal, seperti Sulut, semakin menggunakan daerah untuk penggembalaan ternak mereka, dan migran [[Druze]] dari [[Gunung Lebanon]] mulai menetap di daerah tersebut pada awal abad ke-19. Saat ini, populasinya campuran, di mana Druze menghuni daerah pusat dan daerah timur, sedangkan [[Muslim]] dan Melkites tinggal di desa-desa sepanjang tepi barat.
 
== Etimologi ==
[[Berkas:Lajat,_Syria1.jpg|ka|jmpl|Reruntuhan struktur batu [[Basal|basaltikbasal]] struktur batutik di Lajat]]
Nama kuno "Trakhonitis" menandakan tanah itu terkait dengan ''trachon'', "tract batu kasar." Ada dua distrik vulkanik di selatan dan timur [[Damaskus]], dengan mana [[Bangsa Yunani|orang Yunani]] memberi namanya: yang barat laut dari gunung [[Basan]] ([[Jabal al-Druze|Jabal Hauran]]) disebut dalam [[bahasa Arab]], ''el-Leja'', yang berarti "perlindungan" atau "asilum (tempat suaka)". Lajat kira-kira berbentuk segitiga dengan ujung di bagian utara. Sisi-sisinya sekitar 25 mil panjangnya, dan dasar sekitar 20 mil. Lajat terletak di tengah-tengah negeri subur dan peternakan; dan meskipun tidak pernah bisa didukung jumlah penduduk yang besar, tempat itu selalu dihuni.
 
== Geografi ==
Lajat terletak di bagian tenggara Siria, terbentang dalam area berbentuk segitiga antara garis 45 kilometer [[:en:Izra'|Izra']]-[[:en:Shahba|Shahba]] ke selatan sampai dekat [[:en:Burraq|Burraq]], garis 48 kilometer utara Izra'-Shahba dan 50 kilometer selatan [[Damaskus]].<ref name="EI593">{{cite book|last1=Gaube|first1=H.|editor1-last=Bosworth|editor1-first=C. E.|editor2-last=Donzel|editor2-first=E. van|editor3-last=Lewis|editor3-first=B.|editor4-last=Pellat|editor4-first=Ch.|title=The Encyclopedia of Islam, Volume 5, Fasicules 87-88: New Edition |date=1982 |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden |page=593 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=apU3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA593 |chapter=Ladja'}}</ref> Batas utaranya secara kasar ditandai oleh ngarai Wadi al-Ajam, yang memisahkannya dari daerah negeri [[:en:Ghouta|Ghouta]] Damaskus.<ref name="EI593"/> Berbatasan di sebelah timur dengan daerah Ard al-Bathaniyya, sebelah tenggara dengan [[Jabal al-Druze]] (juga disebut Jabal Hauran), di sebelah selatan dengan Nuqrah (dataran [[:en:Hauran|Hauran]] selatan), di sebelah barat daya dengan [[Dataran Tinggi Golan]] dan di barat laut dengan Jaydur (dataran Hauran utara).<ref name="EI593"/> Bagian terluas daerah itu sama sekali tidak memberi hasil, tetapi di sana sini terdapat tapak-tapak tanah yang subur, dengan satu dua mata air.<ref name=kamussabda/>
 
=== Topografi ===
[[Berkas:Lajat,_Syria2.jpg|ka|jmpl|LanskapNegeri Lajat (digambarkan di sini pada tahun 2009) sebagian besar terdiri dari abu-abu, batu vulkanik dengan patch daridaerah-daerah tanah yang subur.]]
Lajat mempunyai rata-rata ketinggian antara 600 dan 700 meter di atas permukaan laut, dan itu lebih tinggi dari dataran sekitarnya.<ref name="Lewis631">Lewis, p. 631.</ref> Banyak kerucut vulkanik yang lebih tinggi dari 1.000 meter di atas permukaan laut, dengan yang tertinggi, hanya barat Shahba, di 1,159 meter. Secara umum kerucut vulkanik dan gundukan naik 20 sampai 30 meter di atas lava bidang.<ref name="Voysey206">Voysey 1920, p. 206.</ref>
<!--
Much of Lajat is largely covered by gray, disintegrated lava fields that forming jagged [[basalt]] boulders, though there are some areas of smoother, rocky ground punctured with holes.<ref name="Voysey208">Voysey 1920, p. 208.</ref> The holes were formed from gas bubbles caused by cooling lava that flowed over the uneven landscape.<ref name="Voysey208"/> Among the mostly barren landscape are depressions with far less rocky ground than the rest of the Lajat.<ref name="EI593"/> The depressions are called ''ka′'' in Arabic and have average diameters of 100 meters.<ref name="EI593"/> The depressions are likely the result of earlier volcanic eruptions.<ref name="EI593"/> The depressions represented scattered patches of arable land among lava and fewer larger areas of fertile ground.<ref name="Lewis631"/> The few [[wadi]]s (dried up streams) of the Lajat are generally shallow and broad.<ref name="Voysey208"/> Even fewer than the wadis are deep fissures that form caves or reservoirs.<ref name="Voysey208"/>
 
===Water sources===
Springs and underground water sources in Lajat are scarce and most water is supplied by cisterns.<ref name="EI593"/> Shortages of water are particularly severe during the summer months.<ref name="Lewis631"/> While during the Lajat's ancient history, its inhabitants stored water from winter rainfall in reservoirs built near homes, by the early 20th century, these reservoirs had long fallen into disrepair.<ref>Voysey 1920, pp. 208−209.</ref> Thus, by the modern era, every village contained rectangular cisterns to store rainwater, which served as the main water supply.<ref name="Voysey209">Voysey, p. 209.</ref>
-->
 
== Sejarah ==
=== Era Antik ===
==== Sejarah kuno ====
Terletak di timur laut Palestina, nama di [[Perjanjian Lama]] adalah [[Basan]].<ref name=kamussabda/> Pada masa kuno, Trakhonitis meliputi wilayah Lajat dan [[:en:Al-Safa (Syria)|Tulul as-Safa]] di sebelah timurnya.<ref name="EI593"/> Hampir selama milineum ke-1 dan ke-2 SM, daerah ini tidak penting secara politik dan dipengaruhi oleh [[:en:Aram-Damascus|orang Aramean]] berbasis di [[Damaskus]] dan [[Kerajaan Israel (Samaria)|orang Israel]].<ref name="EI593"/> Trakhonitis diambil alih oleh [[:en:Seleucid Empire|Kekaisaran Seleukia]] pada abad ke-2 SM. Selama masa ini, daerah itu merupakan zona perbatasan antara [[:en:Nabataean|Nabatea]] di selatan dan [[Iturea]] di timur laut, keduanya kelompok [[Arab]].<ref name="EI593"/>
 
==== Periode Romawi ====
[[Berkas:PhilipopolisSYRIE_012.jpg|ka|jmpl|Roman-bangunanBangunan era modernRomawi di kota modern Shahba (nama kuno: Phillipopolis), terletak di tepi tenggara dari Lajat]]
 
[[Kekaisaran Romawi]] menguasai Siria dan pada tahun 24 SM menempatkan Trakhonitis, waktu itu dihuni oleh pengelana nomadik dan penggembala ternak yang hidup di gua-gua dan cekungan-cekungan, di bawah otoritas [[Herodes Agung]].<ref name="EI593"/><!-- To keep watch over the people of Trachonitis, Herod built the town of Bathyra (modern location unknown, but possibly in the vicinity of [[as-Sanamayn]]).<ref name="EI593"/> During the Roman era, Trachonitis' inhabitants gradually became settled and gained exemption from taxation.<ref name="EI593"/>
 
The Romans built a road that passed through the center of Trachonitis and connected with the Roman road system in Syria.<ref name="EI593"/> Several towns and villages sprang up in Trachonitis between the 1st and 4th centuries CE.<ref name="EI593"/> Many of these settlements had theaters, colonnades and temples.<ref name="EI593"/> There are almost twenty sites in the Lajat that contain ruins and inscriptions from the Roman period, including Phillipopolis (modern-day [[Shahba]]) and Sha'ara (ancient name unknown).<ref name="EI593"/> The town of Zorava (modern-day [[Izra']]) was the political center of Trachonitis and its earliest inhabitants were Nabatean Arabs.<ref name="Trombley359">Trombley, p. 359.</ref> The main Nabatean tribes of the town were the Sammenoi and the Migdalenoi (migrants from nearby al-Mujaydil).<ref name="Trombley359"/> The inhabitants practiced a Roman pagan cult as early as 161 CE.<ref name="Trombley359"/> In the 3rd century, they built numerous houses and baths from basaltic stone, and the town had a relatively urban character.<ref name="Trombley359"/>
-->
Sejak tahun 4 SM menjadi bagian dari wilayah [[Tetrarki Herodes|Tetrarki]] [[Filipus bin Herodes|Herodes Filipus]] ([[Lukas 3:1]]) yang kemudian diperintah oleh [[Herodes Agripa I]] dan [[Agripa II]].<ref name=kamussabda>[http://alkitab.sabda.org/dictionary.php?word=Trakhonitis Kamus Alkitab: Trakhonitis]</ref> [[Kaisarea Filipi]] dan [[Betsaida]] adalah dua kota Perjanjian Baru dari wilayah itu. Trakhonitis dipastikan adalah daerah di sekitar Trakhon (Yosefus memakai kedua nama itu), dan sesuai dengan al-Laya modern, suatu daerah berbentuk jambu biji, yang terdiri dari muntahan gunung berapi yang sudah membatu, kira-kira 780&nbsp;km luasnya, di sebelah timur Galilea dan di sebelah selatan Damsyik. Sifat tanahnya yang sangat buruk membuat daerah ini menjadi tempat yang aman bagi orang-orang yang dikucilkan dan para penyamun. Varro, wali negeri [[Siria]], kaisar [[Augustus]], [[Herodes Agung]] dan [[Herodes Agripa I]] berusaha mengadabkan Trakhonitis, tetapi hanya dengan hasil yang lumayan saja. Di kemudian hari sebuah jalan raya Roma dibuat melintasi daerah itu. Targum Yonatan menyamakan Argob dalam Perjanjian Lama dengan Trakhonitis.<ref name=kamussabda/>
 
==== Periode Bizantium ====
[[Berkas:IzraBasilica of Saint George,StGeorge2 Izra.jpg|ka|jmpl|Bizantium-era basilikaBasilika Saint George dari era Bizantium di Izraa (kuno Zorava), yang terletak di ujung barat daya Lajat]]
 
Kekuasaan Romawi digantikan oleh [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]] di Siria selama pertengahan abad ke-4 M.<ref name="EI593"/><!-- For the following three centuries, Trachonitis saw a huge uptick in settlement and building activity.<ref name="EI593"/> Among the major Byzantine-era settlements were Bosor (modern [[Busra al-Harir]]), Zorava, Jirrin, Sur, Deir al-Juwani, Rimea, [[Umm al-Zaytun]], Shaqra and [[Harran, as-Suwayda|Harran]].<ref name="EI593"/><ref>Trombley, pp. 365–371.</ref> There are at least thirty sites in the Lajat with ruins tracing back to the Byzantine era.<ref name="EI593"/> The Byzantine era saw the expansion of Christianity in the regions surrounding the Lajat, but there archaeological evidence indicates that Christianity only affected a few Lajat villages, particularly those along its southwestern edges,<ref name="Trombley359"/> until the mid 6th century.<ref name="Trombley367">Trombley, p. 367.</ref> One of the earliest known Christian communities in Trachonitis was Sur (ancient name unknown), which had a Christian edifice dated to 458.<ref>Trombley, p. 366.</ref>
 
Zorava was the cosmopolitan capital of Byzantine Trachonitis.<ref name="Trombley359"/> Its pagan temple was replaced by the [[martyrium (architecture)|martyrium]] of [[Saint George]] in 515 and the town became a bishopric in 542.<ref name="Trombley59-60">Trombley, pp. 359–360.</ref> There are no earlier indications of a Christian presence in Zorava.<ref name="Trombley359"/> In addition to its Arab inhabitants, the town had a Greek-speaking community (Greek was the ''lingua franca'' of Byzantine Syria), made up mostly of army veterans, who themselves were likely ethnic Arabs recruited from the province.<ref name="Trombley59-60"/> By the mid-6th century, the Arabs of Trachonitis had largely become Christians with the cult of [[Saint Elijah]] being predominant; the cult of [[Saint Sergius]] was dominant in Trachonitis' neighboring regions.<ref name="Trombley367"/> In Harran, a bilingual Arabic-Greek inscription dated from 568 describes the construction of a martyrium built by a local Arab [[phylarch]].
 
===Middle Ages===
The region's modern name "Lajah" was first recorded during the Middle Ages, and the region was only mentioned by later Arab geographers, indicating that it had likely been abandoned prior to the 13th century.<ref name="EI593"/> In the early 13th century, during [[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid]] rule, the Lajat was said to contain a "large population" and numerous villages and fields, according to Syrian geographer [[Yaqut al-Hamawi]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Le Strange|first1=Guy|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500|date=1890|publisher=Alexander P. Watt|page=492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4HCPLpB3C8UC&pg=PA492}}</ref> According to historian H. Gaube, the Lajat was likely settled by refugees from other parts of Syria due to the pressures of the [[Mongol invasions of the Levant|Mongol invasions]].<ref name="EI593"/> There are at least thirteen sites in the Lajat that contain Islamic-era ruins, most of which date to the 13th century.<ref name="EI593"/>
 
===Ottoman era===
The Lajat contained some populated places during early [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule, which began in 1517, but other than a few Christian-populated villages along its western periphery, the region was abandoned by at least the 17th century.<ref name="EI593"/>
 
The Lajat was settled by [[Druze]] migrants, mostly from [[Wadi al-Taym]] and [[Mount Lebanon]], in the late 18th century and throughout the 19th century. Prior to that, the Lajat was dominated by the Sulut, a [[Bedouin]] tribe.<ref name="Firro173">Firro 1992, p. 173.</ref> Two Druze villages, [[Umm al-Zaytun]] and Lahithah, existed in the interior of the Lajat in the early 19th century.<ref name="Firro175">Firro 1992, p. 175.</ref> Major Druze settlement began in the aftermath of the [[1860 Mount Lebanon civil war]].<ref name="Firro173"/> By 1862, [[Dama, Syria|Dama]], Salakhid, Ahira, al-Kharsa, Sumayd and Harran, all in the heart of Lajat, were settled by Druze from the Azzam, Shalghin and Hamada families, who were newcomers to the Hauran region.<ref name="Firro175"/> The increasing Druze presence in Lajat led to confrontations with the Sulut tribesmen, their erstwhile allies, against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] authorities, in June 1868.<ref name="Firro174">Firro 1992, p. 174.</ref> [[Ismail al-Atrash]] led the Druze in their battles with the Sulut, while the prominent Druze clans of [[al-Hamdan]] and Bani Amer aligned with the Sulut against their chief rival, the [[al-Atrash|Bani al-Atrash]].<ref name="Firro174"/> The Ottoman governor of Damascus, Rashid Pasha, resolved to end the war, and mediated an agreement stipulating a total Druze withdrawal from Lajat.<ref name="Firro174"/>
 
Nonetheless, Druze habitation continued and was principally concentrated on the Lajat's eastern edge and its southern interior, which bordered the Druze heartland of [[Jabal al-Druze|Jabal Hauran]].<ref name="Firro175"/> In 1867, the Azzam and Halabi families established the villages al-Zabayer and al-Surah al-Saghirah, both situated at the eastern edge of Lajat, respectively.<ref name="Firro175"/> Between then and 1883, the Murshid family settled Lubayn, the Abu Hassun settled Jurayn and the Shalghin settled al-Majadil.<ref name="Firro175"/> Along the Lajat's eastern edge, the Halabi and Bani Amer families settled Jadaya, al-Matunah, Dhakir, Khalkhalah, [[Umm Haratayn, al-Suwayda|Umm Haratayn]], Hazim and al-Surah al-Kabirah.<ref name="Firro175"/> Druze activity in the Lajat's northeastern slopes regressed because of the scarcity of water and arable land, but the villages of al-Salmiyah, Huqf, Buthaynah, Burk, Arraja, Umm Dabib, al-Tayyibah and al-Ramah were established mostly by the Bani Amer, but also by Bani al-Atrash, al-Ghanim and al-Qal'ani between 1862 and 1883.<ref name="Firro175"/>
-->
=== Era modern ===
<!--In the early 20th century, the cultivated areas of the Lajat were mostly located in its western and southwestern parts, where soil was cleared of stone and nutrient rich.<ref name="Voysey208"/> Wheat and barley were grown in small quantities, and in the vicinity of some villages were olive, apricot and pear trees; other than that, the region was treeless. Other vegetation included several patches wild flowers throughout narrow cracks between the rocks of the Lajat.<ref>Voysey 1920, p. 211.</ref> -->Lajat dijadikan "''World [[:en:Biosphere reserve|Biosphere reserve]]''" oleh [[UNESCO]] pada tahun 2009.
 
== Catatan Alkitab ==
[[Berkas:Iturea-Trachonitis.PNG|ka|jmpl|Iturea, Gaulanitis ([[Dataran Tinggi Golan|Golan]]), Trakhonitis (Trachonitis; Lajat), Auranitis (Hauran), dan Batanaea dipada abad pertama Masehi.]]
SangatWilayah kasarsangat wilayahberbatu-batu, enam puluh kota-kota yang berkubu berada di pulaudaerah yang diperintah oleh [[Og]] pada saat penaklukan Israel ({{Ayat Alkitab|2=Deuteronomy|3=Ulangan 3:4|4=NIV}}; {{Ayat Alkitab|1|Kings| Raja-raja 4:13|NIV}}). Kemudian, Lajat, di Basan, adalah salah satu dari komisariat kabupaten [[Salomo]] komisariat kabupaten.<ref>{{Ayat Alkitab|1|Kings| Raja-raja 4:13|NIV}}</ref> Dalam [[Injil Lukas]], wilayah itu disebut ''Trakhonitis'' ("daerah kasar") ([http://bible.cc/luke/3-11.htm [Lukas 3:1]]). Wilayah ini merupakan bagian dari [[Tetrarki Herodes|tetrarki]] [[Filipus bin Herodes|Herodes Filipus]] [[Tetrarki|tetrarchy]] - itunama [[Hapax legomenon|yang hanya disebut sekali dalam Alkitab]], dalam kalimat ''tes Itouraias kai TrachbnitidosTrachonitidos choras'', secara harfiah, "Iturean dan Trachonian wilayah".
 
: Di sini "enam puluh kota-kota yang berkubu masih dapat dilacak di ruang 308 mil persegi. Arsitektur adalah lambanberat dan besar-besaranmasif. Dinding Solidpadat tebalnya 4 kaki tebal, dan batu-batu di atas satu sama lain tanpa semen; atapberatap lembaran besar dari batuan basaltik, seperti besi; pintu gerbang dari batu setebal 18 inci tebal, dijamindiamankan dengan lambanpalang barberat. Tanah bears masih penampilanberpenampilan darisebagaimana yang telah disebutsebutan 'tanah kaum raksasa' di bawah pemerintahan raksasa Og."
: "SayaAku memilikitelah lebih dari sekali memasuki sebuah kota sepi di malam hari, mengambil alih rumah yang nyaman, dan menghabiskan malam dalam damai. Banyak rumah-rumah di kota-kota kuno dari Basan yangmasih sempurna, seolah-olah baru selesai dibangun kemarin. Dinding suarakuat, atap terputustertutup baik, dan bahkan jendela-jendela masih di tempat merekatempatnya. Ini kotaKota-kota kuno dariBasan Basanini mungkin berisi tertua spesimen arsitektur domestik tertua di dunia" (Porter, 1867).
 
== Populasi ==
<!--
Pada awal abad ke-20, sekitar 5.000 semi-nomaden Badui dari Sulut suku dan populasi yang lebih kecil dari Badui dari Fahsa suku yang mendiami Lajat. di Samping mereka adalah sekitar 10.000 Druze petani yang tinggal di sepanjang tepi timur dan tenggara dan sebagian kecil di pedalaman.
Most of the inhabited areas of the Lajat are along its fringes, with only a few scattered villages in the interior. The interior villages lay in relatively stone-less depressions.<ref name="EI593"/> Most villages were built among the Lajat's ancient ruins.<ref name="Voysey209"/> Historically, the population of the Lajat consisted of nomadic and semi-nomadic [[Bedouin]] tribesmen, peasants from the [[Hauran]] plain who occasionally used it as a refuge, and beginning in the 19th century, Druze from Jabal al-Druze who settled it and/or occasionally used it for refuge or to exploit resources.<ref name="Lewis631"/> The Lajat as a grazing area for sheep, goats and camels.<ref name="Lewis631"/>
-->
Pada awal abad ke-20, sekitar 5.000 semi-nomaden Badui dari suku Sulut suku dan populasi yang lebih kecil dari Badui dari Fahsa suku yang mendiami Lajat. di Samping mereka adalah sekitar 10.000 Druze petani yang tinggal di sepanjang tepi timur dan tenggara dan sebagian kecil di pedalaman.
 
=== Tempat berpopulasi di Lajat ===
{| class="nowraplinks" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" rules="all" style="background:#fbfbfb; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; font-size:90%; empty-cells:show; border-collapse:collapse"
 
|- style="background:#B2E2F2"
! Nama !! Distrik !! Populasi (2004)<ref>[https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/files/syr_pop_2004_sycensus_0.xls 2004 census figures] from the [[Central Bureau of Statistics (Syria)]].</ref> !! Keagamaan !! Lokasi
|-
|[[Al-Ariqah]]
|[[Shahba District|Shahba]]
|3,798
|[[Druze]]
|Interior
|-
|Asim
|[[Izra District|Izra]]
|821
|Muslim
|Interior
|-
|Braykah
|Shahba
|1,055
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|[[Burraq]]
|[[Al-Sanamayn District|As-Sanamayn]]
|1,799
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|[[Busra al-Harir]]
|Izra
|13,315
|Muslim
|Southern edge
|-
|[[Dama, Syria|Dama]]
|Shahba
|1,799
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|Dhakir
|Shahba
|519
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|Ad-Duwayri
|[[As-Suwayda District|As-Suwayda]]
|950
|Druze
|Southern edge
|-
|[[Harran, as-Suwayda|Harran]]
|Shahba
|1,523
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|Hazm
|Shahba
|858
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|[[Izra]]
|Izra
|19,158
|[[Melkites|Melkite Christian]]
|Southern edge
|-
|Jaddil
|Izra
|1,508
|Muslim
|Interior
|-
|Jirrin
|Shahba
|507
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|[[Khabab]]
|As-Sanamayn
|1,508
|Melkite Christian
|Western edge
|-
|Khalkhalah
|Shahba
|2,268
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|Al-Kharsah
|Shahba
|547
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|Lahithah
|Shahba
|2,275
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|[[Lubayn]]
|Shahba
|1,730
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|Al-Matunah
|Shahba
|1,366
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|Al-Mujaydil
|Izra
|598
|?
|Western edge
|-
|[[Al-Masmiyah]]
|As-Sanamayn
|1,498
|Melkite Christian
|Interior
|-
|[[Najran, Syria|Najran]]
|As-Suwayda
|2,955
|Druze
|Southern edge
|-
|Qarrasa
|As-Suwayda
|638
|Druze
|Southern edge
|-
|Rimat al-Luhf
|As-Suwayda
|1,925
|Druze
|Southern edge
|-
|Rudaymat al-Liwa
|Shahba
|1,001
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|Salakhid
|Shahba
|950
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|Sha'rah
|As-Sanamayn
|1,508
|Muslim
|Interior
|-
|[[Shahba]]
|Shahba
|13,360
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|Sumayd
|Shahba
|853
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|Sur
|Izra
|924
|Muslim
|Interior
|-
|As-Surah al-Kabirah
|Shahba
|885
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|As-Surah as-Saghirah
|Shahba
|1,517
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|[[Umm Haratayn, al-Suwayda|Umm Haratayn]]
|Shahba
|574
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|[[Umm az-Zaytun]]
|Shahba
|1,913
|Druze
|Eastern edge
|-
|Waqm
|Shahba
|429
|Druze
|Interior
|-
|}
== Peta ==
<gallery>
Baris 48 ⟶ 303:
 
== Pustaka ==
{{refbegin}}
 
* {{cite book|first=Kais|last=Firro|title=A History of the Druzes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=usEUXYnYWxAC&pg=PA175|volume=1|publisher=BRILL|year=1992|isbn=9004094377|page=175}}
* {{cite book|last1=Lewis|first1=Norman N.|editor1-last=Panzac|editor1-first=Daniel|title=Histoire économique et sociale de l'Empire ottoman et de la Turquie (1326-1960)|date=1995|publisher=Peeters Publishers|isbn=90-6831-799-7|chapter=The Laja' in the Last Century of Ottoman Rule}}
* Porter, Josias Leslie. ''The Giant Cities of Bashan and Syria's Holy Places'', New York: T. Nelson, 1867. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081210085623/http://home.att.net/~warplover/08_bashan_and_its_giant_cities_v.html]
* {{cite journal|last1=Voysey|first1=Annesley|title=Notes on the Laja|journal=The Geographical Journal|date=September 1920|volume=56|issue=3|jstor=1781537}}
{{refend}}
== Pranala luar ==
 
* Ewing, W. [http://www.bible-history.com/isbe/A/ARGOB+%282%29/ "Definisi ARGOB (2)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923184447/http://www.bible-history.com/isbe/A/ARGOB+%282%29/ |date=2015-09-23 }}, ''International Standard Bible Encyclopedia'', tahun 1915.
* [http://www.studylight.org/enc/isb/view.cgi?word=Trachonitis&action=Lookup&search.x=19&search.y=8 TRAKHONITISTrachonitis] - Study Light.
{{Lukas}}
 
[[Kategori:Geografi Suriah]]
[[Kategori:Tempat di Alkitab]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Lajat"