Boikot, Divestasi, dan Sanksi: Perbedaan antara revisi
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<!-- Kindly use {{cite news}}, {{cite web}}, etc. in<ref>s -->
<!--[[Berkas:BDS Movement logo.gif|jmpl|250px|ka|Logo gerakan BDS]]-->
{{Infobox organization
|full_name= ''Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions''
[[Berkas:Israel - Boycott, divest, sanction.jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|Unjuk rasa BDS di [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]], menolak [[blokade Gaza]] oleh Israel dan serangan terhadap armada kapal kemanusiaan tahun 2010.]]
[[Berkas:Al Quds.jpg|jmpl|ka|250px|[[Yahudi Haredi]] di [[Yerusalem]] memegang [[bendera Palestina]] disertai teks "''Boycott Israel''".]]
|abbreviation=BDS
|formation=9 Juli 2005
|founder=Omar Barghouti, Ramy Shaat
|type = [[Organisasi nirlaba]]
|purpose = Boikot
|leader_title = Koordinator Umum
|leader_name = Mahmoud Nawajaa
|main_organ = Komite Nasional BDS Palestina
|website= [https://bdsmovement.net bdsmovement.net]
}}
'''Boikot, Divestasi, dan Sanksi''' ({{lang-en|Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions}}, disingkat '''BDS''') adalah kampanye global<ref name="Svirsky2011">{{cite book|author=Marcelo Svirsky|title=Arab-Jewish activism in Israel-Palestine|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=iQj5GhqfMloC&pg=PA123|accessdate=3 June 2013|date=28 October 2011|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4094-2229-7|page=121}}</ref> yang menekan [[Israel]] dari segi ekonomi dan politik agar mau mematuhi tujuan gerakan ini: mengakhiri [[wilayah pendudukan Israel|pendudukan dan kolonisasi Israel]] terhadap [[Negara Palestina|tanah Palestina]], kesetaraan hak [[warga Arab di Israel|warga Arab-Palestina di Israel]], dan menghormati [[hak pemulangan Palestina|hak pulang pengungsi Palestina]].<ref name="Svirsky2011"/>
Kampanye ini dimulai tanggal 9 Juli 2005 oleh 171 [[lembaga swadaya masyarakat]] Palestina yang mendukung tujuan [[pergerakan Palestina]] berupa [[boikot]], [[divestasi]], dan [[sanksi internasional]] terhadap [[Israel]]. Sambil mengutip [[Daftar resolusi PBB tentang Israel dan Palestina|resolusi PBB]] dan menggaungkan kampanye anti-apartheid terhadap pemerintah minoritas kulit putih di [[Apartheid di Afrika Selatan|Afrika Selatan era apartheid]],<ref name=Israel-and-the-Campus>{{cite web |author=[[Mitchell G. Bard]] |author2=Jeff Dawson |title=Israel and the Campus: The Real Story |publisher=[[American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise|AICE]]|year=2012|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/IsraelonCampusReport2012.pdf|accessdate=27 October 2013}}</ref> kampanye BDS menuntut dilancarkannya "segala bentuk boikot terhadap Israel sampai negara tersebut memenuhi kewajibannya sesuai [[hukum internasional]]".<ref name="Tripp2013">{{cite book|author=Charles Tripp|title=The Power and the People: Paths of Resistance in the Middle East|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zrGO6R7pMnsC&pg=PA125|accessdate=3 June 2013|date=25 February 2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-80965-8|page=125}}</ref>
Muncul perdebatan soal cakupan, keberhasilan, dan moralitas gerakan BDS. Pengkritiknya berpendapat bahwa gerakan BDS mempromosikan [[delegitimisasi Israel]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Want to delegitimize Israel? Be careful who you mess with|author=Nathan Guttman|url=http://www.haaretz.com/news/want-to-delegitimize-israel-be-careful-who-you-mess-with-1.284184|newspaper=Haaretz|date=13 April 2010|accessdate=16 September 2012}}</ref> Pendukung BDS berpendapat bahwa gerakan maupun kritik terhadap gerakan ini sama seperti boikot terhadap [[Afrika Selatan]] pada masa apartheid.<ref>[http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2013/08/2013816123418836902.html Boycotts that aid the Palestinians] by [[Ben White (journalist)|Ben White]], ''[[Al Jazeera]]'', 16 August 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/07/why-bds-at-brooklyn-college-means-broadening-the-discourse-about-security.html What's So Wrong With BDS?] by Jerry Haber, ''[[The Daily Beast]]'', 7 February 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/israel-is-new-south-africa-as-boycott-calls-increase-7813538.html Israel is new South Africa as boycott calls increase] by Jonathan Owen, ''[[The Independent]]'', 3 June 2012.</ref>
Pada awal 2014, [[Yair Lapid]], menteri keuangan Israel, menyatakan bahwa Israel sedang mendekati "titik balik" yang sama seperti Afrika Selatan saat seluruh dunia berbalik melawan negara itu pada hari-hari terakhir apartheid.<ref>http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21595948-israels-politicians-sound-rattled-campaign-isolate-their-country Sanctions against Israel: A campaign that is gathering weight</ref> Bulan Maret 2014, harian ''[[Maariv (surat kabar)|Maariv]]'' melaporkan bahwa gerakan BDS membuat Israel mengalami kerugian ekonomi sebesar 100 juta [[shekel baru Israel|shekel]] ([[USD|US$]]32 juta atau €22 juta) sepanjang tahun 2014.<ref>https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/10165-bds-costs-israel-100-million-shekels-in-losses{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
== Tujuan ==
Baris 6 ⟶ 29:
# Mengakui hak-hak asasi [[warga Arab Israel|warga negara Arab-Palestina di Israel]] dengan kesetaraan penuh; dan
# Menghormati, melindungi, dan mengangkat hak [[pengungsi Palestina]] untuk [[hak pulang Palestina|pulang ke rumah dan tempat tinggalnya]] sesuai [[Resolusi Majelis Umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa 194|Resolusi PBB 194]]."<ref name=BDS2>{{cite web |title=Introducing the BDS Movement |url=http://www.bdsmovement.net/call |publisher=Palestinian BDS National Committee |accessdate=22 February 2012}}</ref>
== Metode ==
[[Pekan Apartheid Israel]] adalah rangakaian kegiatan yang umumnya digelar pada bulan Februari atau Maret.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://apartheidweek.org/en/about |title=About Israeli Apartheid Week |access-date=2010-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090224200120/http://apartheidweek.org/en/about |archive-date=24 February 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
== Lihat pula ==
Baris 13 ⟶ 39:
== Referensi ==
* {{cite book|last=Barghouti|first=Omar|authorlink=Omar Barghouti|title=Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions: The Global Struggle for Palestinian Rights|url=https://archive.org/details/boycottdivestmen0000barg|year=2011|publisher=Haymarket Books|isbn=978-1-60846-114-1}}
* Brackman, Harold. [http://www.wiesenthal.com/atf/cf/%7B54d385e6-f1b9-4e9f-8e94-890c3e6dd277%7D/REPORT_313.PDF "Boycott Divestment Sanctions (BDS) Against Israel: An Anti-Semitic, Anti-Peace Poison Pill"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329050634/http://www.wiesenthal.com/atf/cf/%7B54d385e6-f1b9-4e9f-8e94-890c3e6dd277%7D/REPORT_313.PDF |date=2017-03-29 }}. ''[[Simon Wiesenthal Center]]''. March 2013. 1 June 2013.
== Catatan kaki ==
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* [http://www.bdsmovement.net/ Global BDS Campaign]
* [http://www.bricup.org.uk/ BRICUP (the British Committee for the Universities of Palestine) the body that promotes the academic boycott in the UK]
* [http://www.pacbi.org PACBI (Palestinian campaign for the academic and cultural boycott of Israel)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314215501/http://www.pacbi.org/ |date=2021-03-14 }}
* [http://www.bdsmovement.net/?q=node/52 Palestinian United Call for BDS against Israel by the Boycott National Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505132151/http://www.bdsmovement.net/?q=node%2F52 |date=2010-05-05 }}
* [http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/02/20122198353750111.html Jello Biafra: "Caught in the crossfire: Should musicians boycott Israel?" on Al Jazeera website] (critically supportive)
* [http://www.australiansforpalestine.net/ Australians for Palestine (Australian organization supporting BDS)]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
=== Kritik ===
* [http://www.bdsisrael.com/ BDSISRAEL Canadian Anti-BDS Association - Countering BDS Movement] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226032028/http://www.bdsisrael.com/ |date=2010-12-26 }}
* Jiulio Meotti, [http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4115718,00.html Is BDS campaign working?], [[Ynetnews]], 31 August 2011
* [http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article/ngo_leadership_in_boycott_and_divestment_campaigns NGO Monitor, Israeli anti-BDS organisation]
* [http://www.wiesenthal.com/atf/cf/%7B54d385e6-f1b9-4e9f-8e94-890c3e6dd277%7D/REPORT_313.PDF "Boycott Divestment Sanctions (BDS) Against Israel: An Anti-Semitic, Anti-Peace Poison Pill"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329050634/http://www.wiesenthal.com/atf/cf/%7B54d385e6-f1b9-4e9f-8e94-890c3e6dd277%7D/REPORT_313.PDF |date=2017-03-29 }}, [[Simon Wiesenthal Center]], March 2013
* [http://jppi.org.il/uploads/Factors_in_delegitimation_of_Israel_and_younger_Jews.pdf Delegitimation of Israel and Israel Attachments Among Jewish Young Adults:The College Campus and Other Contributing Factors], a paper by [[The Jewish People Policy Institute]]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Boycott, Divestment And Sanctions}}
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[[Kategori:Lembaga swadaya masyarakat yang terlibat konflik Israel–Palestina]]
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[[Kategori:Organisasi yang didirikan tahun 2005]]
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