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'''Komisi Peel''', nama resminya '''Komisi Kerajaan Palestina''' ({{lang-en|Palestine Royal Commission}}), adalah [[Komisi Kerajaan|Komisi Penyelidikan Kerajaan]] Britania Raya yang diketuai [[William Wellesley Peel, 1st Earl Peel|Lord Peel]] dan dibentuk tahun 1936 untuk menyelidiki penyebab kerusuhan di [[Mandat Palestina]], daerah yang dikuasai Britania Raya, setelah [[mogok umum Palestina|mogok umum Arab di Mandat Palestina]].
 
Pada tanggal 7 Juli 1937, Komisi Peel melaporkan bahwa [[Mandat Palestina Britania (instrumen hukum)|Mandat]] [[Liga Bangsa-Bangsa]] untuk pertama kalinya tidak bisa dijalankan dan menyarankan pembagian wilayah.<ref name=avalon>[http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/angap04.asp Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry - Appendix IV] Palestine: Historical Background</ref> Kabinet Britania Raya mendukung rencana pembagian ini, tetapi memerlukan lebih banyak informasi.<ref name="Mandated Landscape"/> Setelah laporan komisi diterbitkan, pada tahun 1938, [[Komisi Woodhead]] dibentuk untuk mendalaminya dan menyarankan rencana pembagian lengkap.
 
Penduduk Arab menolak rencana pembagian ini dan mengutuknya dengan suara bulat.<ref>Mazin B. Qumsiyeh, Popular Resistance in Palestine: A History of Hope and Empowerment (New York, 2011), p. 85.</ref> Komite Tinggi Arab menentang gagasan negara Yahudi<ref name="Podeh" >Elie Podeh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TXfJCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA28 ''Chances for Peace: Missed Opportunities in the Arab-Israeli Conflict''], University of Texas Press 2015 pp.28ff. </ref> dan meminta negara Palestina "yang melindungi semua hak warga Yahudi yang sah dan minoritas lain dan segala kepentingan Britania Raya".<ref name="Bose2009">{{cite book|author=Sumantra Bose|title=Contested Lands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KKZcgOJPjVkC&pg=PA223|date=30 June 2009|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-02856-2|page=223}}</ref> Mereka juga menuntut dihentikannya semua proses imigrasi dan pembelian tanah oleh orang Yahudi.<ref name="Podeh" /> Mereka berpendapat bahwa berdirinya negara Yahudi dan tidak adanya negara Palestina adalah pengkhianatan atas janji Britania Raya.<ref name="Mandated Landscape">Mandated Landscape: British Imperial Rule in Palestine 1929-1948</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/pss/25642368 British Policy in Palestine, 1937-38: From the Peel to the Woodhead Report, Bulletin of International News, Vol 15, No. 23 (Nov. 19, 1938), pp.3-7]</ref>
 
Para pemimpin Zionis terbelah menjadi dua dalam memandang rencana ini.<ref name="Podeh"/> Dalam resolusi Kongres Zionis 1937, para delegasi menolak rencana pembagian spesifik. Namun, prinsip pembagian wilayah secara umum "diterima" atau "tidak ditolak sepenuhnya" oleh semua faksi utama; para delegasi mendorong para pemimpin melanjutkan negosiasi.<ref name=Podeh /><ref>Itzhak Galnoor, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-22kHkqPvscC&pg=PA208 ''Partition of Palestine, The: Decision Crossroads in the Zionist Movement,''] State University of New York Press 2012 p.208.</ref><ref>
Allan Gerson, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Jj_dGawWJ-YC&pg=PA88 ''Israel, the West Bank and International Law,''] Frank Cass 1978 pp.87-88 n.33.</ref><ref>Herbert Druks, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6Msm-bTeCdkC&pg=PA33 ''The Uncertain Friendship: The U.S. and Israel from Roosevelt to Kennedy,''] ABC-Clio/Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001 p.33.</ref> Dewan [[Badan Yahudi]] meminta dibentuknya sebuah konferensi untuk membahas penyelesaian damai terhadap persatuan Palestina.<ref name="Podeh" /> Menurut [[Benny Morris]], Ben-Gurion dan Weizmann memandangnya 'sebagai batu loncatan untuk perluasan wilayah dan pendudukan seluruh Palestina.’<ref name="Podeh" /><ref name="MorrisBGW">[[Benny Morris]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=xC_uIe9G2FYC&pg=PT237 ''Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist- Arab Conflict, 1881-2001,''] Vintage Books 2001 pp.136-7</ref>
 
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Konflik Arab–Israel]]
* [[Buku Putih 1939]]
* [[Laporan Shaw]]
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=}}
 
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
<ref name="Weizmann1983p102">{{cite book|author=Chaim Weizmann|title=The Letters and Papers of Chaim Weizmann: series B|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PsabNtx33VMC&pg=PA102|date=1 January 1983|publisher=Transaction Publishers|isbn=978-0-87855-297-9|pages=102–|quote=On 25 November 1936, testifying before the Peel Commission, Weizmann said that there are in Europe 6,000,000 Jews ... "for whom the world is divided into places where they cannot live and places where they cannot enter."}}</ref>
 
<ref name="WoodheadReport1938">{{cite web|title=Woodhead commission report|url=https://archive.org/details/WoodheadCommission}}</ref>
 
<ref name="Morris2004p11">{{cite book|author=Benny Morris|title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PA11|accessdate=25 July 2013|year=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6|pages=11, 48, 49, |quote="p. 11 "while the Zionist movement, after much agonising, accepted the principle of partition and the proposals as a basis for negotiation"; p. 49 "In the end, after bitter debate, the Congress equivocally approved –by a vote of 299 to 160 – the Peel recommendations as a basis for further negotiation."}}</ref>
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==Bacaan lanjutan==
* ''Palestine Royal Commission Report Presented by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to Parliament by Command of His Majesty, July 1937.'' His Majesty’s Stationery Office., London, 1937. 404 pages + maps.
* Aharon Cohen, ''Israel and the Arab World'' (Funk and Wagnalls, New York, 1970) pp.&nbsp;207–210
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101231091409/http://domino.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/08e38a718201458b052565700072b358?OpenDocument Summary of the Report of the Palestine Royal Commission] (from the United Nations Information System on the Question of Palestine - UNISPAL)
* [https://unispal.un.org/pdfs/Cmd5479.pdf Full text of the report] at UNISPAL.
* [http://www.shapell.org/manuscript.aspx?ben-gurion-laments-rejection-of-1937-peel-commission David Ben-Gurion Laments Rejection of Peel Commission Recommendations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510011008/http://www.shapell.org/manuscript.aspx?ben-gurion-laments-rejection-of-1937-peel-commission |date=2014-05-10 }} Shapell Manuscript Foundation
 
{{Dokumen Mandat Palestina}}
 
[[CategoryKategori:Sejarah Israel]]
[[CategoryKategori:Mandat Palestina]]
[[CategoryKategori:Sejarah Palestina (kawasan)]]
[[CategoryKategori:Dokumen Mandat Palestina]]