Nimr an-Nimr: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Nimr Baqir an-Nimr''' sering disebut sebagai '''Syekh Nimr''' ({{lang-ar|نمر باقر النمر}}; {{lahirmati||21|6|1959||2|1|2016}}) adalah [[syekh]] dan [[ulama]] [[syiah]] di [[al-Awamiyah]], [[Syarqiyah, Arab Saudi]] yang ditangkap dan dieksekusi pemerintah [[Arab Saudi]] sehingga menciptakan ketegangan diplomatik antara syiah dan pemerintah [[sunni]].<ref name="ThReut_Nimr_seek_state">{{cite news|first=Ulf|last=Laessing|author2=Reed Stevenson|author3=Michael Roddy |pages=|title=Watching Bahrain, Saudi Shi'ites demand reforms|date=2011-02-22|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/22/us-saudi-shiites-idUSTRE71L33820110222|accessdate=2012-02-21|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/65cxW9sGK?url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/22/us-saudi-shiites-idUSTRE71L33820110222|archivedate=2012-02-21|deadurl=no}}</ref>

Dia populer di kalangan anak muda<ref name="08RIYADH1283" /><ref name="Guardian_Oct11biggestdemos" /> dan kritis terhadap [[politik Arab Saudi|pemerintah Arab Saudi]],<ref name="08RIYADH1283" /> ia menyerukan pemilihan umum yang bebas di Arab Saudi.<ref name="reaction">{{cite web |title=Saudi execution of Shia cleric sparks outrage in Middle East |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/02/saudi-execution-of-shia-cleric-sparks-outrage-in-middle-east |work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 Januari 2016}}</ref> Ia ditangkap oleh pemerintah Saudi pada tahun 2006, pada saat itu an-Nimr mengatakan ia dipukuli oleh [[Mabahith]].<ref name="08RIYADH1283" /> Pada tahun 2009, ia mengkritik pemerintah Saudi dan menyarankan bahwa jika hak [[Islam syiah di Arab Saudi|syiah Saudi]] tidak dihormati, Provinsi Syarqiyah harus memisahkan diri.<ref name="AP_Nimr_in_hidingThReut_Nimr_seek_state" /><ref name="ThReut_Nimr_seek_stateAP_Nimr_in_hiding" /><ref name="AlAhramW_secession" /> Otoritas Saudi merespon dengan menangkap an-Nimr dan 35 orang lain.<ref name="AP_Nimr_in_hiding" /><ref name="AI_Nimr_arrest_order" /> Selama [[protes Arab Saudi 2011–12]], an-Nimr menyerukan pengunjuk rasa untuk menolak peluru polisi menggunakan "deru kata" daripada kekerasan,<ref name="Rasid_Nimr_nonviolence" /><ref name="AlAhramW_words_not_bullets" /> dan memprediksi runtuhnya pemerintah jika terus bertindak represif.<ref name="nimr_regime_topplable_22jan2012" /> ''[[The Guardian]]'' menjelaskan bahwa an-Nimr sebagai "pemimpin dalam pemberontakan."<ref name="Guardian_Oct11biggestdemos" />

<ref name="08RIYADH1283">{{cite journal|last =Gfoeller|first =Michael|authorlink =|title =Meeting with controversial Shi'a sheikh Nimr|id ={{WikiLeaks cable|08RIYADH1283}}|work =|publisher =[[WikiLeaks]]|date =2008-08-23|url =http://wikileaks.org/cable/2008/08/08RIYADH1283.html|accessdate =2012-01-23|archiveurl =httphttps://www.webcitation.org/64ufZsESb?url=http://wikileaks.org/cable/2008/08/08RIYADH1283.html|archivedate =2012-01-23|deadurl =no|journal =}}</ref>

<ref name="AI_Nimr_arrest_order">{{cite web|last =|first =|authorlink =|title =Shi'a men and teenagers held incommunicado by Saudi Arabian authorities|work =|publisher =[[Amnesty International]]|date =2009-03-23|url =http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/news/shia-men-teenagers-held-incommunicado-saudi-arabian-authorities-20090323|format =|doi =|accessdate =2012-02-21|archiveurl =httphttps://www.webcitation.org/65cxRMoCM?url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/news/shia-men-teenagers-held-incommunicado-saudi-arabian-authorities-20090323|archivedate =2012-02-21 |deadurl =no }}</ref>

<ref name="AP_Nimr_in_hiding">{{cite news|first=Donna|last=Abu-Nasr|pages=|title= Saudi government cracks down on Shiite dissidents|date=2009-04-01|publisher= [[U-T San Diego|The San Diego Union-Tribune]]/[[Associated Press|AP]]|url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2009/apr/01/ml-saudi-shiites-040109/?page=all|accessdate=2012-02-21|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/65cxT8OiS?url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2009/apr/01/ml-saudi-shiites-040109/?page=all|archivedate=2012-02-21|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="AlAhramW_secession">{{cite news|first=Salah|last=Hemeid|pages=|title=Bomb-for-peace|date=2009-05-07|publisher=[[Al-Ahram Weekly]]|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2009/946/re7.htm|accessdate=2012-02-22|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/65eZJ23ud?url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2009/946/re7.htm|archivedate=2012-02-22|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="AlAhramW_words_not_bullets">{{cite news|first=Rashid|last=Abul-Samh|pages=|title=Saudi Shias riot yet again for better conditions|date=2011-10-13|publisher=[[Al-Ahram Weekly]]|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1068/re9.htm|accessdate=2012-02-22|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/65eWIIiAu?url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1068/re9.htm|archivedate=2012-02-22|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="Rasid_Nimr_nonviolence">{{cite news|first=|last=|pages=|title=Sheikh Nemr Refuses Use of Violence against Security Forces |date=2011-10-06|publisher=[[Rasid News Network]]|url=http://rasid.com/english/?act=artc&id=360|accessdate=2012-02-17|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/65edsw1fB?url=http://rasid.com/english/?act=artc|archivedate=2012-02-1723|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="nimr_regime_topplable_22jan2012">{{cite news|last=AGB/HGH|title=Saudi cleric warns Al Saud regime|date=21 January 2012|publisher=[[Press TV]]|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/222289.html|accessdate=24 January 2012|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/64wQb19yr?url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/222289.html|archivedate=24 January 2012-01-24|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="Guardian_Oct11biggestdemos">{{cite news|first=Toby|last=Matthiesen|pages=|title=Saudi Arabia: the Middle East's most under-reported conflict|date=2012-01-23|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/jan/23/saudi-arabia-shia-protesters|accessdate=2012-01-23|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/64udhGzfw?url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/jan/23/saudi-arabia-shia-protesters|archivedate=2012-01-23|deadurl=no|location=London}}</ref>

<ref name="AJE_alNimrwounded">{{cite news|first=|last=|pages=|title= Saudi protest crackdown leaves two dead |date=2012-07-09|publisher=[[Al Jazeera English]]|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/07/20127819561763436.html|accessdate=2012-07-10|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/693pOd8Vd?url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/07/20127819561763436.html|archivedate=2012-07-10|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="ThReut_alNimrwounded">{{cite news|first= Asma|last = Al Sharif|author2=Angus McDowall|author3=Sami Aboudi|author4=Christopher Wilson |pages=|title=Saudi police arrest prominent Shi'ite Muslim cleric|date=2012-07-08|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/08/us-saudi-arrest-idUSBRE8670GH20120708|accessdate=2012-07-10|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/693pPRIzc?url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/07/08/us-saudi-arrest-idUSBRE8670GH20120708|archivedate=2012-07-10|deadurl=noyes}}</ref>

<ref name="alManar_alNimr_tortured">{{cite news|first=|last=|pages=|title='Sheikh Nimr Tortured by Saudi Authorities'|date=2012-07-17|publisher=[[Al-Manar]]|url=http://www5.almanar.com.lb/english/adetails.php?eid=61729&frid=23&seccatid=28&cid=23&fromval=1|accessdate=2012-07-18|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/69G6QqmGy?url=http://www5.almanar.com.lb/english/adetails.php?eid=61729|archivedate=2012-07-18|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="presstv_alNimr_hungerstrike">{{cite news|first=|last=|pages=|title=Saudi Arabia's jailed Sheikh Nemr goes on hunger strike|date=2012-07-19|publisher=[[Press TV]]|url=http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/07/19/251736/jailed-saudi-cleric-starts-hunger-strike/|accessdate=2012-07-19|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/69HSLSFLs?url=http://www.presstv.com/detail/2012/07/19/251736/jailed-saudi-cleric-starts-hunger-strike/|archivedate=2012-07-19|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="awamia_muna_jabir_funeral">{{cite web|last =|first =|authorlink =|script-title =ar:السلطات تمنع تشييع عقيلة آية الله النمر والآلاف يخرجون في مسيرة غاضبة |language =Arabic|work =|publisher =Awamia.net|date =2012-08-01|url =http://awamia.net/index.php/permalink/4764.html|doi =|accessdate =2012-08-01|archiveurl =httphttps://www.webcitation.org/69bDhWj0N?url=http://awamia.net/index.php/permalink/4764.html|archivedate =2012-08-01 |deadurl =no }}</ref>

<ref name="alSharq_alNimr21Aug2012">{{cite web|last =|first =|authorlink =|title =Asharq Center expresses concern for the safety of the health and humanitarian situation of Sheikh Nimr Baqr al-Nimr|language = Arabic|work =|publisher =Asharq Center for Human Rights|date =2012-08-21|url =http://alsharqcenter.com/statments/663|format =|doi =|accessdate =2012-08-23|archiveurl =httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6A79OgViO?url=http://alsharqcenter.com/statments/663|archivedate =2012-08-23 22|deadurl =no }}</ref>

<ref name="BBC20141015_alNimr_deathsentence">{{cite news|first=|last=|pages=|title=Saudi Shia cleric Nimr al-Nimr 'sentenced to death'|date=2014-10-15|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-29627766|accessdate=2014-10-15|archiveurl=httphttps://www.webcitation.org/6TLomu3cZ?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-29627766|archivedate=2014-10-15|deadurl=no}}</ref>

<ref name="AI_alNimr_deathsentence">{{cite web|last =|first =|authorlink =|coauthors =|title =Saudi Arabia: Appalling death sentence against Shi’a cleric must be quashed|work =|publisher =[[Amnesty International]]|date =2014-10-15|url =http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/saudi-arabia-appalling-death-sentence-against-shi-cleric-must-be-quashed-2014-10-15|format =|doi =|accessdate =2014-10-15|archiveurl= http=https://www.webcitation.org/6TLs4qEbd?url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/saudi-arabia-appalling-death-sentence-against-shi-cleric-must-be-quashed-2014-10-15|archivedate =2014-10-15|deadurl =no}}</ref>