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Carcharhiniformes: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{automaticAutomatic taxobox
| namefill = Ground sharksyes
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Early Cretaceous|Present|ref=<ref>{{FishBase_order|order=Carcharhiniformes|year=2009|month=January}}</ref>}}
| image = Carcharhinus isodon.jpg
| image_caption = A [[finetooth shark]], ''Carcharhinus isodon''
| taxon = Carcharhiniformes
| authority = [[Leonard Compagno|Compagno]], 1977}}
}}
[[Berkas:Carcharhinus_acronotus_nefsc.jpg|jmpl|253x253px|Groundsharks, seperti hiu blacknose ini, memiliki [[membran pengelip]] yang dapat ditarik menyelubungi mata untuk melindunginya.]]▼
 
'''Hiu tanah''', atau '''''Carcharhiniformes''''', merupakan ordo terbesar dari [[Hiu|ikan hiu]] yang terbesar. Dengan lebih dari 270 spesies, carcharhiniformes mencakup sejumlah jenis umum hiu, seperti [[catsharkHiu banteng]], [[swellsharkHiu martil]], [[Hiu harimau]], dan [[SandbarHiu shark|hiusirip pasirhitam]].
 
Anggota dari ordo ini dicirikan oleh adanya [[membran pengelip]]  di atas mata, dua [[sirip punggung]], [[Anal fin|sirip anal]], dan lima celah  [[insang]].
 
Keluarga dalam rangka Carcharhiniformes diharapkan akan direvisi; recent [[Asam deoksiribonukleat|DNA]] studi menunjukkan bahwa beberapa kelompok konvensional tidak monophyletic.
 
== Famili ==
Menurut [[FishBase]], delapan famili dari ordo Carcharhiniformes adalah:<ref>[http://www.fishbase.org/identification/familieslist.php?ordnum=8&areacode=&classnum=4&c_code= Fish Identification: Ground sharks] ''[//en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/FishBase [FishBase]]''. Retrieved 28 March 2013.</ref>
* [[Carcharhinidae]] (hiu requiem)
* [[Galeocerdo|Galeocerdonidae]] ([[hiu harimau]] beserta kerabatnya yang telah punah)
* [[Hemigaleidae]] (hiu kacang)
* [[Leptochariidae]] (barbeledHiu houndsharkanjing berduri)
* [[Proscylliidae]] (pausHiu ginkucing catsharksbersirip punggung)
* [[Pseudotriakidae]] (catsharksHiu kucing palsu)
* [[Hiu kucing|Scyliorhinidae]] (catsharksHiu kucing)
* [[Hiu martil|Sphyrnidae]] (hiu martil)
* [[Triakidae]] (houndsharksHiu anjing halus)
 
{{clear}}
<!--
 
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-bottom: 34px;"
! Famili
Baris 60 ⟶ 56:
|-
! style="background:rgb(110,110,170)" | [[Proscylliidae|<span style="color:white;">Proscylliidae</span>]]
|
| align=center | [[Proscylliidae|Finback catsharks]]
| align=center | 3
| align=center | 7
| valign=top |
|-
! style="background:rgb(110,110,170)" | [[Pseudotriakidae|<span style="color:white;">Pseudotriakidae</span>]]
Baris 95 ⟶ 91:
| valign=top | Houndsharks are distinguished by large spineless dorsal fins, an anal fin, and oval eyes with nictitating eyelids. They are small to medium in size, ranging from {{convert|37|to|220|cm|ft|abbr=on}} in adult length. They are found throughout the world in warm and temperate waters, where they feed on fish and invertebrates on the sea bed and in midwater.<ref>{{FishBase_family|family=Triakidae|year=2009|month=January}}</ref>
|}
-->
 
== Timeline dari genera ==
▲[[Berkas:Carcharhinus_acronotus_nefsc.jpg|jmpl|253x253px|Groundsharks, seperti hiu blacknose ini, memiliki [[membran pengelip]] yang dapat ditarik menyelubungi mata untuk melindunginya.]]
 
<timeline>
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Period = from:-199.6 till:15
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
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ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-199.6
TimeAxis = orientation:hor
AlignBars = justify
 
Colors =
#legends
id:CAR value:claret
id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196)
id:HER value:teal
id:HAD value:green
id:OMN value:blue
id:black value:black
id:white value:white
id:mesozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258)
id:jurassic value:rgb(0.2,0.7,0.79)
id:earlyjurassic value:rgb(0,0.69,0.89)
id:middlejurassic value:rgb(0.52,0.81,0.91)
id:latejurassic value:rgb(0.74,0.89,0.97)
id:cretaceous value:rgb(0.5,0.78,0.31)
id:earlycretaceous value:rgb(0.63,0.78,0.65)
id:latecretaceous value:rgb(0.74,0.82,0.37)
id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258)
id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32)
id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37)
id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42)
id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48)
id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1)
id:miocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0)
id:pliocene value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68)
id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5)
id:pleistocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68)
id:holocene value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88)
 
BarData=
bar:eratop
Baris 176 ⟶ 175:
 
PlotData=
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
shift:(7,-4)
 
bar:periodtop
from: -199.6 till: -175.6 color:earlyjurassic text:[[Early Jurassic|Early]]
from: -175.6 till: -161.2 color:middlejurassic text:[[Middle Jurassic|Middle]]
Baris 186 ⟶ 185:
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:[[Late Cretaceous|Late]]
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:[[Paleocene|Paleo.]]
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:[[Eocene|Eo.]]
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:[[Oligocene|Oligo.]]
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:[[Miocene|Mio.]]
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:[[Pliocene|Pl.]]
Baris 193 ⟶ 192:
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:[[Holocene|H.]]
 
bar:eratop
from: -199.6 till: -145.5 color:jurassic text:[[Jurassic]]
from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text:[[Cretaceous]]
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:[[Paleogene]]
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:[[Neogene]]
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:[[Quaternary|Q.]]
Baris 209 ⟶ 208:
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM5 from:-84.27 till:-65.5 text:[[Pteroscyllium]]
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM6 from:-83.5 till:-70.6 text:[[Archaeotriakis]]
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM7 from:-83.5 till:-58.7 text:[[Palaeogaleus]]
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM8 from:-74.9 till:-68.9 text:[[Squatigaleus]]
color:paleocene bar:NAM9 from:-65.5 till:-33.9 text:[[Abdounia]]
Baris 234 ⟶ 233:
align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
 
bar:period
from: -199.6 till: -175.6 color:earlyjurassic text:[[Early Jurassic|Early]]
from: -175.6 till: -161.2 color:middlejurassic text:[[Middle Jurassic|Middle]]
Baris 241 ⟶ 240:
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:[[Late Cretaceous|Late]]
from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text:[[Paleocene|Paleo.]]
from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text:[[Eocene|Eo.]]
from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text:[[Oligocene|Oligo.]]
from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text:[[Miocene|Mio.]]
from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:[[Pliocene|Pl.]]
Baris 248 ⟶ 247:
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text:[[Holocene|H.]]
 
bar:era
from: -199.6 till: -145.5 color:jurassic text:[[Jurassic]]
from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text:[[Cretaceous]]
from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:[[Paleogene]]
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:[[Neogene]]
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text:[[Quaternary|Q.]]
Baris 260 ⟶ 259:
 
== Referensi lebih lanjut ==
* Froese, Rainer, dan Daniel Pauly, eds. (2013) [http://www.fishbase.org/identification/familieslist.php?ordnum=8&areacode=&classnum=4&c_code= Identifikasi Ikan: TanahHiu hiutanah] di FishBase. Maret 2013 versi.
* {{Cite journal|last=Sepkoski|first=Jack|year=2002|title=A compendium of fossil marine animal genera|url=http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=575&rank=class|dead-url=yes|journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology|volume=364|page=560|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510170834/http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=575&rank=class|archive-date=2012-05-10|access-date=2011-05-17}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/shark_profiles/carcharhiniformes.htm Ordo Carcharhiniformes]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q48178}}
 
[[Kategori:Carchahiniformes]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Carcharhiniformes"