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Baris 1:
{{infobox spesies
{{speciesbox
| fossil_rangeperiode = {{Fossil range|5|0}}<small>|[[Pliosen]] Awal – Saat ini</small>}}▼
| genus = Orycteropus
| species = afer
| name = Babi tanah
▲| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|5|0}}<small>[[Pliosen]] Awal – Saat ini</small>
| status = LC
| status_system = iucn3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn">{{harvnb|Lindsey|Cilliers|Griffin|Taylor|2008}}</ref>
| trend = unknown
| image = Porc formiguer.JPG
| image_caption =
| display_parents = 4
| greatgrandparent_authority = [[Thomas Henry Huxley|Huxley]], 1872
| grandparent_authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1821
| parent_authority = [[Georges Cuvier|G. Cuvier]], 1798
| binomial_authority = ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1766)
| range_map = Aardvark area.png
| range_map_caption = Persebaran babi tanah
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subspesies]]
| subdivision = Lihat teks
}}
[[Berkas:Aardvark.jpg|jmpl|250px|Babi tanah (''Orycteropus afer'')]]
 
'''Babi tanah''' (''Orycteropus afer'') atau '''beruang semut''' (''ant bear'') adalah [[mamalia]] pemakan [[semut]] yang penyebarannya hanya dapat dijumpai di benua [[Afrika]].<ref name="iun">[http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41504/0 www.iucnredlist.org: Orycteropus afer]. Diakses 24 Mei 2014</ref><ref name="arkive">[http://www.arkive.org/aardvark/orycteropus-afer/ www.arkive.org: Aardvark (Orycteropus afer)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614210942/http://www.arkive.org/aardvark/orycteropus-afer/ |date=2017-06-14 }}. Diakses 24 Mei 2014</ref> Di daerah asalnya, hewan ini disebut ''aardvark'' ([[bahasa Afrikaans]]) yang artinya "babi tanah",<ref name="Colliers">{{harvnb|Goodwin|1997|pp=2–3}}</ref> karena mirip babi dan suka menggali tanah.<ref>{{harvnb|Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary|2010}}</ref>
 
Secara [[taksonomi]], mereka berbeda dengan [[babi]]; mereka adalah satu-satunya anggota dalam [[ordo (biologi)|ordo]] [[mamalia]] ''[[Tubulidentata]]'' yang belum punah.<ref name=sho>{{harvnb|Shoshani|2002|p=618}}</ref> Babi tanah juga tidak berkerabat dengan hewan pemakan semut dari Amerika Selatan (''[[Vermilingua]]''), meskipun memiliki sifat dan fisik yang mirip. Kemiripan itu terjadi karena [[evolusi konvergen]]. Kerabat terdekat babi tanah ialah [[celurut gajah]], ''[[tenrecidae]]'', dan tikus tanah bulu emas.<ref>{{harvnb|Asher|Bennett|Lehmann|2009|p=854}}</ref>
 
== Karakteristik ==
Seekor babi tanah dapat menggali tanah yang keras lebih cepat dibandingkan beberapa orang yang menggali dengan sekop.<ref name="arkive"/> Babi tanah bisa makan hingga 50.000 [[serangga]] setiap malam yang mereka kumpulkan dengan [[lidah]] lengket yang dapat mereka panjangkan hingga 30 sentimeter.<ref name="arkive"/> Babi tanah tidak mengunyah makananannyamakanannya, mereka menelan seluruh makanan dan melakukan penggilingan di daerah [[otot]] [[perut]].<ref name="arkive"/>
 
Babi tanah merupakan hewan yang aktif pada malam hari ([[Hewan nokturnal|nokturalnokturnal]]).<ref name="arkive"/> Mereka menghabiskan waktu pagi hari dengan tidur meringkuk di dalam [[sarang]]nya.<ref name="arkive"/> Namun, terkadang mereka juga terlihat berkeliaran di luar pada siang hari dan sore hari yang dingin.<ref name="arkive"/> Pada malam hari, mereka meninggalkan sarang dan mulai mencari makanan.<ref name="arkive"/> Mereka mencari semut dan [[rayap]] untuk dimakan dengan cara berjalan zigzag menyusuri tanah dengan moncongnya.<ref name="arkive"/> Mereka cenderung berjalan dengan cara menancapkan cakarnya ke tanah serta tampak agak lambat dan canggung.<ref name="arkive"/> Jika berjalan pada tanah yang lunak, ekornya akan terseret dan meninggalkan jejak di belakangnya.<ref name="arkive"/>
 
Persebaran babi tanah sangat ditentukan oleh persebaran [[spesies]] semut dan rayap yang cocok sebagai makanan mereka.<ref name="iun"/> Hewan ini tersebar di wilayah selatan [[Gurun Sahara|Sahara]], yaitu mulai dari [[Senegal]] ke [[Ethiopia]] hingga ke [[Afrika Selatan]].<ref name="iun"/> Babi tanah dapat dijumpai di negara-negara di Afrika, antara lain: [[Angola]], [[Botswana]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Burundi]], [[Kamerun]], [[Republik Afrika Tengah]], [[Chad]], [[Kongo]], [[Republik Demokratik Kongo]], [[Djibouti]], [[Eritrea]], Ethiopia, [[Gabon]], [[Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Kenya]], [[Malawi]], [[Mali]], [[Mozambik]], [[Namibia]], [[Niger]], [[Nigeria]], [[Rwanda]], Senegal, [[Sierra Leone]], [[Somalia]], Afrika Selatan, [[Sudan]], [[Swaziland]], [[Tanzania]], [[Uganda]], [[Zambia]], dan [[Zimbabwe]].<ref name="iun"/>
Baris 38 ⟶ 19:
== Referensi ==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{cite web | author = African Wildlife Foundation | title = Aardvark | publisher = African Wildlife Foundation | url = http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/aardvark | accessdate = 2013-11-18 | archiveurl = httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20080105044436/http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/aardvark | archivedate= 5 January= 2008 <!-01-DASHBot-->05 | deadurl = no | year = 2013 | ref = harv }}
* {{cite web | author = Anon | title = All About Aardvarks | url = http://www.easyscienceforkids.com/all-about-aardvarks.html | website = Easy Science for Kids | publisher = Online Science Tutor for Kids | accessdate = 2013-11-18 | year = 2013 | ref = harv | archive-date = 2013-11-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131111151040/http://www.easyscienceforkids.com/all-about-aardvarks.html | dead-url = yes }}
* {{cite web | author = Anon | website = Animal Corner | year = 2013a | title = Rainforest Aardvark | url = http://www.animalcorner.co.uk/rainforests/aardvark.html | accessdate = 10 January 2014 | ref = harv }}
* {{cite web | author = Anon | title = Great Uncle Aardvark? | website = BBC News | date = 20 January 2003 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2676377.stm | accessdate = 2013-11-18 | archiveurl = httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20080207170352/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2676377.stm | archivedate = 7 February 2008-02-07 | ref = harv | dead-url = no }}
* {{Cite journal | last = Asher | first = R. J. | last2 = Bennett | first2 = N. | last3 = Lehmann | first3 = T. | title = The new framework for understanding placental mammal evolution | journal = BioEssays | volume = 31 | issue = 8 | pages = 853–864 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19582725| pmc = | doi = 10.1002/bies.200900053 | ref = harv}}
* {{cite encyclopedia | last1 = Goodwin | first1 = George G. | editor-last = Johnston | editor-first = Bernard | encyclopedia = Collier's Encyclopedia | title = Aardvark | edition = 1st | year = 1997 | publisher = P.F. Collier | volume = I: A to Ameland | location = New York, NY | isbn = 978-1571610935 | ref = harv }}
Baris 49 ⟶ 30:
* {{cite web | author = Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary | title = aardvark | year = 2010 | website = Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary | accessdate = 2013-11-18 | url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/aardvark | ref = harv }}
* {{cite encyclopedia | last = Rahm | first = Urs | editor-last = Parker | editor-first = Sybil P. | title = Tubulidentates: Aardvark | encyclopedia = Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals | volume = 4 | publisher = McGraw-Hill Publishing Company | location = New York, NY | isbn = 0-07-909508-9 | year = 1990 | pp = 450 458 | ref = harv }}
* {{cite web | author = Rebecca | title = Cute as a Button but a Pain in my Butt: The Aardvark | url = http://www.themagicalbuffet.com/Issues/Vol02_Iss07/Article_049.html | accessdate = 2013-11-18 | archiveurl = httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20080117180543/http://www.themagicalbuffet.com/Issues/Vol02_Iss07/Article_049.html | archivedate = 17 January 2008 <!-01-DASHBot-->17 | deadurl = no | year = 2007 | ref = harv }}
* {{cite journal | last = Rodriguez | first = Tommy | title = Technological Perspectives in Phylogeny Research: Revisiting Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genomes for Time-Extended Lineages | journal = Figshare | url = http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.804317 | doi = 10.6084/m9.figshare.804317 | year = 2013 | format = PDF | pages = 1–9 | ref = harv }}
* {{MSW3 Tubulidentata | id = 11300004|ref={{harvid|Schlitter|2005}} }}
* {{cite encyclopedia | last = Shoshani | first = Jeheskel | editor-last = Robertson | editor-first = Sarah | title = Tubulidentata | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Life Sciences | year = 2002 | volume = 18: Svedberg, Theodor to Two-hybrid and Related Systems | publisher = Nature Publishing Group | location = London, UK | isbn = 1-56159-274-9 | ref = harv }}
Baris 65 ⟶ 46:
* {{Cite web | url = http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z5OoBqqYsk&t=0m46s | title = Aardvarks at the Bronx Zoo | accessdate = 2013-11-18 }}
* [http://www.aardvarkafrica.org IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group - Aardvark website]
* [http://www.wackywildlifewonders.com/files/animals/antbear.html Antbear/Aardvark] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907110513/http://www.wackywildlifewonders.com/files/animals/antbear.html |date=2008-09-07 }} at wackywildlifewonders.com
* [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Orycteropus_afer.html Information] at Animal Diversity Web: [[University of Michigan]] Museum of Zoology
* [[wikisource:File:Aardvark.pdf|"The Biology of the Aardvark"]] (''Orycteropus afer'') diploma thesis (without pictures)
* [http://www.tierseiten.com/roehrenzaehner/aardvark.pdf "The Biology of the Aardvark" (''Orycteropus afer'')] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414134457/http://www.tierseiten.com/roehrenzaehner/aardvark.pdf |date=2008-04-14 }} same diploma thesis (including the pictures)
* [http://www.zooborns.typepad.com/zooborns/aardvark/ Some good photos of baby aardvarks]
* {{Wikisource-inline|list=
Baris 79 ⟶ 60:
[[wikisource:en:Popular Science Monthly/Volume 14/March 1879/The Aard-Vark or Earth-Hog]]
{{Commonscat|Orycteropus afer}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q46212}}
 
[[Kategori:MamaliaOrycteropus]]
[[Kategori:Mamalia Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Fauna Afrika]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Babi_tanah"