Chindit: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
←Membuat halaman berisi '{{Infobox military unit |unit_name= Chindits (Long Range Penetration Groups) |image=Chindit column, Operation Longcloth.jpg |image_size=300px |caption=A Chindit c...' |
Add 1 book for Wikipedia:Pemastian (20240309)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot |
||
| (17 revisi perantara oleh 3 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 3:
|image=Chindit column, Operation Longcloth.jpg
|image_size=300px
|caption=
|dates= 1942–1945
|country= {{flagicon|British Raj}} [[
|branch= [[
|type= [[
|role= [[
|size= 9
|command_structure=
|garrison= [[Jhansi]], India
Baris 22:
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=[[
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
<!-- Commanders -->
Baris 35:
|notable_commanders= [[Orde Wingate]],<br>[[Walter David Alexander Lentaigne|"Joe" Lentaigne]]
<!-- Insignia -->
|identification_symbol=[[
|identification_symbol_label=
|identification_symbol_2=
|identification_symbol_2_label=
Baris 43:
{{Kotak kampanye Perang Pasifik}}
'''Chindit''', secara resmi dikenal sebagai '''Kelompok Penerobosan Jarak Jauh''', adalah unit [[operasi
Operasi mereka ditandai dengan pawai yang berkepanjangan melalui medan yang sangat sulit, oleh pasukan yang kurang makan yang sering diperlemah oleh penyakit seperti [[malaria]] dan [[disentri]]. Terdapat kontroversi mengenai tingkat korban sangat tinggi dan nilai militer yang diragukan dari pencapaian para Chindit.
==Lihat juga==▼
== Latar belakang dan pembentukan ==
Selama [[Kampanye Afrika Timur (Perang Dunia II)|Kampanye Afrika Timur]] tahun 1940–1941, Wingate – di bawah Jenderal [[Archibald Percival Wavell, Earl Wavell ke-1|Archibald Wavell]], Panglima Tertinggi [[Komando Timur Tengah]] – telah mulai mengeksplorasi taktik gerilya, ketika dia membentuk dan memimpin unit yang dikenal sebagai [[Pasukan Gideon]], terdiri dari pasukan reguler dari Sudan dan Etiopia, serta partisan orang Etiopia. Pasukan Gideon mengacaukan jalur pasokan [[Kerajaan Italia|Italia]] dan mengumpulkan informasi intelijen.
Pada tahun 1942, setelah pembubaran Pasukan Gideon, Wavell - yang sejak itu telah diangkat menjadi Panglima Tertinggi [[Komando India]] - meminta pengabdian Wingate di Burma. Ini dimaksudkan bahwa dia akan membangun pasukan tidak teratur untuk beroperasi di belakang garis Jepang, dengan cara yang mirip dengan Pasukan Gideon.<ref name="Thompson 2008, p. 374">Thompson 2008, p. 374.</ref> Wingate tiba di Burma pada Maret 1942 dan selama dua bulan, saat pasukan Jepang bergerak maju dengan cepat, berkeliling negara itu mengembangkan teorinya tentang penerobosan jarak jauh, selama dua bulan sebelum [[Pencaplokan Jepang di Burma|penaklukan Jepang atas Burma]]. Setelah kembali ke Delhi, dia mempresentasikan proposalnya kepada Wavell.
Nama Chindit diusulkan oleh Kapten Aung Thin<!--The article is about a man born in 1927--> (DSO) dari [[Burma Rifles]].<ref>[http://www.chindits.info/Awards/DSOAungThin.htm]</ref> Chindit merupakan bentuk yang diubah dari binatang mitos Burma ''[[Chinthe|Chinthé]]'' atau ''Chinthay'', patung-patung yang menjaga kuil-kuil [[Buddhis]].<ref name=Brayley18>Brayley 2002, p. 18.</ref>
=== Organisasi dan pelatihan ===
Unit Chindit pertama, [[Brigade Infanteri India ke-77]], secara bertahap dibentuk di daerah sekitar [[Jhansi]] pada musim panas 1942. Wingate mengambil alih pelatihan pasukan di hutan-hutan di India tengah selama [[Muson Asia Selatan|musim hujan]].
▲== Lihat juga ==
* [[Denis Edward Arnold]] MC
* [[Roland Degg]]
* [[Urutan
== Catatan ==
{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
{{reflist|2}}
== Referensi ==
* {{cite book|last=Allen |first=Louis |title=Burma: The longest War 1941-45 |publisher=J.M. Dent & Sons |year=1984 |isbn=0-460-02474-4}}
* {{cite book |last=Bidwell |first=Shelford |title=The Chindit war : the campaigns in Burma, 1944 |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |location=London |year=1979 |oclc=221110416}}
Baris 61 ⟶ 73:
* {{cite book |last=Chinnery |first=Philip |title=Wingate's lost Brigade |publisher=Pen and Sword Military |location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84884-054-6}}
* {{cite web |last=Cloonan |first=Colonel (US MC) Cliff |date=May 1999|url=http://www.brooksidepress.org/Products/OperationalMedicine/DATA/operationalmed/MilitaryMedicine/SOMALIA7May1999.doc |title=The Dark Side of Command |work=Special Operations Combat Medical Course: SOF Medicine Module: Mogadishu Raid Exercise |publisher=www.brooksidepress.org |page=52 |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last1=Cole|first1=Howard|title=Formation Badges of World War 2. Britain, Commonwealth and Empire|date=1973|publisher=Arms and Armour Press|location=London}}
* {{cite book |last=Masters |first=John |authorlink=John Masters |title=The Road Past Mandalay |publisher=Cassel |location=London |year=2002 |origyear=1961 |isbn=0-304-36157-7}}
* {{cite book |author=Captain Herring |title=Operational Report of Dah Force |publisher=Imperial War Museum |page=1 |ref=harv}}{{full citation needed|date=August 2016}}
Baris 67 ⟶ 79:
* {{cite book |authorlink=William Slim |last=Slim |first=William |year=1956 |title=Defeat Into Victory |publisher=Cassell |location=London |oclc=1296031}}
* {{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Peter |title=Pacific Fury |year=2008 |publisher=Heineman |isbn=978-1-74166-708-0 |location=North Sydney}}
* {{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Robert |authorlink=Robert Grainger Ker Thompson |title=Make for the hills : memories of Far Eastern wars |url=https://archive.org/details/makeforhillsmemo0000thom |publisher=Leo Cooper |year=1989 |isbn=0-85052-761-9 |location=London |ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Tulloch |first=Derek |title=Wingate in Peace and War |location=London |publisher=Macdonald |year=1972 |isbn=0-356-03877-7 |ref=harv}} Autobiography by Wingate's Chief of Staff
== Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
* {{cite book |last=Latimer |first=Jon |authorlink=Jon Latimer |title=Burma: The Forgotten War |publisher=John Murray |year=2004 |isbn=0-7195-6576-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Rhodes-James |first=Richard |title=Chindit |url=https://archive.org/details/chindit0000jame |year=1980 |publisher=J Murray |isbn=0-7195-3746-0}}
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.ordewingate.net/burma.html Material on Wingate's Burma Campaign (histories, personal accounts, biographies)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090503114041/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part16.htm#chindits Royal Engineers Museum] Engineers with the Chindits
* http://www.wolftree.freeserve.co.uk/Burma/Burma4.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041025185036/http://www.wolftree.freeserve.co.uk/Burma/Burma4.html |date=2004-10-25 }}
* [http://www.chindits.info/index.html The Chindits]
* [http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/CrisisFleeting/bookfour.htm Office of the US Surgeon General: Office of Medical History: Book 4, With Wingate's Chindits] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204163349/http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/CrisisFleeting/bookfour.htm |date=2010-12-04 }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20041015212334/http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/CrisisFleeting/frameindex.html index]
* [http://www.glanmore.org/gvf/jri1.html G. V. Faulkner, MD, MC. Medical Report on Operations, 77th Indian Infantry Brigade]
* Chindits [http://www.specialforcesroh.com/browse.php?mode=viewc&catid=34 1943] / [http://www.specialforcesroh.com/browse.php?mode=viewc&catid=35 1944] roll of honour, awards and images.
* http://www.thechindit.co.uk {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306050032/https://www.thechindit.co.uk/ |date=2021-03-06 }}
{{DEFAULTSORT:3rd Division}}
| |||