Percobaan Michelson-Morley: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
bentuk baku |
Fitur saranan suntingan: 3 pranala ditambahkan. |
||
| (6 revisi perantara oleh 2 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
[[Berkas:Michelsonmorley-boxplot.svg|jmpl|Data dari percobaan the Michelson-Morley]]
'''Percobaan Michelson-Morley''', salah satu percobaan paling penting dan masyhur dalam [[sejarah fisika]], dilakukan pada tahun [[1887]] oleh [[Albert Michelson]] dan [[:en:Edward Morley|Edward Morley]] di tempat yang sekarang menjadi kampus [[:en:Case Western Reserve University|Case Western Reserve University]] di [[Cleveland]], [[Ohio]], [[Amerika Serikat]].<ref name=michel2/>
Dalam percobaan ini Michelson dan Morley berusaha mengukur kecepatan planet [[Bumi]] terhadap ether, yang pada waktu itu dianggap sebagai medium perambatan gelombang [[cahaya]]. Analisis terhadap hasil percobaan menunjukkan kegagalan pengamatan pergerakan bumi terhadap ether.<ref>[http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/experiments.html#the_MMX Experimental Basis of Special Relativity:The Michelson-Morley Experiment]</ref>
Baris 83:
:<math>T_{t}=\frac{2L}{\sqrt{c^{2}-v^{2}}}=\frac{2L}{c}\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}}}}\approx\frac{2L}{c}\left(1+\frac{v^{2}}{2c^{2}}\right)</math>
The time difference between ''T<sub>l</sub>'' and ''T<sub>t</sub>'' before rotation is given by<ref group=A>{{cite book |author=Albert Shadowitz |title=Special relativity |url=https://archive.org/details/specialrelativit0000shad |isbn=0-486-65743-4 |publisher=Courier Dover Publications |edition=Reprint of 1968 edition |year=1988|pages=
:<math>T_{l}-T_{t}=\frac{2}{c}\left(\frac{L}{1-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}}}-\frac{L}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}}}}\right)</math>.
Baris 161:
-->
== Hasil percobaan ==
Dalam tabel di bawah ini, nilai-nilai yang diharapkan dikaitkan dengan kecepatan relatif antara Bumi dan Matahari sebesar 30 km/detik (=km/s). Dengan perbandingan kecepatan [[Tata Surya|tata surya]] terhadap pusat galaksi [[Bima Sakti]] sebesar 220 km/detik, atau kecepatan tata surya relatif terhadap [[:en:cosmic microwave background radiation#CMBR dipole anisotropy|CMB rest frame]] sekitar 368 km/detik, hasil "nol" (null results) percobaan-percobaan ini lebih nyata jelas.
{| class="wikitable"
Baris 288:
<!--ref name=desit>{{Citation|author=De Sitter, Willem|title=[[s:On the constancy of the velocity of light|On the constancy of the velocity of light]]|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences|volume=16|issue=1|year=1913|pages=395–396}}</ref-->
<ref name=Eisele>{{cite journal|author=Eisele, Ch.; Nevsky, A. Yu.; Schiller, S.|title=Laboratory Test of the Isotropy of Light Propagation at the 10<sup>−17</sup> level|journal=Physical Review Letters|volume=103|issue=9|page=090401|year=2009|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.090401|bibcode
<ref name=essen>{{Cite journal|author=Essen, L.|title=A New Æther-Drift Experiment|journal=Nature|volume=175|issue=4462|pages=793–794|year=1955|doi=10.1038/175793a0|bibcode = 1955Natur.175..793E }}</ref>
Baris 419:
|isbn=0-201-02115-3}}</ref>
<ref name=Fickinger>{{cite book|first=William|last=Fickinger|title=Physics at a Research University: Case Western Reserve, 1830–1990|url=https://archive.org/details/physicsatresearc0000fick|location=Cleveland|year=2005|isbn=0977338606|pages=
<ref name=hamerla>{{cite book|first=Ralph R.|last=Hamerla|title=An American Scientist on the Research Frontier: Edward Morley, Community, and Radical Ideas in Nineteenth-Century Science|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=6EcZa6hutfcC&pg=PA123|year=2006|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-4089-4|pages=123–152}}</ref>
Baris 532:
* {{Wikibooks-inline|links=[[b:Special Relativity/Aether#Mathematical analysis of the Michelson Morley Experiment|Mathematical analysis of the Michelson Morley Experiment]]}}
* {{cite web |last=Roberts |first=T |last2=Schleif |first2=S |last3=Dlugosz |first3=JM (ed.) |year=2007 |title=What is the experimental basis of Special Relativity? |url=http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/experiments.html |work=Usenet Physics FAQ |publisher=[[University of California, Riverside]]}}
* {{en icon}} [http://carnap.umd.edu/phil250/aether_drift/interferometers.html Interferometer yang digunakan dalam percobaan hanyutan ether dari 1881-1931] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311002421/http://carnap.umd.edu/phil250/aether_drift/interferometers.html |date=2007-03-11 }}
* {{en icon}} [http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v91/e020401 Modern Michelson-Morley Experiment improves the best previous result by two orders of magnitude, dari 2003]
{{Authority control}}
[[Kategori:Percobaan fisika|Michelson-Morley]]
| |||