Haruki Murakami: Perbedaan antara revisi
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(51 revisi perantara oleh 12 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox writer
|name = Haruki Murakami<br>村上 春樹
|image =
|imagesize = 220px
|caption = Murakami
|pseudonym =
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1949|1|12|mf=y}}
|birth_place = [[Kyoto]], [[
|death_date =
|death_place =
|occupation =
* Novelis
* Penulis cerita pendek
* Penulis esai
* Penerjemah
|nationality = Jepang
|period =
|alma_mater = [[Universitas Waseda]]
|
* Fiksi
* [[Surealisme]]
* [[Realisme magis]]
* [[Bildungsroman]]
* [[Pascamodernisme]]
* [[Realisme sastra]]
|notableworks = ''[[A Wild Sheep Chase]]'' (1982), ''[[Norwegian Wood (novel)|Norwegian Wood]]'' (1987), ''[[Kronik Burung Pegas|The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle]]'' (1994-1995), ''[[Kafka on the Shore]]'' (2002), ''[[1Q84]]'' (2009–2010)
|spouse = {{marriage|Yoko Murakami|1971}}
|website = <!--as of 2014 Murakami has no official site-->
|signature = Haruki Murakami
| module = {{Infobox philosopher|embed=yes
|influences = [[Honoré de Balzac|Balzac]], [[Richard Brautigan|Brautigan]], [[Truman Capote|Capote]], [[Raymond Carver|Carver]], [[Raymond Chandler|Chandler]], [[Anton Chekhov|Chekov]], [[Philip K. Dick|Dick]], [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky|Dostoyevsky]], [[F. Scott Fitzgerald|Fitzgerald]], [[Gabriel García Márquez|García Márquez]], [[John Irving|Irving]], [[Franz Kafka|Kafka]], [[David Lynch|Lynch]], [[Jerome David Salinger|Salinger]], [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]], [[Kurt Vonnegut|Vonnegut]]}}}}
{{nihongo|'''Haruki Murakami'''|村上 春樹|Murakami Haruki}} ({{lahirmati|[[Kyoto]], [[Jepang]]|12|1|1949}})<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2021/01/12/UPI-Almanac-for-Tuesday-Jan-12-2021/5231610417906/|title= UPI Almanac for Tuesday, Jan. 12, 2021|agency= [[United Press International]] | date= January 12, 2021|accessdate=February 27, 2021 | archive-date= January 29, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210129023331/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2021/01/12/UPI-Almanac-for-Tuesday-Jan-12-2021/5231610417906/|url-status=live|quote = … author Haruki Murakami in 1949 (age 72)}}</ref> adalah seorang penulis asal Jepang. Novel, esai, dan cerita pendeknya telah menjadi buku terlaris diseluruh dunia, karyanya diterjemahkan ke dalam 50 bahasa<ref>[[Curtis Brown (literary agents)|Curtis Brown]] (2014), [http://www.curtisbrown.co.uk/haruki-marukami-now-available-in-50-languages/ "Haruki Murakami now available in 50 languages"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215045111/http://www.curtisbrown.co.uk/haruki-marukami-now-available-in-50-languages|date=February 15, 2015}}, curtisbrown.co.uk, February 27, 2014: "Following a recent Malay deal Haruki Marukami's work is now available in 50 languages worldwide."</ref> dan telah terjual jutaan kopi di luar Jepang.<ref>{{cite web|author=Maiko, Hisada|url=http://www.cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp/information/famous/murakamih.html |title=Murakami Haruki|work=[[Kyoto Sangyo University]]|date=November 1995|access-date=April 24, 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080523150906/http://www.cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp/information/famous/murakamih.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date =May 23, 2008}}</ref><ref>McCurry, Justin, [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jan/16/haruki-murakami-agony-uncle-fans-online-questions "Secrets and advice: Haruki Murakami posts first responses in agony uncle role"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014185647/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jan/16/haruki-murakami-agony-uncle-fans-online-questions |date=October 14, 2016 }}, ''The Guardian'', January 16, 2015.</ref> Dia menerima banyak penghargaan untuk karyanya, termasuk [[Gunzo Prize for New Writers|Gunzou Prize for New Writers]], [[Penghargaan Fantasi Dunia]], [[Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award]], [[Penghargaan Franz Kafka]], dan [[Penghargaan Yerusalem]], yang penerima sebelumnya [[J. M. Coetzee|J.M. Coetzee]], [[Milan Kundera]], dan [[V. S. Naipaul|V.S. Naipaul]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Japan's Murakami wins Kafka prize |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/japan-s-murakami-wins-kafka-prize-1.619450 |access-date=12 September 2020 |work=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|CBC]] |date=30 October 2006 |archive-date=2022-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221023213230/https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/japan-s-murakami-wins-kafka-prize-1.619450 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kelleher |first1=Olivia |title=Frank O'Connor short story award goes to Japanese author |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/frank-o-connor-short-story-award-goes-to-japanese-author-1.1006945 |access-date=12 September 2020 |work=[[Irish Times]] |date=25 September 2006 |archive-date=2022-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024043427/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/frank-o-connor-short-story-award-goes-to-japanese-author-1.1006945 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Flood |first1=Alison |title=Murakami defies protests to accept Jerusalem prize |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/feb/16/haruki-murakami-jerusalem-prize |access-date=12 September 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=16 February 2009 |archive-date=2023-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524223255/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/feb/16/haruki-murakami-jerusalem-prize |dead-url=no }}</ref>
Murakami menghabiskan masa kecil di [[Kobe]] sebelum pindah ke [[Tokyo]] untuk kuliah di [[Universitas Waseda]], dia menerbitkan novel pertamanya ''[[Dengarlah Nyanyian Angin]]'' (1979) saat masih menjadi pemilik bar jazz kecil selama tujuh tahun.<ref name="Author">{{Cite web|title=Author|url=https://www.harukimurakami.com/author/|access-date=2021-06-17|website=Haruki Murakami|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230702095622/https://www.harukimurakami.com/author/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Karya-karyanya terkenal lainnya seperti ''[[Norwegian Wood (novel)|Norwegian Wood]]'' (1987), ''[[Kronik Burung Pegas]]'' (1994–95), ''[[Dunia Kafka]]'' (2002), dan ''[[1Q84]]'' (2009–10). Novel ''1Q84'' merupakan karya terbaik pada [[Heisei|era Heisei]] (1989-2019) menurut surat kabar nasional ''[[The Asahi Shimbun|Asahi Shimbun]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=11 January 2021|title=The best Japanese work of fiction published in Japanese during Japan’s Heisei era was ‘IQ84’ by Haruki Murakami|url=https://www.redcircleauthors.com/factbook/the-best-japanese-work-of-fiction-published-in-japanese-during-japans-heisei-era-was-iq84-by-haruki-murakami/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128064406/https://www.redcircleauthors.com/factbook/the-best-japanese-work-of-fiction-published-in-japanese-during-japans-heisei-era-was-iq84-by-haruki-murakami/|archive-date=2023-01-28|access-date=11 January 2021|website=Red Circle Authors|dead-url=no}}</ref> Karyanya menggabungkan [[fiksi ilmiah]], [[fantasi]], dan [[fiksi kriminal]], serta terkenal dengan penggunaan elemen [[realisme magis]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Oates|first=Joyce Carol|title=Science Fiction Doesn’t Have to Be Dystopian|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/05/13/science-fiction-doesnt-have-to-be-dystopian|access-date=2021-06-17|website=The New Yorker|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628160456/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/05/13/science-fiction-doesnt-have-to-be-dystopian|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jamshidian|first=Sahar|last2=Pirnajmuddin|first2=Hossein|date=2014-01-01|title=Dancing with shadows: Haruki Murakami's dance dance dance|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305158673_Dancing_with_shadows_Haruki_Murakami's_dance_dance_dance|volume=21|pages=41–51}}</ref> Situs web resminya mencantumkan [[Raymond Chandler]], [[Kurt Vonnegut]], dan [[Richard Brautigan]] sebagai inspirasi utama karyanya, sementara Murakami sendiri menyebut [[Kazuo Ishiguro]], [[Cormac McCarthy]], dan [[Dag Solstad]] sebagai penulis aktif favoritnya saat ini.<ref name="Author"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-09-13|title=Haruki Murakami: 'I'm an outcast of the Japanese literary world'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/13/haruki-murakami-interview-colorless-tsukur-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage|access-date=2021-06-17|website=the Guardian|language=en|archive-date=2023-04-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421205844/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/13/haruki-murakami-interview-colorless-tsukur-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage|dead-url=no}}</ref> Murakami juga telah menerbitkan lima kumpulan cerita pendek, termasuk karyanya yang paling baru, ''[[Orang Pertama Tunggal]]'' (2020), dan karya nonfiksi ''[[Underground (novel)|Underground]]'' (1997), terinspirasi oleh wawancara pribadi yang dilakukan Murakami dengan para korban [[Serangan gas sarin di kereta bawah tanah Tokyo|serangan sarin kereta bawah tanah Tokyo]], dan ''[[What I Talk About When I Talk About Running]] '' (2007), serangkaian esai pribadi memuat pengalamannya sebagai pelari maraton.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mambrol|first=Nasrullah|date=2019-04-08|title=Analysis of Haruki Murakami’s Novels|url=https://literariness.org/2019/04/08/analysis-of-haruki-murakamis-novels/|access-date=2021-06-17|website=Literary Theory and Criticism|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615024213/https://literariness.org/2019/04/08/analysis-of-haruki-murakamis-novels/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
Prosanya telah mempolarisasi kritikus sastra dan pembaca. Dia kadang-kadang dikritik [[sastra Jepang|kemapanan sastra Jepang]] sebagai orang asing, yang menyebabkan Murakami menganggap dirinya "kambing hitam di kesusastraan Jepang".<ref name="Guardian2014-09-13">{{cite news |first=Steven |last=Poole |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/13/haruki-murakami-interview-colorless-tsukur-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage |title=Haruki Murakami: 'I'm an outcast of the Japanese literary world' |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=September 13, 2014 |location=London |quote=Murakami doesn't read many of his Japanese contemporaries. Does he feel detached from his home scene? "It's a touchy topic", he says, chuckling. "I'm a kind of outcast of the Japanese literary world. I have my own readers ... But critics, writers, many of them don't like me." Why is that? "I have no idea! I have been writing for 35 years and from the beginning up to now the situation's almost the same. I'm kind of an ugly duckling. Always the duckling, never the swan." |access-date=December 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222163648/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/13/haruki-murakami-interview-colorless-tsukur-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage |archive-date=December 22, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=kelts>{{cite web |url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/books/2012/10/the-harukists-disappointed.html |title=The Harukists, Disappointed |work=[[The New Yorker]] |author=Kelts, Roland |date=October 16, 2012 |access-date=October 17, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018185049/http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/books/2012/10/the-harukists-disappointed.html |archive-date=October 18, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-10-10|title=Haruki Murakami: ‘You have to go through the darkness before you get to the light’|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/11/haruki-murakami-interview-killing-commendatore|access-date=2021-06-17|website=the Guardian|language=en|archive-date=2023-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628183549/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/11/haruki-murakami-interview-killing-commendatore|dead-url=no}}</ref> Sementara itu, Murakami digambarkan oleh [[Gary Fisketjon]], editor ''[[The Elephant Vanishes]]'' (1993), sebagai "penulis yang benar-benar luar biasa", sedangkan Steven Poole dari ''[[The Guardian]]'' memuji Murakami "di antara novelis-novelis mahsyur yang masih hidup.<ref name="Poole, Steve">{{cite news|author=Poole, Steven|url=https://www.theguardian.com/Archive/Article/0,4273,4022565,00.html|title=Tunnel vision|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=May 27, 2000|access-date=April 24, 2009|location=London|archive-date=2020-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124055938/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/may/27/fiction.harukimurakami|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Author's Desktop: Haruki Murakami|url=http://www.randomhouse.com/knopf/authors/murakami/desktop_8.html|access-date=2021-06-17|website=www.randomhouse.com|archive-date=2021-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208011435/http://www.randomhouse.com/knopf/authors/murakami/desktop_8.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
==Biografi==
Murakami lahir di [[Kyoto]], Jepang, selama [[ledakan kelahiran pasca Perang Dunia II|periode ledakan kelahiran pasca perang]] dan dibesarkan di [[Nishinomiya]], [[Ashiya, Hyōgo|Ashiya]] dan [[Kobe]].<ref>"Murakami Asahido", Shincho-sha,1984</ref><ref name=tele/> Ia adalah anak tunggal. Ayahnya adalah putra seorang pendeta [[Buddhisme|Buddha]],<ref>{{cite web|author=Tandon, Shaun|url=http://entertainment.iafrica.com/features/990664.htm|title=The loneliness of Haruki Murakami|work=[[iAfrica]]|date=March 27, 2006|access-date=April 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223075738/http://entertainment.iafrica.com/features/990664.htm|archive-date=December 23, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> lalu ibunya adalah putri seorang pedagang di [[Osaka]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Rubin |first=Jay |author-link=Jay Rubin |title=Haruki Murakami and the Music of Words |url=https://archive.org/details/harukimurakamimu0000rubi |publisher=[[Harvill Press]] |year=2002 |page=[https://archive.org/details/harukimurakamimu0000rubi/page/14 14] |isbn=1-86046-986-8}}</ref> Keduanya lantas mengajar [[sastra Jepang]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Naparstek, Ben|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/books/the-lone-wolf/2006/06/21/1150845234882.html|title=The lone wolf|work=[[The Age]]|date=June 24, 2006|access-date=April 24, 2008|location=Melbourne|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523203946/http://www.theage.com.au/news/books/the-lone-wolf/2006/06/21/1150845234882.html|archive-date=May 23, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
Ayahnya, menurut sebuah artikel yang diterbitkan oleh BungeiShunju, sebuah majalah Jepang bertajuk ''Abandoning a Cat: What I Talk About When I Talk About My Father.''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nast|first=Condé|date=2019-09-26|title=Abandoning a Cat|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/10/07/abandoning-a-cat|website=The New Yorker|language=|access-date=2023-01-15|archive-date=2023-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605012731/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/10/07/abandoning-a-cat|dead-url=no}}</ref> Turut ambil andil dalam [[Perang Tiongkok-Jepang Kedua]], akibatnya dia sangat trauma, hal tersebut lantas ikut mempengaruhi Murakami.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pandaily.com/japanese-writer-haruki-murakami-speaks-up-on-his-familys-involvement-in-the-sino-japanese-war/|title=Japanese Writer Haruki Murakami Speaks Up on His Family's Involvement in the Sino-Japanese War|last=Li|first=Gabriel|date=May 13, 2019|website=Pandaily|language=en-US|access-date=May 16, 2019|archive-date=2019-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221213044/https://pandaily.com/japanese-writer-haruki-murakami-speaks-up-on-his-familys-involvement-in-the-sino-japanese-war/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
Sejak kecil, Murakami, sering disebut-sebut mirip dengan [[Kōbō Abe]]. Murakami muda telah banyak dipengaruhi oleh budaya Barat, khususnya musik dan sastra Barat termasuk Rusia. Ia tumbuh dengan membaca berbagai karya penulis Eropa dan Amerika, seperti [[Franz Kafka]], [[Gustave Flaubert]], [[Charles Dickens]], [[Kurt Vonnegut]], [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]], [[Richard Brautigan]] dan [[Jack Kerouac]].<ref name="theguardian.com">Williams, Richard, [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/may/17/fiction.harukimurakami "Marathon man"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329234739/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/may/17/fiction.harukimurakami |date=March 29, 2017 }}, ''The Guardian'', May 17, 2003.</ref> Pengaruh Barat inilah yang menjadi pembeda antara Murakami dengan mayoritas penulis Jepang lainnya.<ref>{{cite web|author=Gewertz, Ken|url=http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2005/12.01/15-murakami.html|title=Murakami is explorer of imagination|work=[[Harvard Gazette]]|date=December 1, 2005|access-date=April 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506055312/http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2005/12.01/15-murakami.html|archive-date=May 6, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Murakami mengambil studi drama di [[Universitas Waseda]], dari situlah ia dipertemukan dengan Yoko, yang kelak menjadi istrinya. Murakami mengambil pekerjaan paruh-waktu di toko kaset. Sesaat sebelum menyelesaikan studinya, Murakami membuka kedai kopi dan bar jazz bernama Peter Cat, di [[Kokubunji, Tokyo]], yang dijalankan bersama istrinya,<ref>{{cite web|author=Goodwin, Liz C.|url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=509594|title=Translating Murakami|work=[[Harvard Crimson]]|date=November 3, 2005|access-date=April 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031015414/http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=509594|archive-date=October 31, 2007|url-status=live}}</ref> dari tahun 1974 hingga 1981.<ref>{{cite web |author=Nakanishi, Wendy Jones |url=http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/discussionpapers/2006/Nakanishi2.html |title=Nihilism or Nonsense? The Postmodern Fiction of Martin Amis and Haruki Murakami |access-date=November 18, 2008 |work=Electronic Journal of Contemporary Japanese Studies |date=May 8, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223012413/http://www.japanesestudies.org.uk/discussionpapers/2006/Nakanishi2.html |archive-date=December 23, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> Baik Murakami ataupun Yoko sepakat [[Childfree|memutuskan untuk tidak memiliki anak]].<ref name=tele>{{cite news | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/donotmigrate/3600566/Tales-of-the-unexpected.html | title=Tales of the unexpected | work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] | date=August 15, 2003 | access-date=July 9, 2008 | location=London | first=Mick | last=Brown | author-link=Mick Brown (journalist) | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031003110212/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2003%2F08%2F16%2Fbomura16.xml | archive-date=October 3, 2003 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=August 10, 2017|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3b3cf834-089e-11db-b9b2-0000779e2340.html?ft_site=falcon&desktop=true#axzz4i2pzDZU2|title=The enemy within|website=[[Financial Times]]|date=July 1, 2006|location=Tokyo, Japan|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170525003713/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3b3cf834-089e-11db-b9b2-0000779e2340.html?ft_site=falcon&desktop=true%23axzz4i2pzDZU2|archive-date=May 25, 2017|first=Ben|last=Naparstek|author-link=Ben Naparstek}}</ref>
Dilain sisi sebagai penulis, Murakami juga seorang pelari maraton berpengalaman sekaligus penggemar triathlon, walaupun ia baru menekuni hobinya itu disaat berusia 33 tahun, hal ini ia lakukan sebagai salah satu cara untuk tetap sehat meskipun sebagian besar waktunya dihabiskan di meja tulisnya. Pada tanggal 23 Juni 1996, ia menyelesaikan ultramarathon pertamanya, mencakup balapan 100 km di sekitar [[Danau Saroma]] di [[Hokkaido|Hokkaido, Jepang]].<ref>{https://www.runnersworld.com/runners-stories/a20845602/im-a-runner-haruki-murakami/}{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2008/jul/27/athletics.harukimurakami|title=Nobody pounded the table anymore, nobody threw their cups|work=[[The Observer]]|date=July 27, 2008|access-date=July 27, 2008|location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215060130/http://www.theguardian.com/sport/2008/jul/27/athletics.harukimurakami|archive-date=December 15, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Ia membahas hubungannya dengan lari dalam memoarnya ''[[What I Talk About When I Talk About Running]]'' yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2008.<ref>{{cite news|author=Houpt, Simon|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080801.wmurakami02/BNStory/Entertainment/home|title=The loneliness of the long-distance writer|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|date=August 1, 2008|access-date=December 10, 2008|location=Toronto|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081222213437/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080801.wmurakami02/BNStory/Entertainment/home|archive-date=December 22, 2008}}</ref>
== Karier penulisan ==
=== ''Trilogy of the Rat'' ===
Murakami mulai menulis fiksi sejak berumur 29 tahun
Kesuksesan awal Murakami dengan ''Hear the Wind Sing'' mendorongnya untuk terus menulis. Setahun kemudian, ia menerbitkan sekuel, ''[[Pinball, 1973]]''. Pada tahun 1982, ia menerbitkan ''[[A Wild Sheep Chase]]'', sebuah kesuksesan yang kritis. ''Hear the Wind Sing'', ''Pinball, 1973'', dan ''A Wild Sheep Chase'' membentuk ''Trilogy of the Rat'' (sekuel, ''[[Dance Dance Dance (novel)|Dance, Dance, Dance]]'', ditulis kemudian tetapi tidak dianggap sebagai bagian dari serial ini), berpusat pada narator yang tidak disebutkan namanya dan temannya, "the Rat". Dua novel pertama tidak tersedia secara luas dalam terjemahan bahasa Inggris di luar Jepang hingga tahun 2015, meskipun edisi bahasa Inggris, diterjemahkan oleh [[Alfred Birnbaum]] dengan catatan ekstensif, telah diterbitkan oleh [[Kodansha]] sebagai bagian dari seri yang ditujukan untuk mahasiswa dalam memahami bahasa Inggris. Murakami menganggap dua novel pertamanya sebagai "belum matang" dan "lemah",<ref name="theparisreview.org"/> dan belum ingin menerjemahkannya ke dalam bahasa Inggris. ''A Wild Sheep Chase'', katanya, adalah "karya pertama di mana saya bisa merasakan semacam sensasi, kegembiraan bercerita. Ketika Anda membaca cerita yang bagus, Anda terus membaca. Saat saya menulis cerita yang bagus. cerita, saya hanya terus menulis."<ref name=publishersweekly>{{cite magazine | title=PW Interviews: Haruki Murakami | first=Elizabeth | last=Devereaux | date=September 21, 1991 | magazine=[[Publishers Weekly]]}}</ref>
=== Pengakuan luas ===
Pada tahun 1985, Murakami menulis ''[[Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World]]'', sebuah novel fantasi seperti mimpi yang membawa elemen magis dalam karyanya ke suatu dinamika ekstrem baru. Murakami mencapai terobosan besar dan pengakuan secara nasional pada tahun 1987 dengan terbitnya ''[[Norwegian Wood (novel)|Norwegian Wood]]'', sebuah kisah nostalgia tentang kehilangan dan seksualitas. Karya tersebut lantas terjual jutaan kopi di kalangan anak muda Jepang.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15316678|title=How did Murakami conquer the world?|last=Hegarty|first=Stephanie|date=October 17, 2011|work=BBC News|access-date=February 21, 2018|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417180004/http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-15316678|archive-date=April 17, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
''Norwegian Wood'' mendorong Murakami yang hampir tidak dikenal menjadi sorotan. Dia dikerumuni di bandara dan tempat umum lainnya, yang menyebabkan kepergiannya dari Jepang pada tahun 1986.<ref name=thegeorgiareview>{{cite journal | url=http://garev.uga.edu/ArchiveFiles/murakami.pdf | title='In Dreams Begins Responsibility': An Interview with Haruki Murakami | journal=[[The Georgia Review]] | date=2005 | pages=548–567 | volume=59 | access-date=June 11, 2016 | location=Georgia | first1=Jonathan | first2=Mitoko | last1=Ellis | last2=Hirabayashi | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816144823/http://garev.uga.edu/ArchiveFiles/murakami.pdf | archive-date=August 16, 2016 }}</ref> Murakami melakukan perjalanan melalui Eropa, tinggal di Amerika Serikat dan saat ini tinggal di [[Oiso, Kanagawa]], dengan kantor di Tokyo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/23/magazine/the-fierce-imagination-of-haruki-murakami.html|title=The Fierce Imagination of Haruki Murakami|last=Anderson|first=Sam|date=October 21, 2011|work=The New York Times|access-date=February 21, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180314100953/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/23/magazine/the-fierce-imagination-of-haruki-murakami.html|archive-date=March 14, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
Murakami adalah seorang penulis di [[Universitas Princeton]] [[Princeton, New Jersey]], [[Universitas Tufts]] di [[Medford, Massachusetts]], dan [[Universitas Harvard]] di [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].<ref name=tele/><ref name=newyorker>{{cite news|url=https://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/books/2013/05/murakami-running-boston-marathon-bombing.html|title=Boston, From One Citizen of the World Who Calls Himself a Runner|work=[[The New Yorker]]|date=May 3, 2013|access-date=May 3, 2013|location=New York|first=Haruki|last=Murakami|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503221619/http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/books/2013/05/murakami-running-boston-marathon-bombing.html|archive-date=May 3, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Dalam kurun waktu itu ia menulis ''South of the Border, West of the Sun'' dan ''The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle''.<ref name=tele/>
=== Dari "berpendirian teguh" hingga "berkomitmen" ===
''[[The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle|Kronik Burung Pegas]]'' (1995) memadukan realistis dan fantastis serta mengandung unsur kekerasan fisik. Karya ini juga lebih sadar sosial daripada karya sebelumnya, sebagian berurusan dengan topik sulit seperti [[kejahatan perang di Manchukuo]] di ([[Tiongkok Timur Laut]]). Novel ini memenangkan [[Penghargaan Yomiuri]], yang diberikan oleh salah satu mantan kritikus Murakami yang paling keras, [[Kenzaburō Ōe]], yang memenangkan Hadiah Nobel Sastra pada tahun 1994.<ref name=jarev>{{cite web|url=http://www.japannewsreview.com/society/kansai/20070705page_id=344|title=Haruki Murakami congratulated on Nobel Prize – only, he hadn't won it|work=Japan News Review|date=July 5, 2007|access-date=April 24, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430051938/http://www.japannewsreview.com/society/kansai/20070705page_id=344|archive-date=April 30, 2008}}</ref>
Pemrosesan trauma kolektif segera menjadi tema penting dalam tulisan Murakami, yang sebelumnya lebih bersifat pribadi. Murakami kembali ke Jepang setelah [[Gempa bumi besar Hanshin|gempa Kobe]] dan [[Serangan gas sarin di kereta bawah tanah Tokyo|serangan gas Aum Shinrikyo]].<ref name="theguardian.com"/> Dia mengatasi peristiwa ini dengan karya non-fiksi pertamanya, ''[[Underground (novel)|Underground]]'', dan kumpulan cerita pendek ''[[After the quake]]''. Isi dari ''Underground'' merujuk pada wawancara para korban serangan gas di kereta bawah tanah Tokyo.
Murakami sendiri menyebutkan bahwa ia mengubah posisinya dari salah satu "detasemen" menjadi salah satu "komitmen" setelah tinggal di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1991. "Buku-buku awalnya, katanya, berasal dari kegelapan individu, sementara karya-karyanya selanjutnya menyentuh kegelapan ditemukan dalam masyarakat dan sejarah," tulis Wendy Edelstein dalam sebuah artikel untuk [[University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley]] News.<ref name="Endelstein2008-10-15">Endelstein, Wendy, [http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2008/10/15_murakami.shtml What Haruki Murakami talks about when he talks about writing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081026160514/http://www.berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2008/10/15_murakami.shtml|date=October 26, 2008}}, ''UC Berkeley News'', October 15, 2008, accessed August 12, 2014.</ref>
Terjemahan bahasa Inggris dari banyak cerita pendeknya yang ditulis antara tahun 1983 dan 1990 telah dikumpulkan di ''[[The Elephant Vanishes]]''. Murakami juga telah menerjemahkan banyak karya [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]], [[Raymond Carver]], [[Truman Capote]], [[John Irving]], dan [[Paul Theroux]], antara lain, ke dalam bahasa Jepang.<ref name=tele/>
Murakami mengambil peran aktif dalam menerjemahkan karyanya ke dalam bahasa Inggris, mendorong "adaptasi" teks-teksnya ke realitas Amerika daripada terjemahan langsung. Beberapa karyanya yang muncul dalam bahasa Jerman ternyata merupakan terjemahan dari bahasa Inggris daripada bahasa Jepang (''South of the Border, West of the Sun'', 2000; ''The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle'', 2000-an), didorong oleh Murakami sendiri. Keduanya kemudian diterjemahkan ulang dari bahasa Jepang.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nippon.com/en/column/g00144/|title=Orchestrating Translations: The Case of Murakami Haruki|last=Hijiya-Kirschnereit|first=Irmela|date=January 10, 2014|publisher=Nippon Communications Foundation|access-date=January 13, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413093822/http://www.nippon.com/en/column/g00144/|archive-date=April 13, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
===Sejak tahun 1999===
''[[Sputnik Sweetheart]]'' pertama kali diterbitkan pada tahun 1999, diikuti oleh ''[[Kafka on the Shore]]'' pada tahun 2002, dengan terjemahan bahasa Inggris menyusul pada tahun 2005. ''Kafka on the Shore'' menang Penghargaan Fantasi Dunia untuk Novel pada tahun 2006.<ref>{{cite web|author=World Fantasy Convention|year=2010|title=Award Winners and Nominees|url=http://www.worldfantasy.org/awards/awardslist.html/|access-date=February 4, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201074405/http://worldfantasy.org/awards/awardslist.html|archive-date=December 1, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> Versi bahasa Inggris dari novelnya ''[[After Dark (novel)|After Dark]]'' dirilis pada Mei 2007. Dan terpilih oleh ''[[The New York Times]]'' sebagai "buku terkenal di tahun ini".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/02/books/review/notable-books-2007.html|title=100 Notable Books of the Year – 2007|date=December 2, 2007|work=The New York Times|access-date=February 25, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411144025/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/02/books/review/notable-books-2007.html|archive-date=April 11, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada akhir tahun 2005, Murakami menerbitkan kumpulan cerita pendek berjudul ''Tōkyō Kitansh'', yang diterjemahkan secara bebas dengan nama "Misteri Tokyo". Kumpulan versi bahasa Inggris dari dua puluh empat cerita pendek, berjudul ''[[Blind Willow, Sleeping Woman]]'', diterbitkan pada Agustus 2006. Koleksi ini mencakup karya-karya lama dari tahun 1980-an serta beberapa karya Murakami lainnya. cerita pendek terbaru, termasuk kelimanya yang muncul di ''Tōkyō Kitansh''.
Pada tahun 2002, Murakami menerbitkan antologi ''[[Birthday Stories]]'', yang mengumpulkan cerita pendek bertema ulang tahun. Koleksinya meliputi karya [[Russell Banks]], [[Ethan Canin]], [[Raymond Carver]], [[David Foster Wallace]], [[Denis Johnson]], [[Claire Keegan]], [[Andrea Lee (penulis)|Andrea Lee]], [[Daniel Lyons]], Lynda Sexson, [[Paul Theroux]], dan [[William Trevor]], serta cerita oleh Murakami sendiri. ''[[What I Talk About When I Talk About Running]]'', berisi cerita tentang pengalamannya sebagai pelari maraton dan atlet triatlon, diterbitkan di Jepang pada tahun 2007,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/04/09/2211935.htm|title=Haruki Murakami hard at work on 'horror' novel|work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]]|date=April 9, 2008|access-date=April 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413023550/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/04/09/2211935.htm|archive-date=April 13, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> dengan terjemahan bahasa Inggris yang dirilis di Inggris dan AS pada tahun 2008. Judulnya adalah plesetan dari kumpulan cerita pendek [[Raymond Carver]], ''[[What We Talk About When We Talk About Love]]'' .<ref>{{cite news |author=Alastair Campbell |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/jul/26/sportandleisure |title=Review: What I Talk About When I Talk About Running by Haruki Murakami |work=The Guardian |date=July 26, 2008 |access-date=December 5, 2011 |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205031053/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/jul/26/sportandleisure |archive-date=December 5, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Shinchosha|Shinchosha Publishing]] menerbitkan novel Murakami ''[[1Q84]]'' di Jepang pada 29 Mei 2009. ''1Q84'' diucapkan "ichi kyū hachi yon", sama dengan ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four|1984]]'', karena ''9'' juga diucapkan "kyū" dalam [[Bahasa Jepang|Jepang]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meanjin.com.au/spike-the-meanjin-blog/post/murakami-round-up-ichi-kyu-hachi-yon/|title=Murakami round-up: ichi kyu hachi yon|work=[[Meanjin]]|date=August 6, 2009|access-date=July 4, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014141137/http://meanjin.com.au/spike-the-meanjin-blog/post/murakami-round-up-ichi-kyu-hachi-yon/|archive-date=October 14, 2009}}</ref> Buku tersebut masuk daftar panjang untuk [[Man Asian Literary Prize]] pada tahun 2011. Namun, setelah [[demonstrasi anti-Jepang China 2012|demonstrasi anti-Jepang 2012]] di China, buku-buku Murakami dihapus dari penjualan di sana, bersama dengan penulis Jepang lainnya.<ref name=asahi20120922>{{cite web |url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/china/AJ201209220047 |title=Japan-related books disappear in Beijing; Chinese demand pay hikes from Japanese employers |work=Asahi shimbun |date=September 22, 2012 |access-date=September 23, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924080418/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/asia/china/AJ201209220047 |archive-date=September 24, 2012 }}</ref><ref name=vor20120922>{{cite web |url=http://english.ruvr.ru/2012_09_28/What-is-behind-the-anti-Japanese-protests-in-China/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130417184358/http://english.ruvr.ru/2012_09_28/What-is-behind-the-anti-Japanese-protests-in-China/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 17, 2013 |title=What is behind the anti-Japanese protests in China? |publisher=[[Voice of Russia]] |date=September 28, 2012 |access-date=September 29, 2012 }}</ref> Murakami mengkritik sengketa wilayah politik China–Jepang, mencirikan respons nasionalistik yang berlebihan sebagai "minuman keras murah" yang diberikan politisi kepada publik.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Books/Chunk-HT-UI-BooksSectionPage-LiteraryBuzz/Author-Murakami-wades-into-Japan-China-island-row/Article1-937028.aspx |title=Author Murakami wades into Japan-China island row |work=AFP |publisher=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=September 28, 2012 |access-date=September 29, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928224206/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Books/Chunk-HT-UI-BooksSectionPage-LiteraryBuzz/Author-Murakami-wades-into-Japan-China-island-row/Article1-937028.aspx |archive-date=September 28, 2012 }}</ref> Pada April 2013, ia menerbitkan novelnya ''[[Tsukuru Tazaki Tanpa Warna dan Tahun Ziarahnya]]''. Lalu menjadi buku terlaris internasional tetapi menerima ulasan yang beragam.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/aug/06/colorless-tsukuru-tazaki-years-pilgimage-haruki-murakami-review |author=Lawson, Mark |title=Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage by Haruki Murakami – review |work=The Guardian |date=August 6, 2014 |access-date=April 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405131832/http://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/aug/06/colorless-tsukuru-tazaki-years-pilgimage-haruki-murakami-review |archive-date=April 5, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Smith, Patti|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/10/books/review/haruki-murakamis-colorless-tsukuru-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage.html?_r=0|title=Deep Chords: Haruki Murakami's 'Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage'|work=The New York Times|date=August 10, 2014|access-date=April 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414013214/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/10/books/review/haruki-murakamis-colorless-tsukuru-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage.html?_r=0|archive-date=April 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
''[[Killing Commendatore]]'' (''Kishidancho Goroshi'') adalah karya Murakami terbaru pada 2018. Diterbitkan di Jepang pada 24 Februari 2017 dan di AS pada Oktober 2018, novel ini adalah fiksi sejarah yang menimbulkan kontroversi di Hong Kong. Novel tersebut diberi label "tidak senonoh" di Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jul/25/haruki-murakami-novel-indecent-hong-kong-censors-killing-commendatore|title=Haruki Murakami's new novel declared 'indecent' by Hong Kong censors|date=July 25, 2018|website=the Guardian|access-date=2021-11-12|archive-date=2023-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628202005/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/jul/25/haruki-murakami-novel-indecent-hong-kong-censors-killing-commendatore|dead-url=no}}</ref> Klasifikasi ini menyebabkan sejumlah besar [[sensor]].{{citation needed|date=October 2018}} Penerbit tidak boleh mendistribusikan buku kepada orang di bawah usia 18 tahun, dan harus memiliki label peringatan yang tercetak di sampulnya.
==Gaya kepenulisan==
Sebagian besar karya Haruki Murakami menggunakan [[narasi orang pertama]] dalam tradisi Jepang [[I Novel]]. Dia menyatakan bahwa karena keluarga memainkan peran penting dalam sastra tradisional Jepang, setiap karakter utama yang mandiri menjadi seorang pria yang menghargai kebebasan dan kesendirian atas keintiman.<ref name=theparisreview.org/> Yang juga menonjol adalah humor unik Murakami, seperti yang terlihat dalam kumpulan cerita pendeknya tahun 2000, ''[[after the quake]]''. Dalam cerita "Superfrog Saves Tokyo", protagonis dihadapkan dengan katak setinggi 6 kaki yang berbicara tentang kehancuran Tokyo sambil minum teh. Terlepas dari nada cerita yang tenang, Murakami merasa pembaca harus dihibur setelah keseriusan suatu topik dibicarakan.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} Fitur penting lainnya dari cerita Murakami adalah komentar yang datang dari karakter utama tentang betapa anehnya cerita itu sendiri. Murakami menjelaskan bahwa karakternya mengalami apa yang dia alami saat dia menulis, yang dapat dibandingkan dengan set film di mana dinding dan alat peraga semuanya palsu.<ref name=theparisreview.org/> Dia lebih jauh membandingkan proses menulis dengan film: "Itulah salah satu kesenangan menulis fiksi—saya membuat film sendiri yang dibuat hanya untuk diri saya sendiri."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rapold|first=Nicolas|date=25 November 2021|title=Haruki Murakami and the Challenge of Adapting His Tales for Film|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/25/movies/haruki-murakami-drive-my-car-ryusuke-hamaguchi.html|access-date=29 November 2021|website=The New York Times|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230612215859/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/25/movies/haruki-murakami-drive-my-car-ryusuke-hamaguchi.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
Banyak novelnya memiliki tema dan judul yang membangkitkan musik klasik, seperti tiga buku yang mengarang ''[[Kronik Burung Pegas]]'': ''[[The Thieving Magpie]]'' (setelah opera [[Rossini]]), ''Bird as Prophet'' (setelah sebuah karya piano oleh [[Robert Schumann]] biasanya dikenal dalam bahasa Inggris sebagai ''The Prophet Bird''), dan ''The Bird-Catcher'' (karakter dalam opera [[Mozart]] ''[[The Magic Flute]]''). Beberapa novelnya mengambil judul dari lagu: ''[[Dance Dance Dance (novel)|Dance, Dance, Dance]]'' (serta lagu sisi B dari [[The Dells]]' (1957),<ref>Slocombe, Will (2004), [https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb/vol6/iss2/6/ "Haruki Murakami and the Ethics of Translation"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919234444/https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweb/vol6/iss2/6/|date=September 19, 2016}} (doi: 10.7771/1481-4374.1232), ''CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture'' (ISSN 1481-4374), [[Purdue University Press]], Vol. 6, Nr. 2, p. 5.</ref><ref>Chozick, Matthew Richard (2008), "De-Exoticizing Haruki Murakami's Reception" (doi: 10.1353/cls.0.0012), ''[[Comparative Literature Studies]]'' (ISSN 0010-4132), [[Pennsylvania State University Press]], Vol. 45, Nr. 1, p. 67.</ref> meskipun sering dianggap diberi judul setelah band [[the Beach Boys]]' merilis [[Dance, Dance, Dance (lagu)|lagu]]), ''[[Norwegian Wood (novel)|Norwegian Wood]]'' (melalui lagu karya [[The Beatles]] [[Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)|dengan judul sama]]) serta ''[[South of the Border, West of the Sun]]'' (pada lagu "[[South of the Border (lagu 1939)|South of the Border]]").<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author=Chozick, Matthew|url=http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=12512|title=The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle|encyclopedia=[[The Literary Encyclopedia]]|date=August 29, 2007|access-date=April 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131050242/http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=12512|archive-date=January 31, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
Beberapa analisis melihat aspek [[perdukunan]] dalam tulisannya. Dalam artikel tahun 2000, Susan Fisher menghubungkan [[agama rakyat Jepang]] atau perdukunan Jepang dengan beberapa elemen dari ''Kronik Burung Pegas'',<ref>Fisher, Susan (2000). "An Allegory of Return: Murakami Haruki's the Wind-up Bird Chronicle" ([https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/40247241?uid=3738032&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21104204005317 JSTOR]), ''[[Comparative Literature Studies]]'', Vol. 37, No. 2 (2000), pp. 155–170.</ref> seperti turun ke sumur kering. Pada simposium Oktober 2013 yang diadakan di [[Universitas Hawaii]],<ref>[http://www.hawaii.edu/calendar/manoa/2013/10/31/22467.html?et_id=29748 "Traveling Texts: Reading Haruki Murakami Across East Asia"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812214756/http://www.hawaii.edu/calendar/manoa/2013/10/31/22467.html?et_id=29748 |date=August 12, 2014 }} at University of Hawai'i, Mānoa.</ref> profesor asosiasi Jepang Nobuko Ochner berpendapat "ada banyak deskripsi perjalanan di dunia paralel serta karakter yang memiliki hubungan dengan perdukunan"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/special/HARUKI_MURAKAMI/AJ201312150006 |title=Haruki Murakami's themes of disaffected youth resonate with his East Asian fans |work=[[Asahi Shimbun]] AJW |date=December 15, 2013 |access-date=August 12, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808043831/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/special/HARUKI_MURAKAMI/AJ201312150006 |archive-date=August 8, 2014 }}</ref> dalam karya Murakami.
==Arsip==
Pada tahun 2018 [[Universitas Waseda]] di Tokyo setuju untuk menampung arsip Haruki Murakami, termasuk manuskrip, dokumen sumber, dan koleksi musiknya. Koleksi ini dimaksudkan untuk terbuka bagi para sarjana,<ref>{{Cite news |title=Writer Haruki Murakami plans archive at Japanese university |date=November 5, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/writer-haruki-murakami-plans-archive-at-japanese-university/articleshow/66505984.cms |access-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106032805/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/writer-haruki-murakami-plans-archive-at-japanese-university/articleshow/66505984.cms |archive-date=November 6, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> dan akan dibuka pada Oktober 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=「村上春樹ライブラリー」が早稲田大学内に10月に開館へ。建築設計は隈研吾|url=https://bijutsutecho.com/magazine/news/headline/23039|access-date=2021-09-22|website=美術手帖|language=ja|archive-date=2023-05-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508010926/https://bijutsutecho.com/magazine/news/headline/23039|dead-url=no}}</ref>
Pada September 2021, arsitek [[Kengo Kuma]] mengumumkan pembukaan perpustakaan yang didedikasikan sepenuhnya untuk karya Murakami di [[Universitas Waseda]]. Ini akan mencakup lebih dari 3.000 karya Murakami, termasuk terjemahan ke lebih dari 50 bahasa lain.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Brandoli |first1=Lucia |title=Kengo Kuma’s library devoted to Haruki Murakami opens in Tokyo |url=https://www.domusweb.it/en/news/2021/09/29/a-library-dedicated-to-haruki-murakami-opens-in-tokyo.html |access-date=30 September 2021 |work=Domus Web |date=29 September 2021 |archive-date=2023-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230508010924/https://www.domusweb.it/en/news/2021/09/29/a-library-dedicated-to-haruki-murakami-opens-in-tokyo.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>
==Kehidupan pribadi==
Setelah menerima Penghargaan Gunzo untuk karya sastra ''[[Dengarlah Nyanyian Angin]]'', Murakami tidak bercita-cita untuk bertemu dengan penulis lain.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} Selain [[Mary Morris (penulis)|Mary Morris]] Sarah Lawrence, yang dia sebutkan secara singkat dalam memoarnya ''[[What I Talk About When I Talk About Running]]'' bersama [[Joyce Carol Oates]] dan [[Toni Morrison]], Murakami tidak pernah menjadi bagian dari komunitas penulis, alasannya karena dia penyendiri dan tidak pernah menyukai kelompok, sekolah, dan lingkaran sastra.<ref name="theparisreview.org"/> Saat mengerjakan sebuah buku, Murakami menyatakan bahwa ia bergantung pada istrinya, yang selalu menjadi pembaca pertamanya.<ref name="theparisreview.org"/> Meskipun ia tidak pernah mengenal banyak penulis, di antara penulis kontemporer, ia menikmati karya [[Kazuo Ishiguro]], [[Cormac McCarthy]], [[Lee Child]] dan [[Dag Solstad]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/13/haruki-murakami-interview-colorless-tsukur-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage|title=Haruki Murakami: 'I'm an outcast of the Japanese literary world'|last=Poole|first=Steven|date=September 13, 2014|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=June 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180621115849/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/sep/13/haruki-murakami-interview-colorless-tsukur-tazaki-and-his-years-of-pilgrimage|archive-date=June 21, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Meskipun dia tidak banyak membaca literatur Jepang kontemporer,<ref name=":0" /> Murakami menikmati karya [[Ryū Murakami]] dan [[Banana Yoshimoto]].<ref name="theparisreview.org"/>
Haruki Murakami adalah penggemar novel kriminal. Selama hari-hari sekolah menengahnya saat tinggal di [[Kobe]], dia akan membeli novel dari toko buku bekas dan belajar membaca bahasa Inggris. Buku pertama yang dia baca dalam bahasa Inggris adalah ''The Name is Archer'', yang ditulis oleh [[Ross Macdonald]] pada tahun 1955. Penulis lain yang dia minati termasuk [[Leo Tolstoy]] dan [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]].<ref name="theparisreview.org"/>
Murakami juga memiliki hobi mendengarkan musik, terutama musik klasik dan [[jazz]]. Ketika dia berusia sekitar 15 tahun, dia mulai mengembangkan minat pada jazz setelah menghadiri konser [[Art Blakey|Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers]] di Kobe.<ref>Murakami, Haruki, [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/08/books/review/Murakami-t.html "Jazz Messenger"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170304172352/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/08/books/review/Murakami-t.html |date=March 4, 2017 }}, ''The New York Times'', July 8, 2007.</ref> Dia kemudian membuka Peter Cat, sebuah [[kedai kopi]] dan bar jazz. Murakami mengatakan bahwa musik, seperti menulis, sebuah perjalanan mental.<ref name="theparisreview.org" /> Pada suatu waktu ia bercita-cita menjadi seorang musisi, tetapi karena ia tidak bisa memainkan alat musik dengan baik ia memutuskan untuk menjadi seorang penulis sebagai gantinya.<ref name="theparisreview.org" />
Dalam sebuah wawancara dengan ''[[The Guardian]]'', Murakami menyatakan keyakinannya bahwa buku-buku surealisnya menarik bagi orang-orang terutama di saat gejolak dan kekacauan politik.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/11/haruki-murakami-interview-killing-commendatore|title=Haruki Murakami: 'You have to go through the darkness before you get to the light'|last=Burkeman|first=Oliver|date=October 10, 2018|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=October 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011003713/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/oct/11/haruki-murakami-interview-killing-commendatore|archive-date=October 11, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Dia menyatakan bahwa "Saya sangat populer pada 1990-an di [[Rusia]], pada saat mereka berubah dari [[Uni Soviet]] – ada kebingungan besar, dan orang-orang dalam kebingungan menyukai buku saya" dan "Di [[Jerman]], ketika [[Tembok Berlin]] runtuh, terjadi kebingungan tak lama orang-orang disana menyukai buku saya.”<ref name=":1" />
== Daftar karya ==
=== Novel ===
{|class="wikitable"
Baris 75 ⟶ 112:
|[[1979]]
|風の歌を聴け<br />''Kaze no uta o kike''
|''[[Dengarlah Nyanyian Angin|Hear the Wind
|-
|[[1980]]
Baris 95 ⟶ 132:
|[[1988]]
|ダンス・ダンス・ダンス<br />''Dansu dansu dansu''
|''[[Dance Dance Dance (novel)|Dance Dance Dance]]''
|-
|[[1992]]
Baris 103 ⟶ 140:
|[[1992]]-[[1995]]
|ねじまき鳥クロニクル<br />''Nejimaki-dori kuronikuru''
|''[[Kronik Burung Pegas|The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle]]''
|-
|[[1999]]
Baris 124 ⟶ 161:
|色彩を持たない多崎つくると、彼の巡礼の年
''Shikisai o motanai Tazaki Tsukuru to, kare no junrei no toshi''
|''[[Tsukuru Tazaki Tanpa Warna dan Tahun Ziarahnya|Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage]]''
|-
|2017
|騎士団長殺し<br />''Kishidanchō-goroshi''
| ''[[Killing Commendatore]]''<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.shinchosha.co.jp/harukimurakami/ |title=村上春樹 Haruki Murakami 新潮社公式サイト |access-date=February 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203091314/http://www.shinchosha.co.jp/harukimurakami/ |archive-date=February 3, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}
Baris 339 ⟶ 378:
|[[2002]]
|バースデイ・ガール<br />''Bāsudei gāru''
|''[[Birthday Girl (cerita pendek)|Birthday Girl]]''
|Blind Willow, Sleeping Woman
|-
Baris 373 ⟶ 412:
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2"|'''Penerbitan dalam
! colspan="2"|'''Penerbitan dalam
|-
! Tahun
Baris 397 ⟶ 436:
|-
|rowspan=2|2000
|rowspan=2|''[[Underground (
|1997
|{{lang|ja|アンダーグラウンド}}<br>''Andāguraundo = Underground''
Baris 443 ⟶ 482:
* [[Geoff Dyer]] – [[But Beautiful (book)|But Beautiful, A Book about Jazz]]
=== Penerjemah
Karya-karya Murakami telah diterjemahkan ke banyak bahasa. Di bawah ini terdapat daftar para penerjemah menurut bahasa (diurut berdasarkan alfabet):
Baris 463 ⟶ 502:
* [[Faroese]] – Pauli Nielsen
* [[Finlandia]] – Leena Tamminen, Ilkka Malinen, Juhani Lindholm
* [[
* [[Galicia]] – Mona Imai, Gabriel Álvarez Martínez
* [[Georgia]] – Irakli Beriashvili; Janri and Luiza Lodeshvili
Baris 496 ⟶ 535:
{{reflist|30em}}
==Daftar
* Pintor, Ivan. "David Lynch y Haruki Murakami, la llama en el umbral", in: VV.AA., Universo Lynch. Internacional Sitges Film Festival-Calamar 2007 ({{ISBN|84-96235-16-5}})
* Rubin, Jay. ''Haruki Murakami and the Music of Words''. Harvill Press, 2002 ({{ISBN|1-86046-952-3}})
* Strecher, Matthew Carl. ''The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle Readers Guide''. Continuum Pubublishing Group, 2002 ({{ISBN|0-8264-5239-6}})
* Strecher, Matthew Carl. ''Dances with Sheep: The Quest for Identity in the Fiction of Murakami Haruki''. University of Michigan/Monographs in Japanese Studies, 2001 ({{ISBN|1-929280-07-6}})
* Suter, Rebecca. ''The Japanization of Modernity: Murakami Haruki Between Japan and the United States''. Harvard University Asian Center, 2008. ({{ISBN|978-0-674-02833-3}})
==Pranala luar==
{{Commons category|Murakami Haruki}}
{{Wikiquote|Haruki Murakami}}
* [https://www.harukimurakami.com/ Haruki Murakami] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230813205539/https://www.harukimurakami.com/ |date=2023-08-13 }} at [[Random House]]
* [https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/haruki-murakami Haruki Murakami] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522135131/https://www.newyorker.com/contributors/haruki-murakami |date=2023-05-22 }} at ''[[The New Yorker]]'' (online essays, stories, excerpts)
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/18/books/author-murakami.html?ex=1115697600&en=d2b36ca6b5056f41&ei=5070&ex=1107752400&en=f88fbb093655b460&ei=5070 Haruki Murakami] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307050428/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/08/18/books/author-murakami.html?ex=1115697600&en=d2b36ca6b5056f41&ei=5070&ex=1107752400&en=f88fbb093655b460&ei=5070 |date=2016-03-07 }} at ''[[The New York Times]]'' (articles about, interviews with)
* [http://www.complete-review.com/authors/murakamh.htm Haruki Murakami] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419182437/https://www.complete-review.com/authors/murakamh.htm |date=2023-04-19 }} at ''[[Complete Review]]'' (international meta-reviews)
* {{IBList |type=author|id=58|name=Haruki Murakami}}
* [http://www.sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/murakami_haruki Haruki Murakami] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124035724/https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/murakami_haruki |date=2023-01-24 }} at ''[[The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]]''
* {{isfdb name|1863}}
;Wawancara
* [http://www.salon.com/1997/12/16/int_2/ "Haruki Murakami: The Outsider"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531161520/https://www.salon.com/1997/12/16/int_2/ |date=2023-05-31 }} (by [[Laura Miller (writer)|Laura Miller]] and Don George), ''[[Salon (website)|Salon]]'', December 1997 (about ''Wind-Up Bird'' and ''Underground'')
* [http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2/the-art-of-fiction-no-182-haruki-murakami "Haruki Murakami, The Art of Fiction No. 182"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531045815/http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/2/the-art-of-fiction-no-182-haruki-murakami |date=2016-05-31 }} (by John Wray), ''[[The Paris Review]]'', Summer 2004
;Artikel
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926054054/http://research.yale.edu/eastasianstudies/taiwan/fujii.pdf "The reception of Murakami Haruki in Taiwan"] (PDF), [[Yale University]]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15316678 "Haruki Murakami: How a Japanese writer conquered the world"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517041549/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15316678 |date=2023-05-17 }} (by Stephanie Hegarty), ''[[BBC News]]'', October 17, 2011
* [http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/tip-sheet/article/63604-the-10-best-haruki-murakami-books.html "The 10 Best Haruki Murakami Books"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230623195523/https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/tip-sheet/article/63604-the-10-best-haruki-murakami-books.html |date=2023-06-23 }} (by Murakami scholar Matthew C. Strecher), ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'', August 8, 2014
;Multimedia
* [http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-literary-mind/201406/psychologically-minded-novelist-haruki-murakami-0 Video about Murakami's life and work] at ''[[Psychology Today]]'''s blog The Literary Mind
{{Haruki Murakami}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Murakami, Haruki}}
[[Kategori:Penulis Jepang]]
[[Kategori:Novelis Jepang]]
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