Pengeboman Paskah Sri Lanka 2019: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Pengeboman Paskah Sri Lanka 2019
| partof = [[Terorisme di Sri Lanka]]
| image = {{multiple image
Baris 72 ⟶ 71:
| map_caption =
| location = '''Gereja''' {{Unbulleted list|[[Gereja Santo Antonius, Kochchikade]]|[[Gereja Santo Sebastianus, Negombo]]|[[Gereja Zion, Batticaloa]]}}'''Hotel''' {{Unbulleted list|[[Shangri-La Hotel, Kolombo]]|[[Cinnamon Grand Hotel]]|[[The Kingsbury Hotel]]|[[The Tropical Inn]]}}'''Kompleks perumahan''' {{Unbulleted list|Satu di Dematagoda}}
| target = umat Kristiani dan turis asing
| coordinates =
| date = {{start date|2019|04|21|df=yes}}
| time = {{unbulleted list|'''08.00—08.45''' Enam ledakan pertama|'''14.10''' Ledakan di ''The Tropical Inn Hotel''|'''14.40 dan 15.20''' Ledakan di Dematagoda<ref name="roar 210419">{{cite web |last1=Thomas |first1=Kris |title=Easter Sunday Explosions In Sri Lanka: An Evolving Timeline Of Events |url=https://roar.media/english/life/in-the-know/easter-sunday-explosions-in-sri-lanka/ |website=Roar Media |accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>}}
| timezone = [[Waktu Standar Sri Lanka|SLST]]; [[UTC+05:30]]
| type = Bom bunuh diri<ref>{{Cite news|website=Ada Derana |url=http://www.adaderana.lk/news/54531/attacks-carried-out-by-suicide-bombers-govt-analyst-confirms |title=Attacks carried out by suicide bombers, Govt. Analyst confirms |date=22 April 2019 |access-date=22 April 2019}}</ref>
| fatalities = 253~<ref name="AP">{{Cite news|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-48059328 |title= Sri Lanka toll revised down by 'about 100' |date= 25 April 2019|work=BBC News|access-date=25 April 2019}}</ref>
| injuries = sekitar 500<ref name="Derana321">{{cite news |title=Death toll from Easter Sunday attacks climbs to 321 |url=http://www.adaderana.lk/news/54578/death-toll-from-easter-sunday-attacks-climbs-to-321 |accessdate=23 April 2019 |agency=AdaDerana |date=23 April 2019}}</ref>
| victims = <!-- or | victim = -->
| perpetrators = 9 pengebom bunuh diri<ref name="The New York Times 240419">{{cite web |title= Sri Lanka Attacks: What We Know and Don’t Know |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/24/world/asia/sri-lanka-attacks-news.html |website=The New York Times |date=24 April 2019}}</ref><br />{{hlist|[[Jemaah Tauhid Nasional]]<ref name="local militants" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailysabah.com/asia/2019/04/23/muslim-leaders-say-they-warned-about-sri-lanka-terrorist-group|title=Daesh says its 'fighters' behind Sri Lanka bombings|website=DailySabah}}</ref><br />{{flag|Negara Islam Irak dan Syam}} (mengaku bertanggung jawab)<ref name="isisindependent"/>}}
| assailants = <!-- or | assailant = -->
| susperps = 58 orang ditangkap dan ditahan menurut [[Undang-Undang Pencegahan Terorisme (Sri Lanka)|Undang-Undang Pencegahan Terorisme]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/death-toll-rises-to-359-in-sri-lanka-bombings-more-arrested/2019/04/23/95c5a33c-6641-11e9-a698-2a8f808c9cfb_story.html?utm_term=.68dade90cb16 |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2019-04-24 |archive-date=2019-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424035258/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/death-toll-rises-to-359-in-sri-lanka-bombings-more-arrested/2019/04/23/95c5a33c-6641-11e9-a698-2a8f808c9cfb_story.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><!-- or | susperp = -->
| weapons = [[RDX]] dan [[Fragmentasi (persenjataan)|pecahan peluru meriam]] [[bahan peledak]] [[aseton peroksida]]
| numparts = <!-- or | numpart = -->
| dfens = <!-- or | dfen = -->
| motive = '''Menteri Negara [[Ruwan Wijewardene]]''': "Pembalasan bagi [[penembakan masjid Christchurch]]"<ref name=AboutMotive>{{cite web |title=Bombings were response to Christchurch shooting – State Minister |url=http://www.adaderana.lk/news/54582/bombings-were-response-to-christchurch-shooting-state-minister |website=Adaderana.lk |publisher=DeranaTV |accessdate=23 April 2019}}</ref><ref name=AboutMotive2>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/asia/live-news/sri-lanka-attacks-churches-hotels-dle-intl/index.html|title=State Defense Minister: Bombings were retaliation for Christchurch killings|work=CNN|date=23 April 2019|accessdate=23 April 2019}}</ref><ref name=AboutMotive3>{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/sri-lankan-attacks-retaliation-for-christchurch-minister-20190423-p51gkp.html|title=Sri Lankan attacks 'retaliation for Christchurch': minister|first=Matt|last=Wade|date=23 April 2019|website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref><ref name=AboutMotive4>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/sri-lanka-bombings-latest-updates/2019/04/22/f2afe32a-6531-11e9-a698-2a8f808c9cfb_story.html?utm_term=.6c5121bef84a|title=Sri Lanka blasts were in retaliation for New Zealand mosque shootings, official says|work=Washington Post|date=23 April 2019|accessdate=23 April 2019}}</ref>
|inquiry = [[Maithripala Sirisena|Presiden Sirisena]] memberlakukan undang-undang darurat, memberikan kewenangan yang lebih luas kepada [[Kepolisian Sri Lanka|Kepolisian]]; Presiden kemudian menyatakan bahwa undang-undang darurat akan dibatasi untuk menangani ancaman terorisme saat ini dan tidak akan digunakan untuk melanggar kebebasan berekspresi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/04/sri-lanka-bombings-latest-updates-190421092621543.html|title=Sri Lanka bombings: All the latest updates|website=www.aljazeera.com|accessdate=23 April 2019}}</ref>
| coroner =
| accused =
Baris 94 ⟶ 93:
| verdict =
| convictions =
| charges =9 orang didakwa memasok perlengkapan yang digunakan sehubungan dengan tindakan terorisme, dijadwalkan hadir dalam [[Pengadilan Magistrat Sri Lanka|Pengadilan Magistrat Kolombo]] pada 6 Mei 2019<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/23/asia/sri-lanka-investigation-ntj-intl/index.html|title=ISIS suspect gave advance warning of Sri Lanka bombings, source says|first=James Griffiths and Swati Gupta|last=CNN|website=CNN}}</ref>
| litigation =
| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| module =
}}
Pengeboman gereja terjadi selama [[misa]] [[Paskah]] di [[Negombo]], [[Batticaloa]], dan Kolombo, sementara hotel yang menjadi target pengeboman adalah [[Shangri-La Hotel, Kolombo|Shangri-La]], [[Cinnamon Grand Hotel|Cinnamon Grand]],
Pada 23 April 2019, [[Amaq News Agency]], saluran propaganda organisasi [[terorisme Islam]] [[militan]], [[Negara Islam Irak dan Syam]] (NIIS) mengaku para pengebom adalah pejuang NIIS yang menjawab seruannya untuk menyerang warga negara [[Intervensi militer internasional terhadap NIIS|koalisi yang telah melakukan intervensi terhadap kelompok itu]].<ref name="isisindependent">{{cite news |title=Sri Lanka bombings: Isis claims responsibility for deadly church and hotel attacks on Easter Sunday |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/sri-lanka-bombings-isis-terror-church-attack-easter-islamic-state-a8882231.html |work=The Independent |date=23 April 2019}}</ref> Namun, sebagian besar korban tewas adalah warga negara Sri Lanka.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news.com.au/world/asia/faces-of-terror-billionaire-loses-three-children-in-sri-lanka-attacks/news-story/e1ffa1d9d94e7e2eca0363471b55d46f|title=Easter bombings victims identified|date=22 April 2019|website=NewsComAu|access-date=24 April 2019}}</ref>
==Latar belakang==▼
Sekitar 7,4% penduduk Sri Lanka adalah penganut Kristiani, 82% di antaranya adalah penganut [[Katolik Roma]] yang mengikuti jejak warisan agama mereka langsung ke zaman [[Ceylon Portugis|Portugis]]. Umat [[Gereja Katolik Roma|Katolik]] [[Suku Tamil|Tamil]] Sri Lanka mengaitkan warisan keagamaan mereka dengan [[Santo Fransiskus Xaverius]] dan juga misionaris Portugis. Umat Kristiani yang tersisa terbagi merata antara [[Gereja Ceylon|Gereja Anglikan Ceylon]] dan [[Protestan|denominasi Protestan]] lainnya.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.mongabay.com/history/sri_lanka/sri_lanka-christianity.html | title = Sri Lanka – Christianity | publisher = [[Mongabay]] }}</ref> Ini merupakan pertama kalinya Sri Lanka mengalami serangan teroris besar sejak berakhirnya [[Perang Saudara Sri Lanka]] tahun 2009.<ref name="SMH 210419">{{cite web|url= https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/scores-hurt-in-sri-lanka-easter-church-bombings-20190421-p51fyn.html |title=Hundreds killed, 450 injured as explosions rock Catholic churches during Easter mass |date= 22 April 2019|website= The Sydney Morning Herald |accessdate= 22 April 2019}}</ref>▼
▲== Latar belakang ==
▲
[[Minggu Paskah]] adalah salah satu hari paling suci dalam Kekristenan; tingkat kehadiran di gereja di Sri Lanka sangat tinggi pada hari ini.<ref>{{cite web |first1=Khushbu|last1=Shah|first2=Sean|last2=Collins |title=Sri Lanka Easter Sunday attacks: what we know |url=https://www.vox.com/2019/4/21/18509739/sri-lanka-easter-sunday-attacks-what-we-know |website=Vox |accessdate=22 April 2019 |language=English |date=21 April 2019}}</ref>
''[[The New York Times]]'' dan [[Agence France-Presse|AFP]] mewartakan seorang kepala polisi yang memperingatkan para pejabat keamanan ancaman terhadap gereja-gereja terkemuka dari sebuah kelompok [[Islamis]] radikal,
== Serangan ==
Baris 120 ⟶ 121:
}}
Umat Kristen di Sri Lanka sedang mengadakan misa [[Paskah]] ketika serangan terjadi. Pelaku serangan menyadar sejumlah gereja dan hotel di berbagai tempat di Sri Lanka. Sedikitnya dua serangan bom diduga dilakukan oleh pengebom bunuh diri.<ref name="multiple blasts" /> 35 warga asing tewas, termasuk warga negara [[Amerika Serikat]], [[Britania Raya]], Tiongkok, Belanda, dan Portugal.<ref name="Telegraph 210419">{{cite web |last1=Staff |first1=Our Foreign |title=Sri Lanka church and hotel explosions: More than 150 dead in Easter Sunday bomb attacks |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/04/21/sri-lanka-explosions-casualties-churches-hotels-targeted-easter/ |website=The Telegraph |accessdate=21 April 2019 |date=21 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=斯里兰卡国家医院:目前已确认有2名中国人遇难|url=https://news.163.com/19/0421/19/EDAG1C9A0001899O.html|website=网易|accessdate=21 April 2019|date=21 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Attacks on Sri Lanka churches and hotels |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-asia-48002165 |website=BBC |publisher=BBC |accessdate=21 April 2019}}</ref>
=== Kolombo ===
Baris 136 ⟶ 137:
Bom bunuh diri terjadi di sebuah kompleks perumahan di Jalan Mahavila Udyana, [[Dematagoda]], dan menewaskan tiga polisi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-asia-48002165|title=Attacks on Sri Lanka churches and hotels|access-date=21 April 2019}}</ref>
=== Negombo ===
[[Gereja Santo Sebastianus, Negombo|Gereja Katolik Santo Sebastianus]] di [[Negombo]], sebelah utara [[Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte|ibu kota provinsi]], adalah salah satu tempat pertama yang dibom.<ref name="telegr" />
Baris 147 ⟶ 148:
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|India}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Sri Lanka blasts: 11 Indians dead, bodies of 7 JDS members to reach Karnataka|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/sri-lanka-blasts-11-indians-dead-bodies-of-7-jds-members-to-reach-karnataka-1508758-2019-04-24#close-overlay|accessdate=23 April 2019}}</ref><ref>[https://www.thenational.ae/uae/dubai-resident-missing-after-sri-lanka-attacks-confirmed-dead-1.853720 Dubai resident missing after Sri Lanka attacks confirmed dead]</ref>
| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Britania Raya}}▼
|12
| 5{{efn|Termasuk 2 kewarganegaraan ganda Britania Raya-Amerika}}▼
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|China}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Missing Chinese national confirmed dead after Colombo bombings: Chinese embassy|url=https://www.shine.cn/news/nation/1904253673/|date=25 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Britania Raya}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Sri Lanka attacks: Eight Britons killed in explosions|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-48004465|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Denmark}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Three children of Danish billionaire killed in Sri Lanka attacks|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sri-lanka-blasts-denmark/three-children-of-danish-billionaire-killed-in-sri-lanka-attacks-idUSKCN1RY0IB|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Belanda}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Nog twee Nederlandse slachtoffers onder doden Sri Lanka |url=https://www.volkskrant.nl/nieuws-achtergrond/nog-twee-nederlandse-slachtoffers-onder-doden-sri-lanka-onderzoek-stadsvijvers-even-schadelijk-voor-klimaat-als-duizenden-auto-s~b5c0c841/ |website=[[Volkskrant]] |publisher=Volkskrant |accessdate=23 April 2019}}</ref>
▲|
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|{{flag|Australia}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Two Australians confirmed dead in Sri Lanka Easter Sunday terror attacks|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/22/two-australians-confirmed-dead-in-sri-lanka-easter-sunday-terror-attacks|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Arab Saudi}}<ref name=aawsat>{{Cite news|url=https://aawsat.com/english/home/article/1691521/2-saudis-among-victims-sri-lanka-bombings|title=2 Saudis among Victims of Sri Lanka Bombings|date=23 April 2019 |work=Asharq Al-Awsat|access-date=23 April 2019}}</ref><ref name=Saudi-Airlines>{{Cite news|url=https://twitter.com/svmedia_center/status/1120621486346207232|title=Saudi Arabian Airlines Statement|date=23 April 2019 |work=Twitter|access-date=23 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Spanyol}}<ref name="auto2">{{cite news|title=Una pareja de españoles, entre las víctimas mortales de los atentados de Sri Lanka|url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/04/22/actualidad/1555949479_395920.html|accessdate=22 April 2019 |work=El País|date=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Turki}}<ref>{{cite news|title=2 Turkish engineers among dead in Sri Lanka bombings|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/2-turkish-engineers-among-dead-in-sri-lanka-bombings/1458989|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" |{{flag|Britania Raya}}/{{flag|AS}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gardner |first1=Bill |last2=Johnson |first2=Jamie |title=Grieving father tells how he lost two teenage children in Sri Lanka bombings |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/04/23/perhaps-could-have-saved-says-father-two-british-teenagers-killed/ |accessdate=25 April 2019 |work=The Telegraph |date=23 April 2019|url-access=limited}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Amerika Serikat}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/04/22/celebrity-chef-children-denmark-billionaire-among-dead-sri-lanka-bomb-attacks/|title=A billionaire’s children, a D.C. fifth-grader, a celebrity chef: the victims in Sri Lanka|access-date=24 April 2019}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Bangladesh}}<ref name="Bangladeshi_victim-1">{{cite news|title=Sheikh Selim’s minor grandson dies in Sri Lanka bombings |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/04/21/sheikh-selims-minor-grandson-dies-in-sri-lanka-bombings |accessdate=22 April 2019 |work=bdnews24.com|date=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Jepang}}<ref>{{cite news|title=One Japanese national killed, four others injured as Sri Lanka attacks rock expat community|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/04/22/national/taro-kono-sends-sympathy-sri-lanka-terror-attacks-amid-report-japanese-among-fatalities/|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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| style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Portugal}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Rui Lucas morreu às mãos dos terroristas no Sri Lanka. Português de 31 anos estava em lua de mel|url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/portugal/detalhe/rui-lucas-morreu-as-maos-dos-terroristas-no-sri-lanka-portugues-de-31-anos-estava-em-lua-de-mel|accessdate=22 April 2019}}</ref>
|1
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|1
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|-class="sortbottom"
! style="text-align:left;" | Total
| 253{{efn|Kewarganegaraan ganda diatas dihitung satu}}
|}
207 orang tewas dan lebih dari 460 orang luka-luka, beberapa di antaranya kritis. Korban tewas meliputi dua teknisi [[Turki]] yang sedang mengerjakan proyek di Sri Lanka, satu wisatawan [[Tiongkok]], satu warga negara [[Portugal]] dan [[Belanda]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/six-explosions-hit-sri-lanka-on-easter-sunday-11699701|title=Brits 'caught up' in Sri Lanka attacks as 207 reported dead|website=Sky News}}</ref>
Baris 198 ⟶ 203:
Direktur [[Rumah Sakit Nasional Sri Lanka]] Dr. Anil Jasinghe mengatakan bahwa sebelas warga negara dari [[Polandia]], [[Denmark]], [[Tiongkok]], [[Jepang]], [[Pakistan]], [[AS]], [[India]], [[Maroko]] dan [[Bangladesh]] meninggal dunia di rumah sakit ini.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailymirror.lk/top_story/Death-toll-rises-to-207--450-injured/155-165668|title=Death toll rises to 207, 450 injured|website=www.dailymirror.lk}}</ref>
==
Dilaporkan bahwa salah satu pelaku, Abdul Latheef menjadi salah satu subjek penyelidikan terorisme oleh Australia pada 2014 setelah muncul laporan yang menghubungkannya dengan pelaku operasi IS [[Neil Prakash]].<ref>{{cite news |title=One suicide bomber probed by Australia in 2014 |url=http://www.dailymirror.lk/breaking_news/One-suicide-bomber-probed-by-Australia-in-2014/108-165951 |accessdate=26 April 2019 |work=Daily Mirror |date=26 April 2019 |language=Inggris}}</ref>
== Catatan ==
{{notelist}}
== Lihat pula ==
*[[Daftar insiden teroris non-pemerintah di Sri Lanka]]
*[[Daftar insiden teroris bulan April 2019]]
Baris 208 ⟶ 216:
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