Valsartan: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Wulan cnms (bicara | kontrib) efek samping, kategori FDA |
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(16 revisi perantara oleh 10 pengguna tidak ditampilkan) | |||
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{{Infobox drug
| verifiedrevid = 470628341
| image = Valsartan skeletal.svg
| width =
| alt =
| image2 = Valsartan-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png
| width2 =
| alt2 =
| caption =
<!-- Clinical data -->
| pronounce =
| tradename = Diovan, dll
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|valsartan}}
| MedlinePlus = a697015
| DailyMedID = Valsartan
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_AU_comment = <ref name="Drugs.com pregnancy">{{cite web | title=Valsartan Use During Pregnancy | website=Drugs.com | date=28 March 2019 | url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/valsartan.html | access-date=12 February 2020}}</ref>
| pregnancy_category =
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral (rute pemberian obat)|Oral]]
| class = [[Angiotensin II receptor antagonist]]
| ATCvet =
| ATC_prefix = C09
| ATC_suffix = CA03
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|C09|DX05}}, {{ATC|C09|DA03}}, {{ATC|C09|DX02}}, {{ATC|C09|DX01}}, {{ATC|C09|DB08}}, {{ATC|C09|DB01}}, {{ATC|C09|DX04}}, {{ATC|C10|BX10}}
<!-- Legal status -->
| legal_AU = S4
| legal_AU_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Diovan valsartan 40mg film-coated tablet blister pack | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | url=https://tga-search.clients.funnelback.com/s/search.html?collection=tga-artg&profile=record&meta_i=93165 | access-date=24 October 2021 | archive-date=25 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160457/https://tga-search.clients.funnelback.com/s/search.html?collection=tga-artg&profile=record&meta_i=93165 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Diovan valsartan 80mg film-coated tablet blister pack | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | url=https://tga-search.clients.funnelback.com/s/search.html?collection=tga-artg&profile=record&meta_i=80868 | access-date=24 October 2021 | archive-date=25 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160419/https://tga-search.clients.funnelback.com/s/search.html?collection=tga-artg&profile=record&meta_i=80868 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Diovan valsartan 160mg film-coated tablet blister pack | website=Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) | url=https://tga-search.clients.funnelback.com/s/search.html?collection=tga-artg&profile=record&meta_i=80871 | access-date=24 October 2021 | archive-date=25 October 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160608/https://tga-search.clients.funnelback.com/s/search.html?collection=tga-artg&profile=record&meta_i=80871 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
| legal_BR = <!-- OTC, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D1, D2, E, F-->
| legal_BR_comment =
| legal_CA = <!-- OTC, Rx-only, Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII -->
| legal_CA_comment =
| legal_DE = <!-- Anlage I, II, III or Unscheduled-->
| legal_DE_comment =
| legal_NZ = <!-- Class A, B, C -->
| legal_NZ_comment =
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_UK_comment = <ref>{{cite web | title=Valsartan 160 mg capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) | website=(emc) | date=19 February 2019 | url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/30901 | access-date=12 February 2020 | archive-date=13 February 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213034657/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/30901 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
| legal_US = Rx-only
| legal_US_comment = <ref name="Diovan FDA label" />
| legal_UN = <!-- N I, II, III, IV / P I, II, III, IV-->
| legal_UN_comment =
| legal_status = <!--For countries not listed above-->
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = 25%
| protein_bound = 95%
| metabolism =
| metabolites =
| onset =
| elimination_half-life = 6 jam
| duration_of_action =
| excretion = [[Ginjal]] 30%, [[saluran empedu]] 70%
<!-- Identifiers -->
| index_label = <!-- parent -->
| index2_label = tritiated
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 137862-53-4
| CAS_supplemental =
| PubChem = 60846
| IUPHAR_ligand = 3937
| IUPHAR_ligand2 = 593
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00177
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 54833
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 80M03YXJ7I
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00400
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 9927
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1069
| NIAID_ChemDB =
| PDB_ligand =
| synonyms =
<!-- Chemical and physical data -->
| IUPAC_name = (''S'')-3-metil-2-(''N''-<nowiki/>{[2'-(2''H''-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-il)bifenil-4-il]metil}pentanamido)asam butanoat
| C=24 | H=29 | N=5 | O=3
| SMILES = CCCCC(=O)N(Cc1ccc(-c2ccccc2-c2nn[nH]n2)cc1)C(C(=O)O)C(C)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C24H29N5O3/c1-4-5-10-21(30)29(22(16(2)3)24(31)32)15-17-11-13-18(14-12-17)19-8-6-7-9-20(19)23-25-27-28-26-23/h6-9,11-14,16,22H,4-5,10,15H2,1-3H3,(H,31,32)(H,25,26,27,28)/t22-/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI_comment =
| StdInChIKey = ACWBQPMHZXGDFX-QFIPXVFZSA-N
| density =
| density_notes =
| melting_point =
| melting_high =
| melting_notes =
| boiling_point =
| boiling_notes =
| solubility =
| sol_units =
| specific_rotation =
}}
'''Valsartan''' merupakan obat golongan [[Antagonis reseptor angiotensin II|ARB]] yang bekerja dengan menghambat reseptor angiotensin II yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan tekanan darah pada pasien dengan [[hipertensi]]. Valsartan termasuk obat keras sehingga harus dikonsumsi dengan resep dokter. Valsartan dapat dikonsumsi tunggal maupun kombinasi dengan obat-obatan antihipertensi lain. Namun, penggunaan bersama [[Inhibitor ACE|ACE inhibitor]] dan golongan [[Beta blocker|Beta Blocker]] tidak dianjurkan.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Huang|first=Qi-Fang|last2=Li|first2=Yan|last3=Wang|first3=Ji-Guang|date=2013-12-30|title=Overview of clinical use and side effect profile of valsartan in Chinese hypertensive patients|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883632/|journal=Drug Design, Development and Therapy|volume=8|pages=79–86|doi=10.2147/DDDT.S38617|issn=1177-8881|pmc=3883632|pmid=24403822}}</ref>
Valsartan dengan rumus kimia <chem>C24H29N5O3</chem> dikembangkan oleh [[Novartis]] dan dipasarkan di beberapa negara berkembang dengan merek dagang Diovan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/54_pdf.pdf|title=|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=}}</ref> Nama dagang Valsartan di Indonesia antara lain Co Diovan, Diovan, Exforge, Valesco, dan Valsartan Ni.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/valsartan|title=VALSARTAN {{!}} PIO Nas|website=pionas.pom.go.id|access-date=2019-11-14|archive-date=2020-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200107055044/http://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/valsartan|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Valsartan diserap dengan baik pada pemberian secara oral dan diekskresikan melalui urin dan feses masing-masing sekitar 13% dan 86%.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reference.medscape.com/drug/entresto-sacubitril-valsartan-1000010#91|title=Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more|website=reference.medscape.com|access-date=2019-11-14}}</ref>
Menurut Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan Amerika ([[Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Amerika Serikat|FDA]]), Valsartan termasuk obat-obatan kategori D artinya terbukti berisiko terhadap janin. Namun dapat diberikan jika manfaat yang diperoleh lebih besar daripada risiko. Penggunaan pada ibu hamil tidak direkomendasikan karena dapat menyebabkan [[oligohidramnion]] yang dapat mengakibatkan kematian janin.
Efek samping
Pada tahun 2018, telah dilakukan penarikan obat antihipertensi berbahan aktif Valsartan karena ditemukan adanya cemaran ''[[Nitrosodimethylamine]]'' (NDMA) yang bersifat karsinogenik pada penggunaan jangka panjang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pom.go.id/new/view/more/klarifikasi/88/PENJELASAN-BPOM-RI--TENTANG--PENARIKAN-OBAT-ANTIHIPERTENSI-YANG-MENGANDUNG-ZAT-AKTIF-VALSARTAN.html|title=PENJELASAN BPOM RI TENTANG PENARIKAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI YANG MENGANDUNG ZAT AKTIF VALSARTAN|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
[[Kategori:Bifenil]]
[[Kategori:Antihipertensi]]
[[Kategori:Obat Esensial Nasional Indonesia]]
[[Kategori:Antagonis reseptor angiotensin II]]
[[Kategori:Karboksamida]]
[[Kategori:Asam karboksilat]]
[[Kategori:Tetrazola]]
[[Kategori:Obat yang dikembangkan oleh Novartis]]
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