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'''Laghman''' ([[bahasa Pashto|Pashto]]/[[bahasa Persia|Persia]]: لغمان) adalah sebuah [[provinsi di Afganistan|provinsi]] dari negara [[Afganistan]] yang berada di sisi timur negara tersebut. Jumlah penduduk yang tinggal di provinsi ini sejumlah 445.600,<ref name=cso/> yang merupakan multi-etnis dan mayoritas merupakan wilayah perdesaan. Kota [[Mihtarlam]] merupakan ibu kota dari provinsi ini. Sejumlah dokumen sejarah menuliskan provinsi ini sebagai "Lamghan" atau sebagai "Lamghanat".
==History Sejarah ==
[[ FileBerkas:A village sits in Laghman Province, Afghanistan.jpg| thumbjmpl| leftkiri| ASebuah villagedesa sitsduduk indi alembah valleydi in thePegunungan [[Hindu Kush |Hindu Kush Mountain Range]] indi Provinsi Laghman Province.]] ▼{{Further|History of Afghanistan}}
Located currently at theDi [[ Museum Kabul Museum]] aresaat ini terdapat sebuah prasasti [[ AramaicAram]] inscriptionsyang thatditemukan were found indi Laghman whichyang indicatedmenunjukkan anrute ancientperdagangan tradekuno route fromdari [[India ]] toke [[Palmyra ]].<ref> [{{Cite web|url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0001/000155/015575eo.pdf |title=Cultural policy in Afghanistan; Studies and documents on cultural policies; 1975 <!-- Bot generated title -->]|publisher=UNESCO|first=Shafie|last=Rahel}}</ref> [[ AramaicBahasa Aram]] wasadalah thebahasa bureaucratictertulis scriptterkait language ofpemerintahan thedi [[ AchaemenidsAchaemenid]] whoseyang influencepengaruhnya hadmeluas extended towardke Laghman.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/asoka-mauryan-emperor|title=AŚOKA , Mauryan emperor of India|work=iranicaonline.org}}</ref> DuringSelama theinvasi invasionsyang ofdilancarkan oleh [[ AlexanderAleksander the GreatAgung]], the areadaerah wasitu knowndikenal assebagai Lampaka.<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=609063|title=The Aramaic Inscription of Asoka Found in Lampāka|first=W. B.|last=Henning|date=2 April 2018|publisher=|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London|volume=13|issue=1|pages=80–88|accessdate=}}</ref> ▼▲[[File:A village sits in Laghman Province, Afghanistan.jpg|thumb|left|A village sits in a valley in the [[Hindu Kush|Hindu Kush Mountain Range]] in Laghman Province]]
▲Located currently at the [[Kabul Museum]] are [[Aramaic]] inscriptions that were found in Laghman which indicated an ancient trade route from India to Palmyra.<ref>[http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0001/000155/015575eo.pdf Cultural policy in Afghanistan; Studies and documents on cultural policies; 1975<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> [[Aramaic]] was the bureaucratic script language of the [[Achaemenids]] whose influence had extended toward Laghman.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/asoka-mauryan-emperor|title=AŚOKA|work=iranicaonline.org}}</ref> During the invasions of [[Alexander the Great]], the area was known as Lampaka.<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=609063|title=The Aramaic Inscription of Asoka Found in Lampāka|first=W. B.|last=Henning|date=2 April 2018|publisher=|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London|volume=13|issue=1|pages=80–88|accessdate=}}</ref>
[[AramaicPrasasti Inscriptionberbahasa ofAram tentang Laghman|InscriptionsPrasasti dalam inbahasa AramaicAram]] datingyang fromberasal thedari [[MauryanDinasti DynastyMaurya]] wereditemukan found indi Laghman whichyang discussedmembahas themengenai conversionperpindahan ofdari [[Ashoka]] toke Buddhismagama [[Buddha]].<ref>{{cite book|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=C9_vbgkzUSkC&pg=PA39&&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Handbuch Der Orientalistik: India. The Buddhist Architecture of Gandhara, Part 2, Volume 1|author=Kurt A. Behrend|page=39|publisher=|year=|isbn= }}</ref> The inscriptionPrasasti mentionstersebut thatmenyebutkan thebahwa distancejarak toke [[Palmyra]] isadalah 300 dhanusha oratau [[yojana]].
TheTantra [[Mahamayuri|Mahamayuri Tantra]] datedyang toberasal betweendari 1abad ke-3rd1 centuryhingga mentionsabad ake-3 numbermenyebutkan ofsejumlah populartempat suci Yaksha shrinesyang populer. ItTantra mentionstersebut menuliskan Yaksh Kalahapriya beingyang worshippeddisembah indi Lampaka.<ref>[https://mahamayurividyarajni.wordpress.com/2012/06/10/mahamayuri/ THE MAHAMAYURI VIDYARAJNI SUTRA 佛母大孔雀明王經, Translated into English by Cheng Yew Chung based on Amoghavajra’s Chinese Translation (Taisho Volume 19, Number 982)]</ref> Sementara itu, [[Hudud al-'alam]] yang selesai pada tahun 982 AD menyebutkan keberadaan beberapa kuil pemujaan berhala di daerah tersebut.<ref name="encyclopedia">{{cite book |contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TpY3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA649&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=[[The Encyclopaedia of Islam]], Volume V |contribution=Islam in India and Pakistan |first1=Annemarie |last1=Schimmel |editor-first1=CE |editor-last1=Bosworth |editor-first2=E |editor-last2=van Donzel |editor-first3=B |editor-last3=Lewis |editor-first4=Ch. |editor-last4=Pellet |page=649 |publisher= |isbn= 90-04-07819-3 }}</ref>
==Healthcare Kesehatan ==
ThePersentase percentagerumah oftangga householdsyang withmemiliki cleanakses drinkingair waterminum fellbersih fromturun dari 39% inpada 2005 tomenjadi 34% inpada 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org">[https://www.cimicweb.org/AfghanistanProvincialMap/Pages/Laghman.aspx Archive, Civil Military Fusion Centre] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531104901/https://www.cimicweb.org/AfghanistanProvincialMap/Pages/Laghman.aspx|date=2014-05-31 }}</ref> Persentase kelahiran yang dibantu oleh tenaga medis terlatih meningkat dari 3% pada 2005 menjadi 36% pada 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>▼{{Further|Health in Afghanistan}}
▲The percentage of households with clean drinking water fell from 39% in 2005 to 34% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org">[https://www.cimicweb.org/AfghanistanProvincialMap/Pages/Laghman.aspx Archive, Civil Military Fusion Centre] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531104901/https://www.cimicweb.org/AfghanistanProvincialMap/Pages/Laghman.aspx|date=2014-05-31 }}</ref>
The percentage of births attended to by a skilled birth attendant increased from 3% in 2005 to 36% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>
==Education Pendidikan ==
Tingkat melek huruf secara keseluruhan (usia 6 tahun ke atas) meningkat dari 14% pada 2005 menjadi 26% pada 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/> Kenaikan juga tampak pada tingkat partisipasi bersih keseluruhan (usia 6–13 tahun) yang meningkat dari 48% pada 2005 menjadi 52% pada 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>
{{Further|Education in Afghanistan}}
The overall literacy rate (6+ years of age) increased from 14% in 2005 to 26% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>
The overall net enrolment rate (6–13 years of age) increased from 48% in 2005 to 52% in 2011.<ref name="cimicweb.org"/>
==Demography Demografi ==
[[ FileBerkas:US Army ethnolinguistic map of Afghanistan -- circa 2001-09.jpg| thumbjmpl| kiri|Kelompok [[ Ethnolinguistics|Ethnolinguisticetnolinguistik]] groupsdi of [[Afghanistan ]].]] ▼{{Further|Demographics of Afghanistan}}
[[ FileBerkas:Laghman districts.png| thumbjmpl| DistrictsDistrik ofdi LaghmanPronvinsi ProvinceLaghman.]] ▼▲[[File:US Army ethnolinguistic map of Afghanistan -- circa 2001-09.jpg|thumb|[[Ethnolinguistics|Ethnolinguistic]] groups of [[Afghanistan]]]]
TheTotal totalpopulasi populationprovinsi ofini theadalah province is aboutsekitar 424 ,.100, whichyang ismerupakan multi-ethnicmasyarakat multietnis anddan sebagian mostlybesar amerupakan ruralmasyarakat societypedesaan.<ref name=cso>{{cite web|url=http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Laghman(1).pdf|title=Settled Population of Laghman province by Civil Division, Urban, Rural and Sex-2012-13|publisher=Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Central Statistics Organization|accessdate=2013-06-17 |archive-date=2014-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226162207/http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Laghman(1).pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref> AccordingMenurut toSekolah thePascasarjana [[NavalAngkatan Postgraduate School]]Laut, as ofpada 2010 thekelompok ethnicetnis groupsdi ofprovinsi theini provinceadalah aresebagai as followsberikut: 51 .,3% [[ Pashtun people|Pashtun]], 21 .,7% [[ TajikBangsa peopleTajik|Tajik]], 27% [[ Pashai people|Pashai]] anddan [[ NuristaniSuku people|NuristaniNuristan]] (Kata).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Docs/Executive+Summaries/Laghman_Exec_Summary1.pdf|title=Welcome - Naval Postgraduate School|author=|date=|website=www.nps.edu|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref name="nps">{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Laghman.html|title=Laghman Province|work=Program for Culture & Conflict Studies|publisher=[[Naval Postgraduate School]]|accessdate=2013-06-16}}</ref> The people ofOrang-orang Laghman areadalah overwhelminglypemeluk [[ Muslim Sunni Muslim]]. ▼▲[[File:Laghman districts.png|thumb|Districts of Laghman Province]]
▲The total population of the province is about 424,100, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society.<ref name=cso>{{cite web|url=http://cso.gov.af/Content/files/Laghman(1).pdf|title=Settled Population of Laghman province by Civil Division, Urban, Rural and Sex-2012-13|publisher=Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Central Statistics Organization|accessdate=2013-06-17}}</ref> According to the [[Naval Postgraduate School]], as of 2010 the ethnic groups of the province are as follows: 51.3% [[Pashtun people|Pashtun]], 21.7% [[Tajik people|Tajik]], 27% [[Pashai people|Pashai]] and [[Nuristani people|Nuristani]] (Kata).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Docs/Executive+Summaries/Laghman_Exec_Summary1.pdf|title=Welcome - Naval Postgraduate School|author=|date=|website=www.nps.edu|accessdate=2 April 2018}}</ref><ref name="nps">{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Laghman.html|title=Laghman Province|work=Program for Culture & Conflict Studies|publisher=[[Naval Postgraduate School]]|accessdate=2013-06-16}}</ref> The people of Laghman are overwhelmingly [[Sunni Muslim]].
{{Reflist}}
{{ProvincesDistrik ofdi AfghanistanLaghman}}
{{DistrictsProvinsi ofdi LaghmanAfganistan}}
{{authority control}}
[[Kategori:Provinsi Laghman| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Afghanistan]]
[[CategoryKategori:LaghmanProvinsi Provincedi Afganistan|Laghman Province]]
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