Wikipedia

Falcon 9 Full Thrust: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnya
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
InternetArchiveBot (bicara | kontrib)
Bot
663.561 suntingan
Rescuing 8 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
 
(32 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1:
{{Sedang ditulis}}
{{Infobox rocket
|name = Falcon 9 Full Thrust
|image = File:ORBCOMM-2 (23802549782).jpg|280px
|caption = Launch ofPeluncuran the firstpertama Falcon 9 v1.2 (Full Thrust) flight,yang [[Falconmembawa 9muatan Flightsatelit 20]], carrying 11 [[Orbcomm (satellite)|Orbcomm]] satellites to orbit. [[Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests|The first stage was recovered]] atdari [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station]]|Stasiun [[LandingAngkatan ZonesUdara 1Cape and 2|LZ-1Canaveral]] following the first successful Falcon 9 landing.
|function = [[OrbitalWahana spaceflight|Orbitalluncur daya angkat sedang]] ke [[medium-liftPenerbangan launchruang vehicleangkasa orbital|orbital]]
|manufacturer = [[SpaceX]]
|country-origin = United[[Amerika StatesSerikat]]
|cpl = $62M (2016),<ref name=spacex-capabilities>{{cite web|title=Capabilities & Services (2016)|url=http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities|publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=3 May 2016|date=2012-11-28|archive-date=2013-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007205105/http://www.spacex.com/about/capabilities|dead-url=yes}}</ref> $50M (2018)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/05/block-5-spacex-increase-launch-cadence-lower-prices/ |title=With Block 5, SpaceX to increase launch cadence and lower prices |first=Michael |last=Baylor |work=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]] |date=17 May 2018 |access-date=24 May 2018 |archive-date=2020-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420062922/https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/05/block-5-spacex-increase-launch-cadence-lower-prices/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|height = {{cvt|71|m|ft}} withdengan payloadmuatan fairingterpasang<ref name="spx-user-guide">{{cite web|title=Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide|url=http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/falcon_9_users_guide_rev_2.0.pdf|access-date=29 November 2015|date=21 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314002928/http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/falcon_9_users_guide_rev_2.0.pdf|archive-date=14 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|diameter = {{cvt|3.66|m|ft}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9>{{cite web|title=Falcon 9|url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9|publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=30 April 2016|date=2012-11-16|archive-date=2013-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715094112/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
|mass = {{cvt|549,000|kg}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9/>
|stages = 2
Baris 15 ⟶ 14:
|capacities = <!--insert one of the following templates for each payload:-->
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[LowOrbit Earthbumi orbitrendah|LEO]] (28.5°)
|kilos = {{plainlist|
* ExpendableTerjangkau: {{cvt|22,800|kg}},<ref name=spacex-capabilities /> {{cvt|15600|kg}} whenketika landingdilakukan pendaratan
* PAFBatas structuralkekuatan limitstruktur adaptor muatan: {{cvt|10,886|kg}}<ref name="spx-user-guide"/>
}}
}}
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[GeosynchronousOrbit transfer orbitgeostasioner|GTOGEO]] (27°)
|kilos = {{plainlist|
* ExpendableTerjangkau: {{cvt|8,300|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
* ReusablePenggunaan berulang: {{cvt|5500|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
}}
}}
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = [[MarsOrbit transfer orbitMars|Mars]] <!--Target orbit/trajectory, required. Please use [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] or [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] instead of just [[GTO]] or [[LEO]].-->
|kilos = {{cvt|4,020|kg}}<ref name=spacex-capabilities/>
}}
Baris 43 ⟶ 42:
}}
<!----Launch history (required)---->
|status = ActiveAktif
|sites = {{plainlist|
* [[CCAFS|Cape Canaveral]] [[SLC-40]]
* [[VAFB|Vandenberg]] [[SLC-4E]]
* [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[LC-39A]]
}} <!--SILAKAN PERBARUI DATA DI Templat:Statistik roket Falcon-->
}}
|launches = {{FalconStatistik rocketroket statisticsFalcon|F9FTlaunch}}<ref name=gunter-falcon9>{{cite web |title=Falcon-9 |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/falcon-9.htm |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=7 November 2018 |archive-date=2015-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150503203159/http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/falcon-9.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|success = {{FalconStatistik rocketroket statisticsFalcon|F9FTsuccess}}
|fail =
|partial =
|other_outcome = 1 ([[Amos- 6|destroyedhancur beforesebelum launchpeluncuran]])
|landings = {{FalconStatistik rocketroket statisticsFalcon|F9Landingsuccess}} / {{#expr:{{FalconStatistik rocketroket statisticsFalcon|F9Landingattempt}}-3}} attemptspercobaan
|first = [[Falcon 9 Flight 20|22 DecemberDesember 2015]]
|last = {{Statistik roket Falcon|F9B5LastLaunch}}
|last = 4 June 2020 ([[Starlink]]-7)<!-- UPDATE after each flight -->
|payloads = {{flatlist|
* Kapsul [[SpaceX Dragon|Dragon]] capsule
* Armada [[Iridium NEXT]] fleet
* [[Zuma (satellitesatelit)|Zuma]]
* [[Boeing X-37|Boeing X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle]]
* [[Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite|TESS]]
* [[Beresheet|BeresheetPendarat landerBeresheet]]
* [[Starlink (satellitekonstelasi constellationsatelit)|Starlink]]
}}
<!--Stages/boosters-->
Baris 71 ⟶ 70:
|type = stage <!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
|diff = <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
|stageno = FirstPertama <!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (eg. First, Second, etc), required-->
|name = <!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
|number = <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
Baris 82 ⟶ 81:
|engines = 9 [[Merlin 1D]] <!--number and type of engines used on each individual booster/stage, required-->
|solid = <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
|thrust = '''SeaKetinggian levellaut:''' {{cvt|7,607|kN|}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9/> <br />'''VacuumRuang vakum:''' {{cvt|8,227|kN|}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9 />
|SI = '''SeaKetinggian levellaut:''' 282 secondsdetik<ref name=falcon9-2013>{{cite web|title=Falcon 9 |url=http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php |publisher=SpaceX |accessdate=29 September 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501002858/http://www.spacex.com/falcon9.php |archivedate=1 May 2013|date=2012-11-16 }}</ref>{{Update after|2013|9|reason=ISP for first-stage Merlin 1D is taken from v1.1 specs, new source required}} <br/> '''VacuumRuang Vakum''': 311 secondsdetik<ref name=falcon9-2013/>{{Update after|2013|9|reason= ISP for first-stage Merlin 1D is taken from v1.1 specs, new source required}} <!--specific impulse of an individual booster/stage, in secs, optional-->
|burntime = 162 secondsdetik<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--burn time, required-->
|fuel = [[Subcooling|Subcooled]] [[LOX]] / Chilled [[RP-1]]<ref name=musk-tweet-20151217>{{cite tweet |user=elonmusk |number=677666779494248449 |author-link=Elon Musk |date=2015-12-17 |title= -340 F in this case. Deep cryo increases density and amplifies rocket performance. First time anyone has gone this low for O2. [RP-1 chilled] from 70F to 20 F |accessdate = 19 December 2015}}</ref> <!--fuel used in stage/boosters, required-->
}}
Baris 90 ⟶ 89:
|type = stage <!--booster or stage (must be in lower case)-->
|diff = <!--variant of rocket this is used on, optional-->
|stageno = Second Kedua<!--position of stage in rocket, spelled out (eg. First, Second, etc), required-->
|name = <!--name of the stage/booster, optional-->
|number = <!--number of boosters, required if type = booster-->
Baris 102 ⟶ 101:
|solid = <!--set to "yes" (lowercase) to change Engines to Motor for solid motors-->
|thrust = {{cvt|934|kN}}<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--thrust provided by a single booster/stage in kN, use {{cvt|THRUST|kN}}, required-->
|SI = 348 secondsdetik<ref name=spacex-falcon9 />
|burntime = 397 secondsdetik<ref name=spacex-falcon9 /> <!--burn time, required-->
|fuel = LOX / RP-1 <!--fuel used in stage/boosters, required-->
}}
}}
'''Falcon 9 Full Thrust''' (atau dikenal juga sebagai '''Falcon 9 v1.2''',) merupakan salah satu jenis [[Kendaraan peluncur luar angkasa|wahana luncur antariksa]] yang didesain dan diproduksi oleh [[SpaceX]]. Wahana ini memiliki daya angkat sedang (''medium-lift'') dan melibatkan roket yang dapat digunakan kembali secara parsial. Hingga saat ini, Falcon 9 Full Thrust merupakan versi dari [[Falcon 9]] yang paling banyak diluncurkan (67/87) dan memiliki tingkat kesuksesan peluncuran 100%. Roket ini dapat mendorong muatan hingga ke orbit geostasioner dan digunakan kembali setelah mendarat.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.spacelaunchreport.com/falcon9ft.html|title=SpaceX Falcon 9 v1.2 Data Sheet|website=www.spacelaunchreport.com|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2022-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531185009/http://www.spacelaunchreport.com/falcon9ft.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-certifies-falcon-9-for-science-missions/|title=NASA certifies Falcon 9 for science missions|date=2018-02-16|website=SpaceNews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2023-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717182526/https://spacenews.com/nasa-certifies-falcon-9-for-science-missions/|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
== Desain dan pengembangan ==
Falcon 9 Full Thrust merupakan pengembangan yang relatif signifikan dari Falcon 9 v1.1, pengembangan ini dimaksudkan untuk memperbaiki efisiensi, daya angkut, daya jelajah, serta penggunaan ulang dari roket sebelumnya. Beberapa di antaranya yang diubah dari versi sebelumnya adalah suhu bahan bakar, ukuran tangki bahan bakar, ukuran dan desain pendorong dan sistem pembuangan, dan kaki pendaratan roket.<ref name=":0" />
 
=== Blok 4 & 5 ===
Pengembangan lebih lanjut yang signifikan dari Falcon 9 Full Thrust adalah Falcon 9 Full Thrust Block 4 dan [[Falcon 9 Block 5|Block 5]]. Pada 2017, pengembangan bertahap dari Falcon 9 Full Thrust diperuntukan dalam beberapa peluncuran satelit. Pengembangan ini dinamakan pengembangan Blok 4 yang berisi peningkatan [[gaya dorong]] [[Mesin roket|mesin]]. Sementara pengembangan berikutnya yaitu pengembangan Blok 5 berisi perbaikan terhadap penggunaan ulang roket, effisiensi mesin, bentuk roket, serta daya dorong.<ref name=":0" />
 
=== Percobaan ===
Percobaan pertama terhadap Falcon 9 Full Thrust dilakukan di fasilitas SpaceX McGregor pada September 2015. Pada percobaan ini dilakukan pengamatan statis terhadap kinerja roket saat dioperasikan dengan bahan bakar dan mesin yang telah dikembangkan dari versi sebelumnya.<ref name=":0" />
 
=== Peluncuran perdana ===
Sebuah operator satelit yaitu SES S.A mengumumkan bahwa mereka akan meluncurkan satelit SES-9 mereka melalui peluncuran perdana Falcon 9 Full Thrust pada Februari 2015. Pada 22 Desember 2015 SpaceX melakukan peluncuran perdana Falcon 9 Full Thrust tetapi tidak dengan mengangkut SES-9, melainkan muatan dari Orbcomm OG2. Pada 4 Maret 2016 Falcon 9 Full Thrust kemudian digunakan untuk meluncurkan satelit SES-9.<ref name=":0" />
 
== Sejarah ==
Tercatat setidaknya 67 peluncuran Falcon 9 Full Thrust hingga 13 Juni 2020. Seluruh peluncuran tercatat sukses dengan pada satu peluncuran percoban terdapat roket yang meledak. Pada 3 September 2016 saat direncanakan peluncuran ke-29, wahana ini mengalami masalah sebelum diluncurkan dan memusnahkan satelit [[Amos 6|AMOS-6]] milik operator Israel, Spacecom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rt.com/viral/357920-spacex-amos-satellite-explosion/|title=Inside the $200mn AMOS-6 satellite destroyed during SpaceX rocket explosion (VIDEO, PHOTOS)|website=RT International|language=en|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2017-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808235251/https://www.rt.com/viral/357920-spacex-amos-satellite-explosion/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-spacecom-to-claim-compensation-for-amos-6-from-iai-1001149933|title=Spacecom to claim Amos 6 compensation from IAI|date=2016-09-04|website=en.globes.co.il|language=he|access-date=2020-06-30|archive-date=2023-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523135815/https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-spacecom-to-claim-compensation-for-amos-6-from-iai-1001149933|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}{{navbox
| name = SpaceX
| title = [[SpaceX]]
| image = [[Berkas:SpaceX-Logo-Xonly.svg|100px|link=SpaceX]]
| listclass = hlist
| state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}}
 
| group1 = [[Falcon (keluarga roket)|Roket peluncur]]
| list1 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Beroperasi
| list1 =
* [[Falcon 9]]
** [[Falcon 9 Block 5|"Full Thrust" Block 5]]
* [[Falcon Heavy]]
 
| group2 = Dalam pengembangan
| list2 =
* [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]*
| group3 = Pensiun
| list3 =
* [[Falcon 1]]
* Falcon 9
** [[Falcon 9 v1.0|v1.0]]
** [[Falcon 9 v1.1|v1.1]]
** [[Falcon 9 Full Thrust|"Full Thrust" v1.2]]
** Block 4
| group4 = Dibatalkan
| list4 =
* [[Falcon 1e]]*
* [[Falcon 5]]*
* [[Falcon 9 Air]]*
}}
 
| group2= Wahana uji
| list2 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Beroperasi
| list1 =
| group2 = Pensiun
| list2 =
* ''[[SpaceX Grasshopper|Grasshopper]]''
* [[F9R Dev1]]†
* ''[[SpaceX DragonFly|DragonFly]]''
* ''[[Starhopper]]''
| group3 = Tidak.belum terbang
| list3 =
* [[F9R Dev2]]*
* [[SpaceX Starship#Prototypes|Starship prototypes]]
}}
| group3 = Wahana antariksa
| list3 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Kargo
| list1 =
* [[SpaceX Dragon|Dragon]]
* Starship cargo*
* Starship tanker*
 
| group2 = Awak
| list2 =
* [[Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]]
** [[Crew Dragon C201|C201]]
** [[Crew Dragon Endeavour|C206 ''Endeavour'']]
** [[Crew Dragon C207|C207]]
* [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]*
}}
 
| group4 = Wahana dapat digunakan ulang
| list4 =
* [[Daftar pendorong tahap pertama Falcon 9|Pendorong tahap pertama]]
** [[Pendorong Falcon 9 B1046|B1046]]
** [[Pendorong Falcon 9 B1048|B1048]]
** [[Pendorong Falcon 9 B1056|B1056]]
* Kapsul kargo
** [[SpaceX Dragon C106|C106]]
** [[SpaceX Dragon C108|C108]]
 
| group5 = [[Mesin roket SpaceX|Mesin roket]]
| list5 =
* [[Kestrel (mesin roket)|Kestrel]] (pensiun)
* [[Merlin (mesin roket)|Merlin]]
** 1A
** 1B*
** 1C
** 1D
** Vacuum
* [[Draco (mesin roket)|Draco]]
** [[SuperDraco]]
* [[Raptor (mesin roket)|Raptor]]
* [[Mesin roket SpaceX#Pendorong Methalox|Pendorong Methalox]]*
 
| group6 = [[Templat:Peluncuran roket Falcon|Misi]]
| list6 =
* [[Falcon 1#Sejarah peluncuran|Falcon 1 launches]]
* [[Daftar peluncuran roket Falcon 9 dan Falcon Heavy|Peluncuran Falcon 9 dan Falcon Heavy]]
** [[Misi Demonstrasi falcon Heavy]]
* [[Starlink (konstelasi satelit)|Starlink]]
* [[Daftar penerbangan Starship|Penerbangan Starship]]
** ''#[[Proyek dearMoon]]''*
 
| group7 = [[Fasilitas peluncuran SpaceX|Tempat peluncuran]]
| list7 =
{{navbox|subgroup
| group1 = Orbital
| list1 =
* [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Space Launch Complex 40|Space Launch Complex 40]]
** [[Cape Canaveral Air Force Station|Cape Canaveral]]
* [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|Launch Complex 39A]]
** [[Kennedy Space Center]]
* [[Vandenberg Air Force Base Space Launch Complex 4#SLC-4E|Space Launch Complex 4E]]
** [[Vandenberg Air Force Base|Vandenberg]]
* [[Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site|Omelek Island]]†
** [[Kwajalein Atoll|Kwajalein]]
 
| group2 = Atmosfer
| list2 =
* [[Fasilitas peluncuran SpaceXs#Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor|Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor]]
* [[Fasilitas peluncuran Spacex#Fasilitas pengujian New Mexico|Fasilitas pengujian New Mexico]]†
* [[Tempat peluncuran SpaceX di Texas|Tempat peluncuran Texas]]
** [[Boca Chica Village, Texas|Boca Chica]]
}}
 
| group8 = Tempat pendaratan
| list8 =
* [[Autonomous spaceport drone ship]]
* Landing Zone <!-- [[SpaceX Landing Zone]] -->
** [[Landing Zones 1 dan 2|LZ-1]] di Cape Canaveral
** [[Landing Zones 1 dan 2|LZ-2]] di Cape Canaveral
** [[Vandenberg Air Force Base Space Launch Complex 4#SLC-4W|LZ-4di]] Vandenberg
 
| group9 = Fasilitas lain
| list9 =
* [[SpaceX|Kantor pusat dan pabrik]]
** [[Hawthorne, California]]
* [[Fasilitas peluncuran SpaceXs#Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor|Fasilitas pengembangan dan pengujian roket McGregor]]
** [[McGregor, Texas]]<!--This is listed twice as it is both a suborbital launch site (Grasshopper, etc) and a test facility (engines, structures and likely more) -->
* [[Fasilitas pengembangan satelit|Satellite development facility]]
** [[Redmond, Washington]]
* [[SpaceX|Kantor regional]]
** Chantilly, Houston, Seattle, Washington DC
 
| group10 = Wahana penunjang
| list10 =
* [[GO Searcher]]
**Pendaratan Dragon 2
* [[GO Navigator]]
**Pendaratan Dragon 2
* [[Ms. Tree (kapal)|Ms. Tree & Ms. Chief]]
**Pendaratan fairing
 
| group11 = Kontrak
| list11 =
* [[Commercial Orbital Transportation Services]]
* [[Commercial Resupply Services]]
* [[Commercial Crew Program]]
* [[Commercial Lunar Payload Services]]
* [[Gateway Logistics Services]]
 
| group12 = Program [[Riset dan pengembangan|litbang]]
| list12 =
* [[Program pengembangan sistem peluncur daur ulang SpaceX]]
* [[Uji pendaratan tahap pertama Falcon 9]]
* [[Red Dragon (wahana antariksa)|Red Dragon]] (dibatalkan)
* [[Infrastruktur transportasi Mars SpaceX]]
 
| group13 = Tokoh
| list13 =
* [[Elon Musk]] (CEO, CTO)
* [[Gwynne Shotwell]] (Presiden and COO)
* [[Tom Mueller]] (Wakil Presiden Pengembangan Teknologi Propulsi)
 
|below = <nowiki>*</nowiki> denotes unflown vehicles or engines, and future missions or sites. † denotes failed missions, destroyed vehicles, and abandoned sites.
}}
[[Kategori:Kendaraan peluncur antariksa]]
[[Kategori:Kendaraan peluncur luar angkasa Amerika Serikat]]
[[Kategori:Wahana antariksa]]
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust"