Pascal Lissouba: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 1:
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Pascal Lissouba
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| honorific-suffix =
| image = Visit of Pascal Lissouba, President of Congo, to the EC (cropped).jpg
| imagesize =
| smallimage = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
| alt =
| caption =
| restingplaceorder =
 
| orderoffice = [[Daftar Presiden Republik Kongo|Presiden Republik Kongo]]
| term_end term_start = 2531 OktoberAgustus 19971992
| office = [[Daftar Presiden Republik Kongo|Presiden Republik Kongo]]
| term_startterm_end = 3125 AgustusOktober 19921997
| alongside = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district. (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| term_end = 25 Oktober 1997
| vicepresident =
| alongside = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district. (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| primeminister = [[André Milongo]]<br />[[Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra]]<br />[[Claude Antoine Dacosta]]<br />[[Joachim Yhombi-Opango]]<br />[[Charles David Ganao]]
| vicepresident =
| succeeding = <!--For President-elect or equivalent-->
| primeminister = [[André Milongo]]<br />[[Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra]]<br />[[Claude Antoine Dacosta]]<br />[[Joachim Yhombi-Opango]]<br />[[Charles David Ganao]]
| succeedingpredecessor = <!--For[[Denis President-electSassou or equivalent-->Nguesso]]
| predecessorsuccessor = [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
| order2 = = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| successor = [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
| officeoffice2 = [[Daftar PresidenPerdana Menteri Republik Kongo|PresidenPerdana Menteri Republik Kongo]]
| order2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| term_start2 = 24 Desember 1963
| office2 = [[Daftar Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo|Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo]]
| term_start2term_end2 = 24 Desember= 15 April 19631966
| president2 vicepresident2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| term_end2 = 15 April 1966
| vicepresident2 viceprimeminister2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| viceprimeminister2president2 = = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| predecessor2 = [[Alphonse Massamba-Débat]]
| president2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| predecessor2successor2 = = [[AlphonseAmbroise Massamba-DébatNoumazalaye]]
| constituency2 = = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| successor2 = [[Ambroise Noumazalaye]]
| death_datebirth_date = {{DeathBirth date and age|2020|08|24|1931|11|15|df=yes}}
| constituency2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| birth_place = [[Tsinguidi]], [[Kongo Prancis]], [[Afrika Khatulistiwa Prancis]]
 
| birth_datedeath_date = {{BirthDeath date and age|2020|08|24|1931|11|15|df=yes}}
| birth_placedeath_place = [[TsinguidiPerpignan]], [[Kongo Prancis]], [[Afrika Khatulistiwa Prancis]]
| restingplace =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2020|08|24|1931|11|15|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Perpignan]], [[Prancis]]
| restingplace =
| restingplacecoordinates =
| citizenship =
| nationality =
| party = [[Persatuan Pan-Afrika untuk Demokrasi Sosial]]
| otherparty = [[Gerakan Revolusi Nasional]]
| spouse =
| partner = = <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married-->
| alma_mater = [[Universitas Paris]]
| occupation =
| profession =
| cabinet =
| committees =
| portfolio =
| religion =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Pascal Lissouba''' ({{lahirmati||15|11|1931||24|8|2020}})<ref>https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2020/08/24/l-ancien-president-congolais-pascal-lissouba-est-mort_6049780_3212.html</ref><ref>https://www.jeuneafrique.com/1033118/politique/congo-brazzaville-pascal-lissouba-est-decede/</ref> adalah [[Presiden Republik Kongo]] yang menjabat dari 31 Agustus 1992 hingga 25 Oktober 1997. Ia adalah presiden pertama yang terpilih secara demokratis di negaranya. Ia digulingkan oleh Presiden saat ini [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]] dalam [[perang Saudara Republik Kongo (1997–1999)|perang saudara 1997]].
 
== Karier politik ==
Baris 63 ⟶ 61:
Pada tahun 1977, ia dituduh terlibat dalam pembunuhan Ngouabi dan ditangkap. Ia dijatuhi hukuman penjara seumur hidup dan kerja paksa pada tahun 1977.<ref name="Pascal Lissouba, le président sortant1997" /> Ia dibebaskan pada tahun 1979 tetapi harus hidup dalam pengasingan di [[Prancis]] dari 1979 hingga 1990. Di Prancis, ia adalah seorang profesor genetika<ref name="Pascal Lissouba, le président sortant1997" /> di Universitas Paris dan kemudian bekerja untuk [[UNESCO]] di Paris dan [[Nairobi]]. Ketika Presiden [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]] dipaksa untuk menggerakkan Kongo menuju demokrasi pada tahun 1991, Lissouba kembali pada Februari 1992<ref name="Pascal Lissouba, le président sortant1997" /> dan terpilih sebagai Presiden dalam [[pemilihan umum Presiden Republik Kongo 1992|pemilu Agustus 1992]]. Ia mendapatkan 36% suara pada putaran pertama, sebagai kandidat dari partai sayap kiri [[Persatuan Pan-Afrika untuk Demokrasi Sosial]] (''Union panafricaine pour la démocratie sociale'', UPADS). Dalam putaran kedua, Lissouba mendapat 61% suara diikuti oleh [[Bernard Kolelas]] pada peringkat kedua.
 
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
 
{{S-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Alphonse Massamba-Débat]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo]]|years=1963&ndash;19661963–1966}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ambroise Noumazalaye]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Presiden Republik Kongo]]|years=1992&ndash;19971992–1997}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]}}
{{S-end}}
Baris 78 ⟶ 76:
{{Presiden Republik Kongo}}
{{Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo}}
 
{{Authority control}}