Suku Uighur: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 1:
{{Infobox Ethnicethnic group
| group = Uyghur<br/>維吾爾<br/>ئۇيغۇرSuku Uighur
| native_name = {{hlist|{{lang|ug-Arab|ئۇيغۇرلار}}|{{lang|ug-Cyrl|Уйғурлар}}|{{lang|ug-Latn|Uyghurlar}}}}
|image = [[Berkas:Uyghur Meshrep.jpg|200px]]
| image = Uyghur man in Kashgar.jpg
|image_capiton = Musisi tradisional Uighur
| image_caption = Seorang pria Uighur di [[Kashgar]]
|population = Sekitar 13,5 juta <ref>[https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Uyghurs#cite_note-PopulationDispute-1<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| total = {{circa|'''13,5 juta'''}}{{NoteTag|name=PopulationDispute|Jumlah populasi suku Uighur diperselisihkan oleh pemerintah Tiongkok dan organisasi Uighur di luar Tiongkok. [[#Populasi|§ Bagian Populasi]] di artikel ini membahas lebih lanjut mengenai perselisihan.}}
|regions = {{negaranama|RRT}} ([[Xinjiang]]){{br}}{{negaranama|Pakistan}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Kazakhstan}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Kyrgyzstan}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Uzbekistan}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Mongolia}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Turki}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Rusia}}{{br}}{{negaranama|Afganistan}}{{br}}
| region1 = [[Tiongkok]]<br />(terutama di [[Xinjiang]])
|languages = Terutama: [[Bahasa Uyghur|Uyghur]]<br/>Juga: [[Bahasa Turki|Turki]], [[Bahasa Tionghoa|Tionghoa]], [[Bahasa Mandarin|Mandarin]]
| pop1 = 11,8 juta
|related= [[Suku bangsa Turkik]] lainnya
| ref1 = <ref>{{cite web|title=Geographic Distribution and Population of Ethnic Minorities|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2021/indexeh.htm|website=China Statistical Yearbook 2021|access-date=4 February 2023}}</ref>
|religions = Islam [[Sunni]]<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/asiapcf/04/20/eyeonchina.xinjiang/index.html CNN.com - Xinjiang: On the new frontier - Apr 21, 2005<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| region2 = [[Suku Uighur di Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]
| pop2 = 223.100 (2009)
| ref2 = <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.almaty-kazakhstan.net/kazakhstan/demographics/ |title= Ethnic groups of Kazakhstan in 2009 |publisher = www.almaty-kazakhstan.net |access-date= 1 February 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170210121530/http://www.almaty-kazakhstan.net/kazakhstan/demographics/ |archive-date= 10 February 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Агентство Республики Каписью на 26,1% и составила 10098,6 тыс. человек. Увеличилась численность узбеков на 23,3%, составив 457,2 тыс. человек, уйгур – на 6%, составив 223,1 тыс. человек. Снизилась численность русских на 15,3%, составив 3797,0 тыс. человек; немцев – на 49,6%, составив 178,2 тыс. человек; украинцев – на 39,1%, составив 333,2 тыс. человек; татар – на 18,4%, составив 203,3 тыс. человек; других этносов – на 5,8%, составив 714,2 тыс. человек.</ref>
| region3 = [[Suku Uighur di Pakistan|Pakistan]]
| pop3 = 200.000 (2010)
| ref3 = <ref>{{cite web|title=Чей Кашмир? Индусов,Пакистацев или уйгуров?|url=https://dzen.ru/a/Y7nr3SMGQETzz7ag|access-date=29 Jan 2023}}</ref>
| region4 = [[Suku Uighur di Turki|Turki]]
| pop4 = 100.000–300.000
| ref4 = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://east-turkistan.net/about-the-uyghurs/|title=About The Uyghurs|date=4 March 2021|publisher=East Turkistan Government in Exile|access-date=11 October 2022|archive-date=2 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221002101421/https://east-turkistan.net/about-the-uyghurs/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| region5 = [[Suku Uighur di Kirgizstan|Kirgizstan]]
| pop5 = 200.000
| ref5 = <ref>{{cite news |title=Национальная самобытность: О жизни уйгуров в Кыргызстане |url=https://www.mk.kg/social/2021/04/14/nacionalnaya-samobytnost-o-zhizni-uygurom-v-kyrgyzstane.html |work=[[Moskovskij Komsomolets]] |language=ru |date=14 April 2021}}</ref>
| region6 = [[Uzbekistan]]
| pop6 = 48.500 (2019)
| ref6 = <ref>{{cite web|title=Uyghur|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/uig|website=Ethnologue|access-date=23 May 2022}}</ref>
| region7 = [[Uighur Amerika Serikat|Amerika Serikat]]
| pop7 = 8.905 (per Biro Sensus AS 2015)<ref>{{cite web |title=Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009–2013 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2013/demo/2009-2013-lang-tables.html |website=United States Census Bureau |access-date=25 March 2021}}</ref> – 15.000 (per estimasi ETGE 2021)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hawkins |first1=Samantha |title=Uighur Rally Puts Genocide in Focus Ahead of US-China Talks |url=https://www.courthousenews.com/uighur-rally-puts-genocide-in-focus-ahead-of-us-china-talks/ |access-date=25 March 2021 |agency=Courthouse News |date=18 March 2021}}</ref>
| ref7 =
| region8 = [[Arab Saudi]]
| pop8 = 8.730 (2018)
| ref8 = <ref>{{cite web |title =Uyghurs in Saudia Arabia|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/uig}}</ref>
| region9 = [[Australia]]
| pop9 = 5.000–10.000
| ref9 = <ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.sbs.com.au/news/uighur-abuse-australia-urged-to-impose-sanctions-on-china|title= Uighur abuse: Australia urged to impose sanctions on China|work= www.sbs.com.au|access-date= 11 September 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180911120528/https://www.sbs.com.au/news/uighur-abuse-australia-urged-to-impose-sanctions-on-china|archive-date= 11 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
| region10 = [[Rusia]]
| pop10 = 3.696 (2010)
| ref10 = <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab5.xls |title= Перепись населения России 2010 года |trans-title=Russian census 2010 |access-date= 3 March 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120201195659/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab5.xls |archive-date= 1 February 2012 }}</ref>
| region11 = [[India]]
| pop11 = ~3.500
| ref11 = <ref>{{cite web |last=Kumar |first=Kumar |date=December 18, 2016 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2016/12/18/for-uighur-exiles-kashmir-is-heaven |url-status=live |access-date=September 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005130734/https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2016/12/18/for-uighur-exiles-kashmir-is-heaven |archive-date=October 5, 2020 |title=For Uighur exiles, Kashmir is heaven |publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al Jazeera]] |language=en-IN }}</ref>
| region12 = [[Turkmenistan]]
| pop12 = ~3.000
| ref12 = <ref>{{cite web |url = http://xn--e1adcaacuhnujm.xn--p1ai/ujgury.html |language= ru |script-title= ru:Uyghur |publisher= Historyland |access-date= 3 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212012052/http://xn--e1adcaacuhnujm.xn--p1ai/ujgury.html |archive-date = 12 February 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| region13 = [[Afganistan]]
| pop13 = 2.000
| ref13 = <ref>{{cite news |last1=Gunter |first1=Joel |title=Afghanistan's Uyghurs fear the Taliban, and now China too |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-58342790 |access-date=27 August 2021 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=27 August 2021}}</ref>
| region14 = [[Jepang]]
| pop14 = 2.000 (2021)
| ref14 = <ref>{{cite web |title=ウイグル族 訪れぬ平安{{nbsp}}... 日本暮らしでも「中国の影」 |url=https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/world/20211106-OYT1T50026/ |website=読売新聞オンライン |access-date=14 July 2022 |language=ja |date=6 November 2021}}</ref>
| region15 = [[Swedia]]
| pop15 = 2.000 (2019)
| ref15 = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://asiatimes.com/2019/10/where-the-uighurs-are-free-to-be/|title=Where the Uighurs are free to be|first=Bertil|last=Lintner|date=31 October 2019|website=Asia Times|access-date=24 July 2020}}</ref>
| region16 = [[Kanada]]
| pop16 = ~1.555 (2016)
| ref16 = <ref>{{cite web|url= http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Ethnic+origin&TABID=1|title= Census Profile, 2016 Census – Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]|first= Government of Canada, Statistics|last= Canada|website= www12.statcan.gc.ca|url-status=live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180428023042/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=PR&Code1=01&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Ethnic+origin&TABID=1|archive-date= 28 April 2018|date= 8 February 2017}}</ref>
| region17 = [[Jerman]]
| pop17 = ~750 (2013)
| ref17 = <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shichor |first1=Yitzhak |title=Nuisance Value: Uyghur activism in Germany and Beijing–Berlin relations |journal=Journal of Contemporary China |date=July 2013 |volume=22 |issue=82 |pages=612–629 |doi=10.1080/10670564.2013.766383 |s2cid=145666712 }}</ref>
| region18 = [[Finlandia]]
| pop18 = 327 (2021)
| ref18 = <ref>{{cite web |title=Language according to age and sex by region, 1990-2021 |url=https://pxdata.stat.fi/PxWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11rl.px/ |website=stat.fi |access-date=29 January 2023}}</ref>
| region19 = [[Mongolia]]
| pop19 = 258 (2000)
| ref19 = <ref name="Dynamic1983-2008">{{Cite web|url=http://www.statis.mn/portal/content_files/comppmedia/cxls0x450.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722221549/http://www.statis.mn/portal/content_files/comppmedia/cxls0x450.xls|url-status=dead|title=Khovd Aimak Statistical Office. 1983–2008 Dynamics Data Sheet|archive-date=22 July 2011}}</ref>
| region20 = [[Ukraina]]
| pop20 = 197 (2001)
| ref20 = <ref>[http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul1/select_5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=100&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20%20&n_page=5 State statistics committee of Ukraine – National composition of population, 2001 census] {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141008110958/http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul1/select_5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=100&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20%20&n_page=5 |date= 8 October 2014 }} (Ukrainian)</ref>
| languages = {{hlist|'''[[Bahasa Uighur|Uighur]]'''<br />[[Bahasa Äynu|Äynu]], [[Bahasa Mandarin|Mandarin]], [[Bahasa Rusia|Rusia]]
}}
| religions = Mayoritas [[Islam Sunni]]
| related_groups = [[Suku Uzbek|Uzbek]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Central Asia and the Caucasus: Transnationalism and Diaspora|year=2004|page=31|author=Touraj Atabaki, Sanjyot Mehendale|quote=The Uighurs, too, are Turkic Muslims, linguistically and culturally more closely related to the Uzbeks than the Kazakhs.}}</ref> [[Turk Ili]], [[Suku Äynu|Äynu]]
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
[[Berkas:Khotan-mercado-chicas-d01.jpg|jmpl|Orang-orang Uighur di sebuah pasar di [[Hotan]], [[Xinjiang]].]]
| ibox-order = ug, zh
'''Suku Uighur''' atau '''Uygur''', '''Uigur''', '''Uyghur''' ([[Bahasa Uyghur|Uyghur]]: ئۇيغۇر; {{zh-stp|s=[[wikt:维|维]][[wikt:吾|吾]][[wikt:尔|尔]]|t=[[wikt:維|維]][[wikt:吾|吾]][[wikt:爾|爾]]|p=Wéiwú'ěr}}; [[Aksara Sirilik]]: уйгуры) adalah salah satu [[suku minoritas]] resmi di [[Xianyang|Daerah Otonomi Uyghur Xinjiang]] di [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]]. Suku ini merupakan keturunan dari suku kuno [[Huihe]] yang tersebar di [[Asia Tengah]], menuturkan [[bahasa Uighur]] dan memeluk [[agama Islam]]. Suku Uyghur berafiliasi budaya dengan wilayah [[Asia Timur]] dan Tengah. Mereka merupakan salah satu dari 55 [[Etnis minoritas di Tiongkok|etnis minoritas]] yang diakui secara resmi di China. Uyghur diakui oleh Pemerintah China hanya sebagai minoritas regional dalam negara multikultural. Pemerintah China menolak gagasan bahwa Uyghur sebagai kelompok [[pribumi]].
| order = st
 
<!-- Uyghur -->| uig = ئۇيغۇرلار
Suku Uyghur secara tradisional mendiami di serangkaian [[oasis]] yang tersebar di [[Gurun Taklamakan]] di dalam [[Cekungan Tarim]]. Oase-oase ini secara historis merupakan negara merdeka atau dikendalikan oleh banyak [[peradaban]] termasuk [[Tiongkok]], [[Mongol]], [[Tibet]], dan berbagai [[Turkmenistan|pemerintahan Turki]]. Uyghur berangsur-angsur mulai masuk [[Islam]] pada abad ke-10 dan sebagian besar Uyghur diidentifikasi sebagai [[Muslim]] pada abad ke-16. Semenjak itu Islam memainkan peran penting dalam budaya dan identitas Uyghur.
| uly = Uyghurlar
 
| usy = Уйғурлар
Diperkirakan 80% Suku Uyghur masih tinggal di Cekungan Tarim. Warga Uyghur lainya sebagian tinggal di daerah Urumqi, ibu kota Xinjiang UAR yang terletak di wilayah bersejarah Dzungaria. Komunitas terbesar Uyghur lainnya tinggal di [[Kabupaten taoyuan|Kabupaten Taoyuan]], Hunan Utara-Tengah. Komunitas diaspora Uyghur yang signifikan juga tersebar di negara-negara Turki lainnya seperti [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kyrgystan]], [[Uzbekistan]] dan [[Turki]]. Komunitas yang lebih kecil tinggal di [[Yordania]], [[Arab Saudi]], [[Australia]], [[Rusia]], dan [[Swedia]].
| uipa = {{IPA-all|ujɣurˈlɑr|}}
 
<!-- Chinese -->| s = {{linktext|维吾尔}}
Sejak tahun 2015, diperkirakan lebih dari sejuta orang Uyghur ditahan di ''camp-camp'' pendidikan ulang Xinjiang''.''
| t = {{linktext|維吾爾}}
| p = Wéiwú'ěr
| w = {{tone superscript|Wei2-wu2-erh3}}
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|wei|2|.|wu|2|.|er|3}}
| tp = Wéi-wú-ěr
| bpmf = ㄨㄟˊ ㄨˊ ㄦˇ
}}
{{Contains special characters|Uyghur}}
 
'''Suku Uighur''' adalah sebuah suku bangsa [[Suku bangsa Turkik|Turkik]] yang berasal dari dan secara budaya terikat dengan daerah [[Asia Tengah]] dan [[Asia Timur|Timur]] secara umum. Suku Uighur diakui sebagai [[bangsa tituler|kebangsaan tituler]] di Daerah Otonomi Uighur [[Xinjiang]] di [[Tiongkok Barat Laut]]. Suku bangsa ini adalah salah satu dari [[Suku bangsa minoritas di Tiongkok|55 suku bangsa minoritas yang secara resmi diakui pemerintah Tiongkok]].<ref name="Celtic">{{cite news|date=28 August 2006|title=The mystery of China's celtic mummies|work=[[The Independent]]|location=London|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/a-meeting-of-civilisations-the-mystery-of-chinas-celtic-mummies-413638.html|url-status=live|access-date=28 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080403234936/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/a-meeting-of-civilisations-the-mystery-of-chinas-celtic-mummies-413638.html|archive-date=3 April 2008}}</ref>
Suku Uighur bersama [[suku Hui]] menjadi suku utama pemeluk Islam di Tiongkok, tetapi ada perbedaan budaya dan gaya hidup yang kentara di antaranya. Suku Uighur lebih bernafaskan [[Sufi]] sedangkan suku Hui lebih pada mazhab [[Hanafi]].
 
Suku Uighur secara tradisi menghuni berbagai [[oasis]] yang tersebar di [[Gurun Taklamakan]] di [[Cekungan Tarim]]. Oasis-oasis ini dalam sejarahnya pernah menjadi negara independen atau dikontrol oleh banyak [[peradaban]] yaitu oleh [[Sejarah Tiongkok|Tiongkok]], [[Kekaisaran Mongol|Mongol]], [[Kekaisaran Tibet|Tibet]] dan berbagai pemerintahan Turkik. Suku Uighur perlahan mulai memeluk agama Islam pada abad ke-10, dan sebagian besar suku Uighur sudah teridentifikasi sebagai pemeluk agama Islam pada abad ke-16. Islam sejak saat itu memainkan peranan penting terhadap budaya dan identitas suku Uighur.
[[Berkas:Kiroran Silk Road Uygur Restaurant.jpg|jmpl|Restoran makanan Uighur di [[Sydney]], [[Australia]].]]
 
Diperkirakan 80% dari suku Uighur di Xinjiang masih tinggal di [[Cekungan Tarim]].{{sfn|Dillon|2004|p=24}} Suku Uighur lainnya di Xinjiang sebagian besar tinggal di [[Ürümqi]], ibu kota dari [[Xinjiang]], kota yang berlokasi di daerah historis [[Dzungaria]]. Komunitas terbesar suku Uighur yang tinggal di luar Xinjiang adalah [[County Taoyuan#Uighur Taoyuan|Uighur Taoyuan]] di [[County Taoyuan]], provinsi [[Hunan]] bagian utara-tengah.<ref name="english.people.com.cn">{{cite news|url=http://english.people.com.cn/english/200012/28/eng20001228_59085.html|title=Ethnic Uygurs in Hunan Live in Harmony with Han Chinese|date=29 December 2000|newspaper=People's Daily|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071016232615/http://english.people.com.cn/english/200012/28/eng20001228_59085.html|archive-date=16 October 2007|url-status=dead|access-date=15 March 2007}}</ref> Komunitas [[diaspora]] suku Uighur yang signifikan terdapat di negara-negara rumpun Turkik lainnya yaitu [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kirgizstan]], [[Uzbekistan]] dan Turki.<ref>{{cite web
== Lihat pula ==
|url= http://www.eastwestcenter.org/fileadmin/stored/pdfs/ps053.pdf
|title= Ethno-Diplomacy: The Uyghur Hitch in Sino-Turkish Relations
|access-date= 28 August 2011
|url-status= dead
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110927103523/http://www.eastwestcenter.org/fileadmin/stored/pdfs/ps053.pdf
|archive-date= 27 September 2011
}}</ref> Komunitas lebih kecil tinggal di Arab Saudi, Yordania, Australia, Rusia dan Swedia.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Castets |first1=Rémi |title=The Uyghurs in Xinjiang – The Malaise Grows |journal=China Perspectives |date=1 October 2003 |volume=2003 |issue=5 |doi=10.4000/chinaperspectives.648 |url=https://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/648 |language=fr |issn=2070-3449|doi-access=free }} "The rest of the Diaspora is settled in Turkey (about 10,000 people) and, in smaller numbers, in Germany, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, Canada, the US, India and Pakistan."</ref>
 
Sejak tahun 2014,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Brouwer|first=Joseph|date=30 September 2020|title=Xi Defends Xinjiang Policy as "Entirely Correct"|work=[[China Digital Times]]|url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2020/09/xi-defends-xinjiang-policy-as-entirely-correct/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Davidson|first=Helen|date=18 September 2020|title=Clues to scale of Xinjiang labour operation emerge as China defends camps|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/sep/18/clues-to-scale-of-xinjiang-labour-operation-emerge-as-china-defends-camps}}</ref> [[pemerintah Tiongkok]] telah dituduh oleh berbagai organisasi, seperti [[Human Rights Watch]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/08/31/china-unrelenting-crimes-against-humanity-targeting-uyghurs | title=China: Unrelenting Crimes Against Humanity Targeting Uyghurs &#124; Human Rights Watch | date=31 August 2023 }}</ref> dituduh melakukan [[Penindasan suku Uighur di Tiongkok|penindasan]] yang menyebar luas terhadap suku Uighur yang tinggal di Xinjiang, salah satu bentuknya yaitu sterilisasi paksa<ref>{{Cite news|last=Vanderklippe|first=Nathan|date=9 March 2011|title=Lawsuit against Xinjiang researcher marks new effort to silence critics of China's treatment of Uyghurs|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-lawsuit-against-xinjiang-researcher-marks-new-effort-to-silence/}}</ref><ref name="Falconer">{{Cite news|last=Falconer|first=Rebecca|date=9 March 2021|title=Report: "Clear evidence" China is committing genocide against Uyghurs|work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|url=https://www.axios.com/report-clear-evidence-china-genocide-uyghur-muslims-3c50f075-89c8-47c2-9506-9433e7d5a51a.html}}</ref> dan kerja paksa.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Chase|first=Steven|date=24 January 2021|title=Canada urged to formally label China's Uyghur persecution as genocide|work=[[The Globe and Mail]]|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-canada-urged-to-formally-label-chinas-uyghur-persecution-as-genocide/}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Brouwer|first=Joseph|date=25 June 2021|title=China Uses Global Influence Campaign To Deny Forced Labor, Mass Incarceration in Xinjiang|work=[[China Digital Times]]|url=https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2021/06/china-uses-global-influence-campaign-to-deny-forced-labor-mass-incarceration-in-xinjiang/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cheng|first=Yangyang|date=10 December 2020|title=The edge of our existence|journal=[[Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists]] |volume=76 |issue=6 |pages=315–320 |doi=10.1080/00963402.2020.1846417 |bibcode=2020BuAtS..76f.315C |s2cid=228097031}}</ref> Para ahli memperkirakan bahwa setidaknya satu juta suku Uighur telah [[Penangkapan dan penahanan sewenang-wenang|ditahan secara sewenang-wenang]] di [[kamp pengasingan Xinjiang]] sejak tahun 2017;<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Raza|first=Zainab|date=24 October 2019|title=China's 'Political Re-Education of Uyghur Muslims'|journal=[[Asian Affairs]]|volume=50|issue=4|pages=488–501|doi=10.1080/03068374.2019.1672433|s2cid=210448190|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Parton|first=Charles|date=11 February 2020|title=Foresight 2020: The Challenges Facing China|journal=The RUSI Journal|volume=165|issue=2|pages=10–24|doi=10.1080/03071847.2020.1723284|s2cid=213331666}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=van Ess |first1=Margaretha A. |last2=ter Laan |first2=Nina |last3=Meinema |first3=Erik |date=5 April 2021 |title=Beyond 'radical' versus 'moderate'? New perspectives on the politics of moderation in Muslim majority and Muslim minority settings |journal=Religion |publication-place=[[Utrecht University]] |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=161–168 |doi=10.1080/0048721X.2021.1865616 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Pemerintah Tiongkok mengklaim bahwa kamp-kamp ini, yang diciptakan di bawah [[Pemerintahan Xi Jinping|pemerintahan]] [[Xi Jinping]], yang bertujuan untuk memastikan kesetiaan terhadap ideologi [[Partai Komunis Tiongkok]] (PKT), untuk mencegah [[Gerakan kemerdekaan Turkestan Timur|separatisme]], memerangi [[Konflik Xinjiang|terorisme]], dan menyediakan [[Pendidikan vokasi|pelatihan vokasi]] pada suku Uighur.<ref>{{Cite news|last=McCormick|first=Andrew|date=16 June 2021|title=Uyghurs outside China are traumatized. Now they're starting to talk about it.|work=[[MIT Technology Review]]|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/06/16/1026357/uyghurs-china-minorities-trauma-telehealth-social-media/}}</ref> Berbagai ahli, organisasi HAM dan pemerintah menganggap pelanggaran yang dilakukan terhadap suku Uighur sama dengan [[kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan]], atau bahkan [[Penindasan suku Uighur di Tiongkok|genosida]].
* [[Daerah Otonomi Xinjiang|Otonomi Xinjiang.]]
* [[Konflik Xinjiang]]
 
== Pranala luar ==
* [[Turkistan Timur]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160101193742/http://www.360doc.com/content/12/0813/22/276037_230028707.shtml Map share of ethnic by county of China] (archived 1 January 2016)
* [https://archive.org/details/xinjiang-video-project/Xinjiang-Uyghurs-michael-dillon-documentary-2008.mp4 Xinjiang Video Project] on [[Internet Archive]]
 
{{Authority control}}
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{SukuTiongkok}}
 
[[Kategori:ArtikelSuku mengandungUighur| aksara Han]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa yang diakui secara resmi oleh Tiongkok]]
[[Kategori:Islam di Tiongkok]]
[[Kategori:SukuKomunitas bangsaIslam di KazakhstanTiongkok]]
[[Kategori:Suku bangsa Turkik di KirgizstanAsia]]
[[Kategori:SukuKelompok bangsaetnik di TiongkokKazakhstan]]
[[Kategori:SukuKelompok bangsaetnik di UzbekistanKirgizstan]]
[[Kategori:Kelompok etnik di Pakistan]]
[[Kategori:Kelompok etnik di Uzbekistan]]