Injil Istri Yesus: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Berkas:Gospel of Jesus' Wife.jpg|jmpl|300px|Injil Istri Yesus, ''recto''.]]
"'''Injil Istri Yesus'''" merupakan sebuah nama yang diberikan untuk sebuah fragmen [[papirus]] yang ditulis dalam [[bahasa Koptik|bahasa Koptik Mesir]] yang memuat tulisan: "[[Yesus Kristus|Yesus]] berkata kepada mereka, 'istriku...'".<ref>[http://chronicle.com/blogs/percolator/the-lessons-of-jesus-wife/31234 ''The Lessons of Jesus' Wife''] by Tom Bartlett ([[The Chronicle of Higher Education]], 1 October 2012)</ref> Naskah fragmen ini diduga merupakan hasil terjemahan pada abad ke-4 dari [[Injil Thomas]] <ref name="harvard">{{cite web| url= http://www.hds.harvard.edu/faculty-research/research-projects/the-gospel-of-jesuss-wife| title= The Gospel of Jesus's Wife: A New Coptic Gospel Papyrus| publisher= [[Harvard Divinity School]]| accessdate= 2012-09-19| archive-date= 2014-03-28| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140328201044/http://www.hds.harvard.edu/faculty-research/research-projects/the-gospel-of-jesuss-wife| dead-url= yes}}</ref> Naskah ini sekarang terbukti adalah suatu pemalsuan, yang bahkan diakui pula oleh orang yang pertama kali mengumumkannya yaitu [[Karen King]].<ref name="Sabar">{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/06/karen-king-responds-to-the-unbelievable-tale-of-jesus-wife/487484/|title=The Scholar Who Discovered the 'Jesus's Wife' Fragment Now Says It's Likely a Fake|first=Ariel|last=Sabar|work=[[The Atlantic]]|accessdate=June 18, 2016}}</ref>
== Pengumuman dan bantahan ==
Profesor [[:en:Karen L. King|Karen L. King]] (yang mengumumkan penemuan papirus ini pada tahun 2012) dan mahasiswinya AnneMarie Luijendijk menamai fragmen ini "Injil Istri Yesus" sebagai referensi,<ref>{{cite news|title = Harvard scholar's discovery suggests Jesus had a wife|date = 18 September 2012|publisher = via Associated Press|url = http://www.foxnews.com/science/2012/09/18/harvard-scholar-discovery-suggests-jesus-had-wife/|work = Fox News|accessdate = 2012-09-19}}</ref> namun selanjutnya mengakui bahwa penamaan tersebut kontroversial. King sendiri menekankan dan mengingatkan semuanya bahwa fragmen ini tidak dijadikan bukti bahwa Yesus pernah menikah.<ref name=NYT>Laurie Goodstein, [http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/19/us/historian-says-piece-of-papyrus-refers-to-jesus-wife.html?pagewanted=all ''A Faded Piece of Papyrus Refers to Jesus' Wife''] ([[New York Times]], 18 September 2012)</ref> Luijendijk dan [[Papirologi|ahli papirologi]] [[:en:Roger S. Bagnall|Roger S. Bagnall]] mendukung keaslian papirus ini, bahkan Luijendijk sendiri berpendapat bahwa papirus ini tidak mungkin dipalsukan. Profesor Alberto Camplani dari [[Universitas Roma La Sapienza]], yang diminta melakukan analisis yang menjadi dasar artikel surat kabar Vatikan tersebut di atas, selanjutnya meragukan kepalsuan fragmen papirus ini dan menyatakan pada tahun 2012 dalam sebuah dokumenter televisi, "Kesan pertama saya adalah bahwa itu palsu, tetapi saya melihat fragmen tersebut di surat kabar dalam sebuah foto yang buruk. Sekarang saya cenderung percaya bahwa itu merupakan papirus kuno dan bukan pemalsuan dari zaman modern."<ref name=Webb>[http://www.multichannel.com/news-article/smithsonian-sets-jesuss-wife-special/133638 ''The Gospel of Jesus's Wife''], directed by Andy Webb (Blink Films for Smithsonian Channel, September 2012)</ref> Pada kesempatan lain, Profesor Camplani menambahkan bahwa teks papirus tersebut, "harus ditafsirkan secara simbolis."<ref name=camplani>[http://www.osservatoreromano.va/portal/dt?JSPTabContainer.setSelected=JSPTabContainer%2FDetail&last=false=&path=/news/cultura/2012/223q12-Il-testo-copto-con-la-presunta-allusione-al.html&title=A%20papyrus%20adrift%C2%A0&locale=en ''A papyrus adrift''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005012018/http://www.osservatoreromano.va/portal/dt?JSPTabContainer.setSelected=JSPTabContainer%2FDetail&last=false%3D&path=%2Fnews%2Fcultura%2F2012%2F223q12-Il-testo-copto-con-la-presunta-allusione-al.html&title=A%20papyrus%20adrift%C2%A0&locale=en |date=2012-10-05 }} by Alberto Camplani (''L'Osservatore Romano'', 28 September 2012)</ref>
Namun kemudian, surat kabar semi-resmi [[Tahta Suci|Vatikan]], ''[[L'Osservatore Romano]]'', telah menyebut fragmen ini sebagai "pemalsuan yang sangat modern".<ref name=OLeary>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/09/28/us-religion-jesuswife-idUSBRE88R0NT20120928|title="Gospel of Jesus' wife" fragment is a fake, Vatican says|date=28 September 2012|agency=Reuters|accessdate=16 Oktober 2012|author=O'Leary, Naomi|archive-date=2018-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226061820/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-religion-jesuswife/gospel-of-jesus-wife-fragment-is-a-fake-vatican-says-idUSBRE88R0NT20120928|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Sejumlah pakar independen kemudian membuktikan hal ini, misalnya dengan menunjukkan bahwa papirus tersebut memuat kesalahan tipografi yang sama dengan kesalahan yang terdapat pada salinan daring modern dari teks bersangkutan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/belief/2012/oct/16/gospel-jesus-wife-modern-fake-typo|title=The gospel of Jesus's wife: a very modern fake|date=16 October 2012|agency=The Guardian|accessdate=16 Oktober 2012|author=Brown, Andrew}}</ref>
[[Penanggalan radiometrik]] memastikan bahwa papirus itu dari [[Abad Pertengahan]], dan analisis lebih lanjut mengenai bahasa membuat kebanyakan sarjana menyimpulkan bahwa naskah itu disalin dari [[Injil Tomas]].<ref name=atlantic /> Asal usul fragmen dan kemiripannya dengan fragmen lain yang secara luas diyakini palsu dari pemilik yang sama dan tidak diketahui namanya itu mendukung konsensus di antara para sarjana bahwa teks itu adalah pemalsuan modern yang ditulis di atas suatu lembaran papirus dari abad pertengahan.<ref name=atlantic>{{cite news|last1=Joel Baden and Candida Moss|title=The Curious Case of Jesus's Wife|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/12/the-curious-case-of-jesuss-wife/382227/?single_page=true|work=[[The Atlantic]]|date=December 2014}}</ref>
== Analisis teks ==
Bahan papirus itu telah dianalis dengan metode [[penanggalan radiometrik]] oleh [[Harvard University]] dan [[:en:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution|Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution]] dan menghasilkan rata-rata tarikh 741 M.<ref>{{cite journal|last=King|first=Karen L.|title=Jesus said to them, 'My wife...': A New Coptic Papyrus Fragment|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0017816014000133|journal=[[:en:Harvard Theological Review|Harvard Theological Review]]| year=2014| volume=107| issue=2| pages=131–159| doi=10.1017/S0017816014000133|accessdate=April 10, 2014}}</ref> Namun, teks yang tertulis di atasnya terbukti memuat sejumlah kesalahan yang menunjukkan kepalsuannya.<ref name=wsj>{{cite news|last=Pattengale|first=Jerry|title=How the 'Jesus' Wife' Hoax Fell Apart|url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304178104579535540828090438?mg=reno64-wsj&url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702304178104579535540828090438.html|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=May 1, 2014}}</ref><ref name=huffpo25414>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/25/gospel-jesus-wife_n_5206932.html|title=Authenticity Of The 'Gospel Of Jesus's Wife' Called Into Question|last=Jarus|first=Owen|newspaper=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=April 25, 2014|accessdate=April 25, 2014}}</ref><ref name=NYT4514>{{cite news|last=Goodstein|first=Laurie|title=Fresh Doubts Raised About Papyrus Scrap Known as ‘Gospel of Jesus’ Wife’|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/05/us/fresh-doubts-raised-about-papyrus-scrap-known-as-gospel-of-jesuss-wife.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=May 4, 2014}}</ref><ref name=beliefblog/>
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== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.hds.harvard.edu/news-events/articles/2012/09/16/hds-scholar-announces-existence-of-new-early-christian-gospel-from-egypt Harvard Divinity School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920063320/http://www.hds.harvard.edu/news-events/articles/2012/09/16/hds-scholar-announces-existence-of-new-early-christian-gospel-from-egypt |date=2012-09-20 }} - official announcement
* [http://www.hds.harvard.edu/faculty-research/research-projects/the-gospel-of-jesuss-wife Harvard Divinity School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328201044/http://www.hds.harvard.edu/faculty-research/research-projects/the-gospel-of-jesuss-wife |date=2014-03-28 }} - details
* {{cite news|last1=Beasley|first1=Jonathan|title=HDS Scholar Announces Existence of a New Early Christian Gospel from Egypt|url=http://hds.harvard.edu/news/2012/09/18/hds-scholar-announces-existence-new-early-christian-gospel-egypt|accessdate=July 2, 2014|work=Harvard Divinity School|date=September 18, 2012}} - official announcement
* [http://gospelofjesusswife.hds.harvard.edu/ The Gospel of Jesus's Wife] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226061817/https://gospelofjesusswife.hds.harvard.edu/ |date=2018-12-26 }} at Harvard Divinity School website
* [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/12/the-curious-case-of-jesuss-wife/382227/?single_page=true The Curious Case of Jesus's Wife] in ''[[The Atlantic]]''
* [http://ntweblog.blogspot.com/2015/06/gospel-of-jesus-wife-in-new-testament.html''Gospel of Jesus' Wife in New Testament Studies'']
* [https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/11/28/the-case-gospel-jesus-wife-still-isn-closed/gJo7KfDFywXEJ8dLFFjdrK/story.html ''Is 'The Gospel of Jesus' Wife' a revelation or a hoax?'' by Lisa Wangsness]
* [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/07/the-unbelievable-tale-of-jesus-wife/485573/ 'The Unbelievable Tale of Jesus' Wife' by Ariel Sabar]
* Thierry Murcia, [http://www.laviedesclassiques.fr/article/thierry-murcia-marie-madeleine-l%E2%80%99insoup%C3%A7onnable-v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9 ''Marie-Madeleine: L'insoupçonnable vérité ou pourquoi Marie-Madeleine ne peut pas avoir été la femme de Jésus''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928082556/https://laviedesclassiques.fr/article/thierry-murcia-marie-madeleine-l%E2%80%99insoup%C3%A7onnable-v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9 |date=2020-09-28 }}, PDF, La vie des Classiques (Les Belles Lettres publisher), 2017 (free online).
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