Invasi Korea oleh Jepang (1592–1598): Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{for|perang di semenanjung Korea pada 1950-an|Perang Korea}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Invasi Korea oleh Jepang
| image = [[
| caption = Pendaratan
| date = 23 Mei 1592 – 16 Desember 1598 ([[kalender Gregorian]]);<br />13 April 1592 – 19 November 1598 ([[kalender lunar]])
| place = [[Semenanjung Korea]]
| result = Kemenangan Joseon dan Ming<ref name="Lee 108">{{cite book |last= Lee|first= Kenneth|date= January 1, 1997|title= Korea and East Asia: The Story of a Phoenix|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XrZQs-6KswMC&q=japanese+defeat+1592-1598&pg=PA108|publisher= Greenwood Publishing Group|page=108|isbn= 9780275958237|access-date= March 26, 2015}} "Thus the Korea–Japan War of 1592–1598 came to a conclusion, with the Japanese totally defeated and in full-scale retreat. The Korean victory did not come easily."</ref>
* Penarikan pasukan Jepang dari semenanjung Korea menyusul kebuntuan militer<ref name="Turnbull, Stephen 1598, p. 87">Turnbull, Stephen. Samurai Invasions of Korea 1592–1598, p. 87. "Out of 500 Japanese ships only 50 survived to limp home."</ref>
| combatant1 = [[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Joseon]]<br />[[File:Left-facing dragon pattern on Wanli Emperor's imperial robe.svg|15px]][[File:Flag of Ming Dynasty (fictitious).svg|20px]] [[Dinasti Ming|Ming]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Toyotomi mon.png|15px]] [[Zaman Azuchi–Momoyama|Jepang]]
| commander1 = '''Pemimpin politik'''<br />'''Joseon'''<br />
[[File:Coat of Arms of Joseon Korea.png|15px]] [[Seonjo dari Joseon|Raja Seonjo]]'''<br />
[[File:Coat of Arms of Prince of Joseon.png|17px]] [[Gwanghaegun dari Joseon|Pangeran Gwanghae]]<br />
[[
[[
<!-- not quoted here [[Yi Hang-bok]]<br /> -->
'''Komandan militer'''<br />
''[[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Gwon Yul]]''<br />
'''[[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Yi Sun-sin]]{{KIA}}'''<br />
'''[[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Yi Eokgi]]{{KIA}}'''<br />
'''[[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Won Gyun]]{{KIA}}'''<br />
'''[[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Shin Rip]]'''{{KIA}}<br />
'''[[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|15px]] [[Kim Si-min]]'''{{KIA}}<br />
[[Song Sang-hyeon]]{{KIA}}<br />
[[Go Gyeong-myeong]]{{KIA}}<br />
[[Kim Cheon-il]]{{KIA}}<br />
[[Jo Heon]]{{KIA}}<br />
<!-- not quoted here [[Kim Myeong-won]]<br /> -->
[[Yi Il]]<br />
[[Gwak Jae-u]]<br />[[Jeong Gi-ryong]]<br />[[Kim Deok-nyeong]]<br />[[Yujeong]]<br />[[Hyujeong]]<br />[[Jeong Mun-bu]]<br />[[Kim Chung-seon]]
----
'''Inspektur Ming, Jenderal, Komandan Lapangan'''<br />
[[File:Left-facing dragon pattern on Wanli Emperor's imperial robe.svg|15px]]
[[Kaisar Wanli]]<br />
[[Chen Lin (Ming)|Chen Lin]]<br />
[[Song Yingchang]]<br />
[[Ma Gui (jenderal)|Ma Gui]] ''(pr.)''<br />
[[Yang Hao (Ming)|Yang Hao]]<br />
<!-- red link, only one among many [[Liu Ting]]<br /> -->
[[Li Shizhen]]<br />
[[Li Rusong]]<br />
[[Wu Weizhong]]<br />
<!-- red link, only one among many, not a fighter [[Xing Jie]] <br> -->
<!-- red link, not even named here [[Yang Shaoxun]]<br /> -->
[[Deng Zilong]]{{KIA}}<br />
[[Qian Shizhen]] et al.
| commander2 = '''Pemimpin politik'''<br />'''Jepang'''<br />[[File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg|15px]] [[Kaisar Go-Yōzei]]<br />'''[[File:Toyotomi mon.png|15px]] [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]]'''<br />[[File:Toyotomi mon.png|15px]] [[Toyotomi Hidetsugu]]<br />'''Komandan militer'''
<br />[[File:Toyotomi mon.png|15px]] [[Toyotomi Hidekatsu]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest ken Katabami.svg|15px]] [[Ukita Hideie]]
<br />[[File:Hidari mitsudomoe.svg|15px]] [[Kobayakawa Hideaki|Kobayakawa Hidetoshi]]
<br />[[File:Hidari mitsudomoe.svg|15px]] [[Kobayakawa Takakage]]
<br />[[File:Hidari mitsudomoe.svg|15px]] [[Kobayakawa Hidekane]]
<br />[[File:Alex K Hiroshima Mori (color).svg|15px]] [[Mōri Terumoto]]
<br />[[File:Alex K Hiroshima Mori (color).svg|15px]] [[Mōri Hidemoto]]
<br />[[File:Alex K Hiroshima Mori (color).svg|15px]] [[Mōri Yoshimasa]]
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Alex K Hiroshima Mori (color).svg|15px]] [[Mōri Katsunobu]]-->
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Uesugi Sasa.svg|15px]] [[Uesugi Kagekatsu]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Nabesima Gyouyou.svg|15px]] [[Nabeshima Naoshige]]
<br />[[File:Kuyo.svg|15px]] [[Hosokawa Tadaoki]]
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:Kikyo.svg|15px]] [[Katō Kiyomasa]]
<br />[[File:Kikyo.svg|15px]] [[Katō Yoshiaki]]
<br />[[File:Maru juji.svg|15px]] [[Shimazu Yoshihiro]]
<br />[[File:Maru juji.svg|15px]] [[Shimazu Toyohisa]]
<br />[[File:Maru juji.svg|15px]] [[Shimazu Tadatsune]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Maru ni Hidari Mannji.svg|15px]] [[Hachisuka Iemasa]]
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:Japanese crest Hana Kurusu.svg|15px]] [[Konishi Yukinaga]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest daki Gyouyou.svg|15px]] [[Ōtomo Yoshimasa]]
<br />[[File:Gion Mamori.svg|15px]] [[Tachibana Muneshige]]
<!-- don't even has a page on ja:wp <br />[[File:Gion Mamori.svg|15px]] [[Tachibana Naotsugu]] -->
<br />[[File:So clan mon2.svg|15px]] [[Tsukushi Hirokado]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Takeda Hisi.svg|15px]] [[Ankokuji Ekei]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Ikoma kuruma.svg|15px]] [[Ikoma Chikamasa]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Ikoma kuruma.svg|15px]] [[Ikoma Kazumasa]]
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:Japanese Crest Kuroda Fuji tomoe.svg|15px]] [[Kuroda Nagamasa]]
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:So clan mon.svg|15px]] [[Sō Yoshitoshi]]
<br />[[File:Alex K Hiroshima Fukushima kamon.svg|15px]] [[Fukushima Masanori]]
<!-- not in the article <br />[[File:Kuyo.svg|15px]] [[Toda Katsutaka]] -->
<br />[[File:Nanatsukatabami.svg|15px]] [[Chōsokabe Motochika]]
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Japanese Crest Matura mitu Hosi.svg|15px]] [[Matsura Shigenobu]]-->
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:Japanese crest Tuta.svg|15px]] [[Tōdō Takatora]]
<!-- and except from dying ? <br />[[File:Murakami crest.jpg|15px]] [[Kurushima Michifusa]]{{KIA}}-->
<!-- and except from dying ? <br />[[File:Murakami crest.jpg|15px]] [[:ja:得居通幸|Kurushima Michiyuki]]{{KIA}} -->
<br />[[File:Japanese crest Arima Mokkou.svg|15px]] [[Arima Harunobu]]
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Mon Akizuki.jpg|15px]] [[Takahashi Mototane]] -->
<br />[[File:Mon Akizuki.jpg|15px]] [[Akizuki Tanenaga]]
<br />[[File:Iori-mokko.jpg|15px]] [[Itō Suketaka]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Shichiyoumon.svg|15px]] [[Kuki Yoshitaka]]
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:Wachigai.svg|15px]] [[Wakisaka Yasuharu]]
<br />[[File:Japanese crest Arima Mokkou.svg|15px]] [[Ōmura Yoshiaki]]
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Japanese crest Sagara Umebachi.svg|15px]] [[Sagara Yorifusa]]-->
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Japanese Crest soroi Futatu Hiki.svg|15px]] [[Gotō Sumiharu]]-->
<br />[[File:Mukaichou.jpg|15px]] [[Ōtani Yoshitsugu]]
<br />[[File:Japanese Crest Kuroda Fuji tomoe.svg|15px]] [[:ja:長谷川秀一|Hasegawa Hidekazu]]
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Ikeda prince de Bizen.svg|15px]] [[Ikeda Hideo]]-->
<br />[[File:蒲生対い鶴.png|15px]] [[Gamō Ujisato]]
<!-- not here <br />[[Mitaira Saemon]]-->
<!-- not here <br />[[File:Maruni-gosano-kiri.jpg|15px]] [[:ja:大矢野種基|Ōyano Tanemoto]]{{KIA}} -->
<!-- keep --><br />[[File:大一大万大吉.svg|15px]] [[Ishida Mitsunari]]
<!-- not here <br />[[Image:Alex K Hiroshima Asano (color).svg|15px]] [[Asano Nagamasa]]-->
<!-- <br />[[Image:Alex K Hiroshima Asano (color).svg|15px]] [[Asano Yoshinaga]]-->
<!-- and except from "taking part" ? <br />[[Mashita Nagamori]] -->
<!-- and except from "being there" ? <br />[[Nakagawa Hidenari]] -->
<!-- and except from dying ? <br />[[Nakagawa Hidemasa]]{{KIA}} -->
<!-- maybe ? Mōri Yoshinari -->
| strength1 = '''Joseon:'''<br />
84.500+{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=269}}–192,000<ref name="thoughtco">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200714204302/https://www.thoughtco.com/the-imjin-war-1592-98-4016849 The Imjin War, 1592-98]</ref> (termasuk pelaut dan pejuang pemberontak)<ref name="thoughtco"/><br />300 kapal (200 ditenggelamkan di awal perang){{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=148}} <br />
'''Ming:'''<br />
'''ke-1. (1592-1593)'''<br />
48.000{{sfn|Swope|2009|p=333}}{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=338}}{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=305}}<br />
'''ke-2. (1597-1598)'''<br />
75.000–98.000 tentara (termasuk bala bantuan angkatan laut
){{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=439}}<ref name="critic">{{Cite web|url=https://greatmingmilitary.blogspot.com/2019/08/critique-samuel-hawley-p2.html|title = A critique of Samuel Hawley's the Imjin War: Japan's Sixteenth-Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China — Part 2: The second invasion | Great Ming Military}}</ref><br />
Total: 166.700 Ming{{sfn|Swope|2009|p=8}}<ref>Li Guangtao's estimate</ref><Br>192.000 Joseon<ref name="thoughtco"/><br />
|
'''ke-1. (1592)'''<br />
158.800{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=105}} (termasuk buruh dan pelaut)<ref name="thoughtco"/><br />
700 kapal pengangkut{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=115}}<br />
300 kapal perang{{sfn|Hawley|p=116}}<br />
'''ke-2. (1597–1598)'''<br />
141.900{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=433}}<br />
1.000 kapal (beberapa dipersenjatai dengan meriam){{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=446}}<br />
Total: ~300.000{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=105}}{{sfn|Hawley|2005|p=433}}
| casualties1 = '''Joseon:''' 1.000.000+
kematian sipil dan militer<ref name="thoughtco"/> (termasuk 260.000+ tentara tewas atau terluka)<br />
20.000–100.000 tawanan<ref name="aftermath">[https://aftermath.uab.cat/about/#:~:text=What%20was%20the%20human%20impact,of%20records%20during%20the%20war. Aftermath of the East Asian war of 1592-1598]</ref><br />
157 kapal<ref>Siege of Ulsan, 20,000+ killed, https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7320 History of the Ming chapter 320 "士卒物故者二萬". Battle of Sacheon (1598), 30,000+ killed, Turnbull, Stephen; Samurai Invasion: Japan's Korean War 1592–98. London: Cassell & Co, 2002, p. 222.</ref>
'''Ming:''' ~36.000 terbunuh{{sfn|Turnbull|2002|p=222}}{{sfn|Turnbull|2002|p=230}}
| casualties2 = '''Rezim Toyotomi:''' 100.000+<ref name = "thoughtco"/><br />
tawanan tak dikenal<ref name="aftermath"/><br />
500+ kapal<ref name="Turnbull, Stephen. 2002, p. 229.">Turnbull, Stephen. 2002, p. 229.</ref>
|campaignbox=
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| nkhangul = 임진조국전쟁
| nkhanja = 壬辰祖國戰爭
| nkmr = Imjin choguk chŏnjaeng
| skhangul = 임진왜란
| skhanja = 壬辰倭亂
| skrr = Imjin waeran
| kanji = 文禄の役 (1592-1593)<br />慶長の役 (1597-1598)
| hiragana = ぶんろくのえき<br />けいちょうのえき
| romaji = Bunroku no Eki<br />Keichō no Eki
| t = 萬曆朝鮮之役
| s = 万历朝鲜之役
| p = Wànlì Cháoxiǎn zhī yì
| y = Maahn lihk Jīusīn jī yihk
}}
'''Invasi Korea oleh Jepang
Invasi ini
Pada tahun 1597, Jepang memperbarui serangannya dengan menyerbu Korea untuk kedua kalinya. Pola invasi kedua mencerminkan sebagian besar dari pola invasi pertama. Jepang memiliki keberhasilan awal di darat, merebut beberapa kota dan benteng,
Dengan kematian Hideyoshi pada tahun 1598, serangan terbatas di darat dan mengalami gangguan pasokan logistik angkatan laut Joseon, pasukan Jepang di Korea diperintahkan untuk mundur kembali ke Jepang oleh [[Dewan Lima Tetua]] yang baru memerintah. Negosiasi damai akhirnya tercapai antara kedua pihak dan berlanjut selama beberapa tahun, yang pada akhirnya menghasilkan normalisasi hubungan.
== Nama ==
Di Korea, invasi pertama (1592-1593) dalam bahasa Jepang disebut Imjin yang berarti
Di
Di Jepang, perang ini disebut ''"Bunroku no eki"'' (文 禄 の 役). Bunroku mengacu pada nama era Jepang yang dipimpin [[Kaisar Go-Yōzei]] dari tahun 1592 hingga 1596. Invasi kedua (1597-1598) disebut ''"Keichō no eki"'' (慶 長 の 役). Di [[zaman Edo]] (abad 17-19), perang ini disebut ''"Kara iri"'' (唐 入 り) yang berarti "masuk ke Tiongkok" karena tujuan utama Jepang saat memulai invasi adalah penaklukan dinasti Ming Tiongkok. Meskipun pada kenyataannya, konflik tersebut sebagian besar terbatas di area Semenanjung Korea, pasukan Toyotomi Hideyoshi mengubah tujuan tersebut selama operasi perang.
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Daftar pertempuran dalam Invasi
* [[Daftar pertempuran laut dalam Invasi
* [[Sejarah
* [[Sungbyong]]
* [[Invasi
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.h4.dion.ne.jp/~room4me/korea/bunroku.htm Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Korean Invasions: the Bunroku Campaign (1592–93)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050405141401/http://www.h4.dion.ne.jp/~room4me/korea/bunroku.htm |date=2005-04-05 }}
* [http://www.chungdong.or.kr/middroom/syshim/%C7%D1%B1%B9%BB%E7/k-3-9.htm 임진왜란]{{Pranala mati|date=Februari 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.e-sunshin.com/e-sunshin/life/yimjin_04.jsp The Battles of Imjin Waeran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427072503/http://www.e-sunshin.com/e-sunshin/life/yimjin_04.jsp |date=2007-04-27 }}
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{{reflist}}
{{Topik Dinasti Ming}}
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[[Kategori:Sejarah Jepang]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Korea]]
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