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{{Tanpa kutipan|date=Januari 2024}}
{{Literatur Rabinik}}▼
{{Jew}}
[[Berkas:Bomberg Talmud.JPG|jmpl|Halaman pertama dari [[Talmud Babilonia]], Traktat Berachot, folio 2a]]▼
'''Talmud''' ([[bahasa Ibrani]]: תלמוד) adalah catatan tentang diskusi para [[rabi]] yang berkaitan dengan [[Halakha|hukum Yahudi]], [[etika Yahudi|etika]], kebiasaan dan sejarah. Talmud mempunyai dua komponen: [[Mishnah]], yang merupakan kumpulan Hukum Lisan Yudaisme pertama yang ditulis; dan [[Gemara]], diskusi mengenai Mishnah dan tulisan-tulisan yang terkait dengan [[Tannaim]] yang sering membahas topik-topik lain dan secara luas menguraikan [[Tanakh]]. Istilah ''Talmud'' dan ''Gemara'' sering kali digunakan bergantian. Gemara adalah dasar dari semua aturan dari [[Halakha|hukum rabinik]] dan banyak dikutip dalam [[literatur rabinik]] yang lain. Keseluruhan Talmud biasanya juga dirujuk sebagai '''{{lang-he|ש״ס}}''' ('''Shas'''; baca: Syas), singkatan [[bahasa Ibrani]] untuk ''shishah sedarim'', atau "enam tatanan" Mishnah.
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Hukum lisan tertua yang dicatat kemungkinan dalam bentuk [[midrash]]i. Di sini diskusi halakhik disusun sebagai tafsiran [[eksegesis|eksegetis]] terhadap [[Torah|Pentateukh]]. Tetapi sebuah bentuk alternatifnya, yang disusun menurut topiknya dan bukan menurut ayat-ayat Alkitab, menjadi dominan pada sekitar tahun 200 M., ketika [[Judah haNasi|Rabi Judah haNasi]] meredaksi [[Mishnah]] (משנה).
▲[[Berkas:Bomberg Talmud.JPG|jmpl|Halaman pertama dari [[Talmud Babilonia]], Traktat Berachot, folio 2a]]
▲{{Literatur Rabinik}}
== Mishnah ==
''Mishnah'' (משנה) adalah kompilasi pandangan dan perdebatan hukum. Namanya sendiri berarti "redaksi", dari kata kerja ''shanah'' שנה, yang berarti "mengulangi" atau "meninjau". Nama ini mungkin merupakan petunjuk pada metode studi wacana rabinik dengan cara mengulang-ulang secara lisan.
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== Referensi ==
<references />
=== Umum ===
* [[Maimonides]] ''Introduction to the [[Mishneh Torah]]'' ([http://www.mechon-mamre.org/e/e0000.htm English translation])
* [[Maimonides]] ''Introduction to the [[Maimonides#Works and bibliography|Commentary on the Mishnah]]'' ([http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/mahshevt/hakdama/tohen-m-2.htm Hebrew Fulltext]), transl. Zvi Lampel (Judaica Press, 1998). ISBN 1-880582-28-7
* [[Adin Steinsaltz]] ''The Talmud: A Reference Guide'' (Random House, 1996). ISBN 0-679-77367-3
* [[Adin Steinsaltz]] ''The Essential Talmud'' (Basic Books, 1984). ISBN 0-465-02063-1; see also [http://www.steinsaltz.org/dynamic/essay_details.asp?id=6&sub=1 here] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060525191901/http://www.steinsaltz.org/dynamic/essay_details.asp?id=6&sub=1 |date=2006-05-25 }}
* [[Zvi Hirsch Chajes]] ''"Mevo Hatalmud"'', transl. Jacob Shachter: ''The Students' Guide Through The Talmud'' (Yashar Books, 2005). ISBN 1-933143-05-3
* [[Shmuel Hanaggid]] ''Introduction to the Talmud'', in Aryeh Carmell ''Aiding Talmud Study'' (Philipp Feldheim, 1986). ISBN 0-87306-428-3
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* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=32&letter=T Talmud], jewishencyclopedia.com
* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=33&letter=T Talmud Commentaries], jewishencyclopedia.com
* [http://www.aish.com/literacy/jewishhistory/Crash_Course_in_Jewish_History_Part_39_-_Talmud.asp Jewish History: Talmud] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141118034335/http://www.aish.com/literacy/jewishhistory/Crash_Course_in_Jewish_History_Part_39_-_Talmud.asp |date=2014-11-18 }}, aish.com
* [http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/talmud_&_mishna.html Talmud/Mishna/Gemara], jewishvirtuallibrary.org
* [http://library.law.miami.edu/jewishguide.html Jewish Law Research Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404033745/http://library.law.miami.edu/jewishguide.html |date=2005-04-04 }}, [[University of Miami]] Law Library
* [http://ohr.edu/judaism/survey/survey.htm A survey of rabbinic literature], [[Ohr Somayach]]
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* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/talmud.htm Rodkinson English translation] (1903, parts only).
* [http://www.e-daf.com Images of each page of the Babylonian Talmud].
* [http://www.mashvinan.com Talmud computerized synopsis of multiple manuscripts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311111000/http://www.mashvinan.com/ |date=2007-03-11 }}
=== Layout Talmudik ===
* [http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/TalmudPage.html "A Page from the Babylonian Talmud"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091016224130/http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~elsegal/TalmudPage.html |date=2009-10-16 }} [[image map]] from Prof. Eliezer Segal
* [http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rs/2/Judaism/talmud.html Talmud and its Shape: colour coded ''daf''], upenn.edu
* [http://www.wujs.org.il/activist/learning/guide/page.shtml A page of Talmud] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060831082924/http://www.wujs.org.il/activist/learning/guide/page.shtml |date=2006-08-31 }} from the World Union of Jewish Students (WUJS)
* [http://www.steinsaltz.org/dynamic/content.asp?id=17 A Tour of the English-language Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090228013952/http://steinsaltz.org/dynamic/content.asp?id=17 |date=2009-02-28 }}
* [http://www.shemayisrael.co.il/dafyomi2/today.htm point by point summary and discussion by ''daf'']
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* [http://www.dafyomi.org/ A general resource for Daf Yomi]
* [http://www.shemayisrael.co.il/dafyomi2/calendars/calendar.htm Calendar for this Daf Yomi cycle]
* [http://www.mishnaofthedaf.org/mishna.php Mishnah corresponding to the daily Daf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051210191522/http://www.mishnaofthedaf.org/mishna.php |date=2005-12-10 }}
* [http://www.DafAWeek.com Daf-A-Week: A project to study a daf per week]
* [http://www.steinsaltz.org/dynamic/content.asp?id=20 Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz's Daily Insights on Daf Yomi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423231822/http://www.steinsaltz.org/dynamic/content.asp?id=20 |date=2008-04-23 }}
=== Bantahan terhadap tuduhan bahwa Talmud bersifat anti-Semit ===
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* [http://www.mp3shiur.com/viewCat.asp?catID=7 Shiurim on the Talmud], mp3shiur.com
{{Kitab suci}}
[[Kategori:Talmud| ]]
[[Kategori:Alkitab Ibrani]]
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