Sosialisme demokratis: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{redirect|Sosialis demokratikdemokratis|daftar partai dengan nama yang sama|Partai Sosialis DemokratikDemokratis (disambiguasi){{!}}Partai Sosialis DemokratikDemokratis}}

'''Sosialisme demokrasi''' adalah [[filosofi politik]] yang menganjurkan [[Demokrasi langsung|demokrasi]] yang dilaksanakan bersamaan dengan [[kepemilikan sosial]] langsung atas [[alat produksi]],<ref>Busky, Donald F. (20 July 2000). ''Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey''. Praeger. pp. 7–8. {{ISBN|978-0275968861}}. "Democratic socialism is the wing of the socialist movement that combines a belief in a socially owned economy with that of political democracy."</ref> dengan penekanan pada [[Manajemen mandiri pekerja|manajemen mandiri]] dan [[Demokrasi tempat kerja|manajemen demokrasi]] institusi ekonomi dalam suatu [[Ekonomi pasar#sosialisme pasar|pasar]] atau suatu bentuk [[ekonomi sosialis]] [[Perencanaan terdesentralisasi (ekonomi)|terencana yang terdesentralisasi]].<ref>Anderson, Gary L.; Herr, Kathryn G. (2007). ''Encyclopedia of Activism and Social Justice''. SAGE Publications. p. 448. {{ISBN|978-1412918121}}. "Some have endorsed the concept of market socialism, a post-capitalist economy that retains market competition but socialises the means of production, and in some versions, extends democracy to the workplace. Some holdout for a non-market, participatory economy. All democratic socialists agree on the need for a democratic alternative to capitalism."</ref> Sosialis demokratikdemokratis menganut bahwa kapitalisme secara inheren tidak sesuai dengan apa yang mereka percaya sebagai nilai-nilai demokrasi seperti kebebasan, kesetaraan dan solidaritas. Mereka percaya juga bahwa cita-cita tersebut hanya dapat dicapai melalui realisasi [[Corak produksi sosialis#Corak produksi|masyarakat sosialis]]. Sosialisme demokratikdemokratis dapat mendukung politik [[Sosialisme revolusioner|revolusioner]] maupun [[Sosialisme reformis|reformis]] sebagai sarana untuk membangun sosialisme.<ref name=":1">Kurian, George Thomas; Alt, James E.; Chambers, Simone; Garrett, Geoffrey; Levi, Margaret; McClain Paula D. (12 October 2010). ''The Encyclopedia of Political Science Set''. CQ Press. p. 401. {{ISBN|978-1933116440}}. "Though some democratic socialists reject the revolutionary model and advocate a peaceful transformation to socialism carried out by democratic means, they also reject the social democratic view that capitalist societies can be successfully reformed through extensive state intervention within capitalism. In the view of democratic socialists, capitalism, based on the primacy of private property, generates inherent inequalities of wealth and power and a dominant egoism that are incompatible with the democratic values of freedom, equality, and solidarity. Only a socialist society can fully realise democratic practices. The internal conflicts within capitalism require a transition to socialism. Private property must be superseded by a form of collective ownership."</ref>

Dalam istilah sosialisme demokratikdemokratis, kata sifat demokratikdemokratis digunakan untuk membedakan sosialis demokratikdemokratis dengan sosialisme yang terilhami [[Marxisme-Leninisme]], yang dipandang banyak orang dalam praktiknya sebagai tidak [[demokratis]] atau [[Otoritarianisme|otoriter]].<ref>Busky, Donald F. (20 July 2000). ''Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey''. Praeger. pp. 7–8. {{ISBN|978-0275968861}}. "Sometimes simply called socialism, more often than not, the adjective democratic is added by democratic socialists to attempt to distinguish themselves from Communists who also call themselves socialists. All but communists, or more accurately, Marxist-Leninists, believe that modern-day communism is highly undemocratic and totalitarian in practice, and democratic socialists wish to emphasise by their name that they disagree strongly with the Marxist-Leninist brand of socialism."</ref><ref>Kurian, George Thomas; Alt, James E.; Chambers, Simone; Garrett, Geoffrey; Levi, Margaret; McClain Paula D. (12 October 2010). ''The Encyclopedia of Political Science Set''. CQ Press. p. 401. {{ISBN|978-1933116440}}. "Democratic socialism is a term meant to distinguish a form of socialism that falls somewhere between authoritarian and centralised forms of socialism on the one hand and social democracy on the other. The rise of authoritarian socialism in the twentieth century in the Soviet Union and its sphere of influence generated this new distinction."</ref> Sosialis demokrat menentang sistem politik [[Stalinisme|Stalinis]] dan [[perencanaan ekonomi tipe Soviet]], menolak bentuk pemerintahan yang dianggap otoriter dan [[ekonomi komando]] yang sangat tersentralisasi seperti di [[Uni Soviet]] dan [[Daftar negara sosialis|negara Marxis-Leninis]] lainnya pada awal abad ke-20.<ref>Prychito, David L. (31 July 2002). ''Markets, Planning, and Democracy: Essays After the Collapse of Communism''. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 72. {{ISBN|978-1840645194}}. "It is perhaps less clearly understood that advocates of democratic socialism (who are committed to socialism in the above sense but opposed to Stalinist-style command planning) advocate a decentralised socialism, whereby the planning process itself (the integration of all productive units into one huge organisation) would follow the workers’ self-management principle."</ref> Sosialisme demokratikdemokratis dibedakan dengan konsep [[demokrasi sosial]] abad ke-20 atas dasar bahwa sosialis demokrat lebih berkomitmen pada transformasi ekonomi dari [[kapitalisme]] menuju [[sosialisme]] dengan menggunakan sarana [[pemerintahan]]; sedangkan demokrat sosial modern menentang [[Antikapitalisme|penghapusan total kapitalisme]] dan sebaliknya mendukung reformasi [[Progresivisme|progresif]] dari kapitalisme.

Berbeda dengan demokrat sosial modern, kaum sosialis demokrat percaya bahwa reformasi yang bertujuan mengatasi [[kesenjangan sosial]] dan [[Intervensionisme ekonomi|intervensi negara]] yang ditujukan untuk menekan [[Kritik terhadap kapitalisme|kontradiksi ekonomi kapitalisme]] hanya akan membuat kapitalisme muncul di lain tempat dengan kedok yang berbeda. Sosialis demokrat percaya bahwa permasalahan sistemik kapitalisme hanya dapat diselesaikan dengan mengganti [[Corak produksi kapitalis (teori Marxis)|sistem ekonomi kapitalis]] dengan [[Corak produksi sosialis|sosialisme]] — yaitu dengan mengganti [[kepemilikan pribadi]] dengan [[kepemilikan kolektif]] atas alat produksi dan [[Demokrasi industri|memperluas demokrasi ke ranah ekonomi]].<ref name=":1"/><ref>Anderson, Gary L.; Herr, Kathryn G. (2007). ''Encyclopedia of Activism and Social Justice''. SAGE Publications. p. 447. {{ISBN|978-1412918121}}. "[...] the division between social democrats and democratic socialists. The former had made peace with capitalism and concentrated on humanising the system. Social democrats supported and tried to strengthen the basic institutions of the welfare state--pensions for all, public health care, public education, unemployment insurance. They supported and tried to strengthen the labour movement. The latter, as socialists, argued that capitalism could never be sufficiently humanised, and that trying to suppress the economic contradictions in one area would only see them emerge in a different guise elsewhere. (E.g., if you push unemployment too low, you'll get inflation; if job security is too strong, labour discipline breaks down.)"</ref> Asal-usul sosialisme demokratikdemokratis dapat ditelusuri ke pemikir [[Sosialisme utopis|sosialis utopis]] abad ke-19 dan gerakan [[Chartisme]] Britania. Meski berbeda dalam detailnya, tetapi sama dalam esensi pengambilan keputusan demokratis dan kepemilikan publik atas alat produksi sebagai karakteristik positif dari masyarakat yang mereka anjurkan. Pada awal abad ke-20, [[reformisme]] [[Gradualisme|gradualis]] demokrat sosial yang dianjurkan oleh [[Fabian Society|Masyarakat Fabian]] Britania dan [[sosialisme revolusioner]]nya [[Eduard Bernstein]]<ref>[[Eduard Bernstein|Bernstein, Eduard]] (1899). [https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/bernstein/works/1899/evsoc/index.htm "Evolutionary Socialism"]. [[Marxists Internet Archive]]. Retrieved 14 May 2019.</ref> di Jerman juga mempengaruhi perkembangan sosialisme demokratikdemokratis.<ref>[[Lyman Tower Sargent|Sargent, Lyman Tower]] (2008). "The Principles of Democratic Socialism". ''Contemporary Political Ideologies: A Comparative Analysis, 14th Edition''. Wadsworth Publishing. p. 118. {{ISBN|978-0495569398}}. "Still, the origins of contemporary democratic socialism are best located in the early to mid-nineteenth century writings of the so-called utopian socialists, Robert Owen (1771-1858), Charles Fourier (1772-1837), Claude-Henri Saint-Simon (1760-1825), and Etienne Cabet (1788-1856). All these writers proposed village communities combining industrial and agricultural production, owned in varying ways, by the inhabitants themselves. Thus the essence of early socialism was public ownership of the means of production. These theorists also included varying forms of democratic political decision making, but they all distrusted the ability of people raised under capitalism to understand what was in their own best interest."</ref>

Sosialisme demokratikdemokratis didefinisikan dengan memiliki [[ekonomi sosialis]] di mana [[alat produksi]] (termasuk kekayaan) dimiliki atau dikendalikan [[Sosialisasi (Marxisme)|secara sosial]] dan [[Kepemilikan umum|kolektif]], bersamaan dengan sistem pemerintahan yang secara politik [[Demokrasi|demokratis]]. Sosialisme demokratikdemokratis menolak [[Marxisme-Leninisme]] dan turunannya seperti [[Stalinisme]], [[Maoisme]] dan lainnya.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3joQKjDtn4wC|title=Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey|last=Busky|first=Donald F.|date=July 20, 2000|publisher=Praeger|isbn=978-0275968861|pages=7–8|quote=Sometimes simply called socialism, more often than not, the adjective democratic is added by democratic socialists to attempt to distinguish themselves from Communists who also call themselves socialists. All but communists, or more accurately, Marxist-Leninists, believe that modern-day communism is highly undemocratic and totalitarian in practice, and democratic socialists wish to emphasise by their name that they disagree strongly with the Marxist-Leninist brand of socialism.}}</ref> [[Peter Hain]] mengklasifikasikan sosialisme demokratikdemokratis bersama dengan [[sosialisme liberal]] sebagai bentuk [[sosialisme dari bawah]] [[antiotoritarian]] (menggunakan istilah yang dipopulerkan [[Hal Draper]]), berbeda dengan Stalinisme, sebuah varian dari [[sosialisme negara]]. Bagi Hain, kesenjangan [[Demokrasi|demokratis]]/[[Otoritarianisme|otoriter]] ini lebih penting daripada kesenjangan [[Sosialisme revolusioner|revolusioner]]/[[Sosialisme reformis|reformis]].<ref>[[Peter Hain|Hain, Peter]] (1995). ''Ayes to the Left''. Lawrence and Wishart.</ref> Partisipasi aktif penduduk secara keseluruhan dan pekerja secara khusus dalam pengelolaan ekonomi merupakan ciri sosialisme demokratikdemokratis, sementara [[nasionalisasi]] dan [[perencanaan ekonomi]] tersentralisasi (dikendalikan oleh pemerintahan terpilih atau tidak) adalah ciri dari sosialisme negara. Argumen serupa yang lebih kompleks dikemukakan oleh [[Nicos Poulantzas]].<ref>"[http://www.newleftreview.org/?page=article&view=1242 Towards a Democratic Socialism]," ''New Left Review'' I/109, May–June 1978.</ref> Draper sendiri menggunakan istilah sosialisme revolusioner-demokratis sebagai tipe sosialisme dari bawah dalam ''[[The Two Souls of Socialism]]'', dia menulis: "Pembicara utama di [[Internasional Kedua]] tentang Sosialisme-dari-Bawah revolusioner-demokratis [...] adalah [[Rosa Luxemburg]], yang dengan tegas menempatkan kepercayaan dan harapannya pada perjuangan spontan kelas pekerja bebas sehingga pembuat mitos menciptakan "[[Spontanitas revolusioner|teori spontanitas]]".{{sfn|Draper|1966|loc=Chapter 7: ''The "Revisionist" Facade''}} Demikian pula, dia juga menulis tentang [[Eugene V. Debs]]: "sosialisme Debsian" membangkitkan respon luar biasa dari hati rakyat, tetapi Debs tidak memiliki penerus sebagai mimbar sosialisme revolusioner-demokratis".{{sfn|Draper|1966|loc=Chapter 8: ''The 100% American Scene''}}

[[Progressive Alliance]] adalah [[internasional politik]] yang didirikan pada 22 Mei 2013 oleh partai-partai politik, yang sebagian besar di antaranya merupakan anggota dan mantan anggota [[Sosialis Internasional]]. Organisasi ini menyatakan tujuannya untuk menjadi jaringan global "gerakan [[Progresivisme|progresif]], [[Demokrasi|demokratis]], [[Demokrasi sosial|demokratis-sosial]], [[Sosialisme|sosialis]] dan [[Gerakan buruh|buruh]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://progressive-alliance.info/basic-document/|title=Basic document|publisher=Progressive Alliance|accessdate=23 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spd.de/scalableImageBlob/84620/data/20121217_progressive_alliance_abschlussstatement-data.pdf|title=A Progressive Network for the 21st Century|accessdate=23 May 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304064047/http://www.spd.de/scalableImageBlob/84620/data/20121217_progressive_alliance_abschlussstatement-data.pdf|archivedate=4 March 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Sebagai sebuah istilah, sosialisme demokratikdemokratis menjadi sinonim dengan demokrasi sosial dalam [[Politik Amerika Serikat|politik Amerika]] baru-baru ini akibat kebijakan demokrat sosial yang diadopsi oleh kaum progresif dan reformis liberal seperti presiden dari [[Partai Demokrat (Amerika Serikat)|Demokrat]], [[Woodrow Wilson]] dan [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]], yang mengarah pada [[koalisi New Deal]] untuk mereformasi kapitalisme, tidak seperti sosialis di Eropa Barat dan tetap seperti itu meski keliru.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/03/bernie-sanders-democratic-socialism/471630/|title=Bernie Is Not a Socialist and America Is Not Capitalist|work=The Atlantic|accessdate=4 January 2019}}</ref> Pada 30 November 2018, The Sanders Institute dari [[Bernie Sanders]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/bernie-sanders-turns-focus-to-the-white-house-and-the-world/2018/12/01/dc01f7ae-f4f1-11e8-80d0-f7e1948d55f4_story.html|title=Bernie Sanders turns focus to the White House and the world|last=Wegel|first=David|work=[[The Washington Post]]|date=1 December 2018|accessdate=2 December 2018}}</ref> dan [[Gerakan Demokrasi di Eropa 2025]] dari [[Yanis Varoufakis]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/dec/01/liberal-world-order-new-international-yanis-varoufakis-david-adler|title=We shouldn't rush to save the liberal order. We should remake it|last1=Adler|first1=David|last2=Varoufakis|first2=Yanis|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=1 December 2018|accessdate=2 December 2018}}</ref> mendirikan [[Progresif Internasional]], sebuah [[organisasi politik]] internasional yang menyatukan sosialis demokratikdemokratis dengan aktivis buruh, sayap kiri, progresif dan demokrat sosial.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.progressive-international.org/open-call/|title=An Open Call to All Progressive Forces|publisher=Progressive International|date=30 November 2018|accessdate=2 December 2018}}</ref>

{{main|Sosialisme di Kanada|11=Sosialisme demokratikdemokratis di Kanada}}

{{see also|Sejarah gerakan sosialis di Amerika Serikat|Kiri Amerika#Demokrat sosial dan sosialis demokratikdemokratis|l2=Partai Demokrat sosial dan sosialis demokratikdemokratis di Amerika Serikat}}

Di Kanada, sosialis demokratikdemokratis [[Federasi Persemakmuran Koperasi]] (CCF), pendahulu demokrat sosial [[Partai Demokratis Baru (Kanada)|Partai Demokratis Baru]] (NDP), memiliki keberhasilan yang signifikan dalam perpolitikan provinsi. Pada 1944, CCF Saskatchewan membentuk pemerintahan sosialis pertama di Amerika Utara. Di tingkat federal, NDP menjadi [[Oposisi Resmi (Kanada)|Oposisi Resmi]] pada 2011-2015.

Di Filipina, partai utama yang berkampanye untuk sosialisme demokratikdemokratis adalah [[Partai Aksi Warganegara Akbayan]]. Partai ini didirikan oleh Joel Rocamora pada Januari 1998 sebagai partai sosialis demokratikdemokratis<ref name="HistoricalDictionaryp26">{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of the Philippines|last=Artemio|first=Guillermo|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-8108-7246-2|pages=26}}</ref> dan [[Progresivisme|progresif]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://akbayan.org.ph/who-we-are|title=About Akbayan - Akbayan Party List|website=Akbayan.org.ph|accessdate=27 July 2018|archive-date=2018-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727181156/https://akbayan.org.ph/who-we-are|dead-url=yes}}</ref> yang secara konsisten memenangkan kursi di [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Filipina|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat]], dengan [[Etta Rosales]] sebagai perwakilan pertamanya. Partai ini mendapat kursi Senat pertamanya pada 2016 ketika ketuanya, senator dan nominee [[Penghargaan Nobel Perdamaian]], [[Risa Hontiveros]] terpilih.<ref>[https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/duterte-s-latest-female-target-sees-history-repeating-itself-20180710-p4zqlq.html "Duterte's latest female target sees history repeating itself"].</ref>

Partai sosialis demokratikdemokratis lainnya di Asia termasuk [[Partai Persatuan Nasional Afghanistan]]; [[Aksi Lima April]] di Hong Kong; [[Kongres Trinamool Seluruh India]], [[Partai Samajwadi]], [[Partai Samta]], dan [[Front DemokratikDemokratis Sikkim]] di India; [[Partai Sosialis Progresif]] di Lebanon; [[Forum Sosialis Federal, Nepal|Forum Sosialis Federal]] dan [[Partai Naya Shakti, Nepal|Partai Naya Shakti]] di Nepal; [[Partai Buruh (Korea Selatan)|Partai Buruh]] di Korea Selatan; serta [[Partai Rakyat DemokratikDemokratis Suriah]] dan [[Uni Sosialis Arab DemokratikDemokratis]] di Suriah.

Beberapa tahun terakhir Australia mengalami peningkatan dalam minat sosialisme, khususnya di kalangan anak muda.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/poll-shows-58-%E2%80%98millennials%E2%80%99-australia-favourable-socialism|title=Poll shows 58% of 'Millennials' in Australia favourable to socialism|last=Boyle|first=Peter|work=Green Left Review|accessdate=22 August 2018}}</ref> Paling kuat ada di [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], di mana tiga partai sosialis bergabung menjadi [[Sosialis Victoria]], bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan perumahan dan transportasi. Selandia Baru juga memiliki iklim sosialis, meski sebagian besar didominasi oleh kelompok [[Trotskyisme|Trotskyis]].Di Melanesia, [[sosialisme Melanesia]] berkembang pada 1980-an, terinspirasi dari [[sosialisme Afrika]]. Bertujuan untuk mencapai kemerdekaan penuh dari Britania dan Prancis di wilayah Melanesia dan membentuk uni federal Melanesia. Gerakan ini populer dengan [[Front Pembebasan Nasional Kanak dan Sosialis|gerakan kemerdekaan Kaledonia Baru]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lyons|first=Kate|date=2018-11-01|title=New Caledonia's independence referendum: what you need to know|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/01/new-caledonias-independence-referendum-what-you-need-to-know|work=The Guardian|access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref>

Secara historis, sosialisme demokratikdemokratis telah berkomitmen pada perencanaan ekonomi di mana unit-unit produksi diintegrasikan ke dalam suatu organisasi tunggal dan diorganisir berdasarkan manajemen mandiri, bertentangan dengan [[Perencanaan ekonomi tipe Soviet|perencanaan komando tipe Soviet]].<ref name="Prychito 72">{{cite book|title=Markets, Planning, and Democracy: Essays After the Collapse of Communism|url=https://archive.org/details/marketsplanningd0000pryc|last=Prychito|first=David L.|date=July 31, 2002|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-1840645194|pages=[https://archive.org/details/marketsplanningd0000pryc/page/n81 72]|quote=It is perhaps less clearly understood that advocates of democratic socialism (who are committed to socialism in the above sense but opposed to Stalinist-style command planning) advocate a decentralized socialism, whereby the planning process itself (the integration of all productive units into one huge organization) would follow the workers' self-management principle.}}</ref> Misalnya, [[Eugene V. Debs]] dan [[Norman Thomas]], keduanya adalah kandidat presiden AS dari [[Partai Sosialis Amerika]], memahami sosialisme sebagai sistem ekonomi yang disusun berdasarkan [[produksi untuk penggunaan]] dan [[kepemilikan sosial]] sebagai pengganti [[Produksi untuk profit|sistem profit]] dan [[kepemilikan pribadi]].<ref name="The Socialist Party's Appeal, 1912">Debs, Eugene V (1912). "The Socialist Party's Appeal". ''The Independent''.</ref><ref>{{cite speech|title=Is the New Deal Socialism?|last=Thomas|first=Norman|url=http://www.chicagodsa.org/thomasnewdeal.html|publisher=Chicago Democratic Socialists of America|date=2 February 1936|accessdate=28 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100712163131/http://www.chicagodsa.org/thomasnewdeal.html|archivedate=12 July 2010|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}} {{WebarchiveCite web |url=http://www.chicagodsa.org/thomasnewdeal.html |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2019-05-18 |archive-date=2010-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100712163131/http://www.chicagodsa.org/thomasnewdeal.html |date=2010dead-07-12url=yes }}</ref>

Pendukung kontemporer sosialisme pasar berpendapat bahwa alasan utama kekurangan ekonomi dari ekonomi terencana tipe Soviet adalah kegagalan mereka untuk membuat kriteria aturan dan operasional untuk operasi yang efisien bagi badan usaha negara, serta kombinasi dengan kurangnya demokrasi dalam sistem politik.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gregory and Stuart|first=Paul and Robert|title=Comparing Economic Systems in the Twenty-First|url=https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000greg|publisher=South-Western College Pub|year=2003|isbn=0-618-26181-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/comparingeconomi0000greg/page/152 152]|quote=[...] market socialism's contemporary supporters argue that planned socialism failed because it was based on totalitarianism rather than democracy and that it failed to create rules for the efficient operation of state enterprises.}}</ref>

== Partai sosialis demokratikdemokratis di parlemen ==

{{see also|Daftar partai dan organisasi sosialis demokratikdemokratis |Daftar partai sosialis demokratikdemokratis yang pernah memerintah}}

Di bawah ini merupakan daftar partai yang memiliki ideologi sosialisme demokratikdemokratis atau sebagiannya, dan saat ini memiliki perwakilan di badan legislatif di negaranya.

|style="background:#FFBABA"|Kiri Sosialis DemokratikDemokratis<ref name="San Marino parties">Nordsieck, Wolfram. [http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/sanmarino.html "Parties and Elections in Europe"]. ''parties-and-elections.eu''. Retrieved 18 January 2019.</ref>

|[[Partai DemokratikDemokratis Baru]]{{ref|socialdemocracy|1}}

|[[Partai DemokratikDemokratis Rakyat (Turki)|Partai DemokratikDemokratis Rakyat]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Ozcelik|first1=Burcu|title=What the HDP Success Means for Turkey|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2015/06/11/what-hdp-success-means-for-turkey/i9q2|publisher=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]|date=11 June 2015|quote=The pro-Kurdish democratic socialist Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) [...].}}</ref><ref>Nordsieck, Wolfram. [http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/turkey.html "Parties and Elections in Europe"]. ''parties-and-elections.eu''. Retrieved 30 December 2015.</ref>

|style="background:#FFBABA"|[[Federasi Revolusioner Armenia]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Armenian Revolutionary Federation Program|url=http://www.cvarmeniancenter.com/Files/ARFProgramEnglish.pdf|quote=The Armenian Revolutionary Federation in its world outlook and traditions is essentially a socialist, democratic, and revolutionary party.|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=2017-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020144759/http://www.cvarmeniancenter.com/Files/ARFProgramEnglish.pdf|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Դաշնակցության սոցիալիզմի մոդելը [The Socialist Model of Dashnaktsutyun]|url=http://www.parliamentarf.am/index.php?view=07&id=237&vern=%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%20%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%AB%20%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A8%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20&parun=%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AB%209-%D5%AB%D5%B6%20%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%AB%20%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%BE|website=parliamentarf.am|publisher=Armenian Revolutionary Federation faction in the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia|language=hy|date=9 July 2011|access-date=2019-05-16|archive-date=2018-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131033053/http://parliamentarf.am/index.php?view=07&id=237&vern=%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%20%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%AB%20%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A8%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20&parun=%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AB%209-%D5%AB%D5%B6%20%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%AB%20%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%BE|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

== Sosialis demokratikdemokratis ternama{{anchor|Sosialis demokratikdemokratis ternama}} ==

* [[Willy Brandt]], Kanselir Jerman (1969–1974)<ref>{{cite news|last=Gress|first=David|title=Whatever Happened to Willy Brandt?|url=https://www.commentarymagazine.com/article/whatever-happened-to-willy-brandt/|work=[[Commentary (magazine)|Commentary]]|date=1 July 1983}}{{Pranala mati|date=Januari 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Sargent">{{cite book|last=Sargent|first=Lyman|title=Contemporary Political Ideologies: A Comparative Analysis|date=2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=bzkRqvw6oawC&pg=PA118&lpg=PA118&dq=Olof+Palme+democratic+socialist 118]}}</ref>

* [[Nelson Mandela]], Presiden Afrika Selatan (1994–1999)<ref>{{cite book|title=Nelson Mandela|url=https://archive.org/details/nelsonmandela0000bens|last=Benson|first=Mary|publisher=Penguin|location=Harmondsworth|year=1986|isbn=9780140089417|pp=231–232[https://archive.org/details/nelsonmandela0000bens/page/231 231]–232}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Smith |first=David James |authorlink=David James Smith|title=Young Mandela|url=https://archive.org/details/youngmandela0000smit |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|location=London|year=2010|isbn=978-0-297-85524-8|p=[https://archive.org/details/youngmandela0000smit/page/231 231]}}</ref>

* [[Niki Ashton]], Anggota Parlemen Kanada dari [[Churchill—Keewatinook Aski]] di [[Manitoba]] dan kandidat pemimpin pada [[Pemilihan ketua Partai Demokrasi Baru 2017]]{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=Parliament of Canada|first=author|title=Niki Ashton|url=https://www.ourcommons.ca/members/en/niki-ashton(36037)|website=House of Commons Chambre Des Communes Canada|access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref>

* [[Eugene V. Debs]], pemimpin serikat pekerja Amerika dan lima kali sebagai kandidat presiden dari [[Partai Sosialis Amerika]]{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=McArdle|first=Terence|date=2019-09-22|title=The socialist who ran for president from prison — and won nearly a million votes|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/09/22/socialist-who-ran-president-prison-won-nearly-million-votes/|work=Washington Post|access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref>

* [[Michael Harrington]], pendiri [[Sosialis DemokratikDemokratis Amerika]]<ref name="Sargent"/>

* [[Neil Kinnock]], mengaku sosialis demokratikdemokratis sebagai oposisi kepada pembelot [[Partai Demokrat Sosial (Britania Raya)|Partai Demokrat Sosial]]<ref name="HeffernanMarqusee1992">{{cite book|author1=Richard Heffernan|author2=Mike Marqusee|title=Defeat from the Jaws of Victory: Inside Kinnock's Labour Party|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Neu7u4OvoDgC&pg=PA42|year=1992|publisher=Verso|isbn=978-0-86091-561-4|pages=42}}</ref>

* [[Bernie Sanders]], Senator dari Vermont dan mengaku sosialis demokratikdemokratis,<ref name="SandersBG">{{cite news|last1=Bierman|first1=Noah|title=Bernie Sanders seeks to pull Democrats left in 2016 primary|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2014/04/11/vermont-senator-bernie-sanders-may-bring-democratic-socialist-agenda-blunt-style-presidential-race/MEM9ZSlf8P2WnX01NC80yJ/story.html|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=12 April 2014|accessdate=26 March 2019|quote=The lawmaker, who is possibly the most liberal of all members of Congress — and the only one to call himself a democratic socialist [...].}}</ref> meski advokasi kebijakannya saat ini lebih sejalan dengan [[demokrasi sosial]] [[model Nordik]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Tupy|first=Marian|title=Bernie Is Not a Socialist and America Is Not Capitalist|newspaper=The Atlantic|date=1 March 2016|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/03/bernie-sanders-democratic-socialism/471630/|accessdate=26 March 2019|quote=First, Sanders is not a socialist, but a social democrat. Second, the United States does not have a strictly capitalist economy, but a mixed one.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cooper|first=Ryan|title=Bernie Sanders and the rise of American social democracy|newspaper=The Week|date=10 January 2018|url=https://theweek.com/articles/726093/bernie-sanders-rise-american-social-democracy|accessdate=26 March 2019|quote=Despite Sanders' self-identification as a 'democratic socialist,' all this is classic social democracy&nbsp;...}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Worstall|first=Tim|title=Bernie's Democratic Socialism Isn't Socialism, It's Social Democracy|newspaper=Forbes|date=17 May 2016|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2016/05/17/bernies-democratic-socialism-isnt-socialism-its-social-democracy/#5d7201bb272d|accessdate=26 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Qiu|first=Linda|title=Bernie Sanders — socialist or democratic socialist?|newspaper=PolitiFact|date=26 August 2015|url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2015/aug/26/bernie-sanders-socialist-or-democratic-socialist/|accessdate=26 March 2019|quote=With these positions, Sanders is technically a social democrat [...].}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Barro|first=Josh|title=Bernie Sanders, Democratic Socialist Capitalist|newspaper=The New York Times|date=20 October 2015|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/20/upshot/bernie-sanders-democratic-socialist-capitalist.html|accessdate=26 March 2019|quote='It's not socialism, it's social democracy, which is a big difference,' said Mike Konczal, an economic policy expert at the left-wing Roosevelt Institute.}}</ref>

* [[Norman Thomas]], enam kali kandidat presiden dari Partai Sosialis Amerika{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Herling|first=John|date=1982-11-28|title=Where Is Norman Thomas When We Really Need Him?|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1982/11/28/where-is-norman-thomas-when-we-really-need-him/09a1ef64-1148-4d9b-8fc9-d1b2c8dddfde/|work=The Washington Post|access-date=2022-06-05}}</ref>

* [[Rashida Tlaib]], politisi, pengacara dan aktivis politik Amerika<ref>{{citationCite neededweb|last=Panne|first=Valerie Vande|date=March2018-08-14|title=Rashida 2019Tlaib on Democratic Socialism and Why She Supports the Palestinian Right of Return|url=https://inthesetimes.com/article/rashida-tlaib-democratic-socialism-palestine-israel-michigan|website=In These Times|language=en|access-date=2021-05-29}}</ref>

* [[Albert Einstein]], fisikawan kelahiran Jerman yang menulis pandangan politiknya pada 1949 dalam artikel berjudul ''[[Why Socialism?]]''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Isaacson|first1=Walter|authorlink1=Walter Isaacson|title=Einstein: His Life and Universe|url=https://archive.org/details/einsteinhislifeu0000isaa_m3x1|date=2007|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=9780743264747|quote=For the rest of his life Einstein would expound a democratic socialism that had a liberal, anti-authoritarian underpinning.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Calaprice|first1=Alice|last2=Lipscombe|first2=Trevor|title=Albert Einstein: A Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/alberteinsteinbi0000cala|date=2005|publisher=Greenwood|isbn=9780313330803|page=[https://archive.org/details/alberteinsteinbi0000cala/page/61 61]|quote=He committed himself to the democratic- socialist goals that became popular among intellectuals in Europe at the time.}}</ref>

* [[Martin Luther King Jr.]], pemimpin pejuang [[Hak sipil dan politik|hak sipil]] [[Afrika-Amerika]]<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sturm|first1=Douglas|title=Martin Luther King, Jr., as Democratic Socialist|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-religious-ethics_fall-1990_18_2/page/79|journal=The Journal of Religious Ethics|date=1990|volume=18|issue=2|pages=79–105|jstor=40015109|quote=The essay argues that King was in fact a democratic socialist [...].}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Osagyefo Uhuru Sekou|title=The radical gospel of Martin Luther King|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/opinions/2014/1/martin-luther-kingsocialismantiimperialism.html|agency=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=20 January 2014|quote=King's democratic socialism [...].}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hendricks|first1=Obery M.|title=The Uncompromising Anti-Capitalism of Martin Luther King Jr.|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/obery-m-hendricks-jr-phd/the-uncompromising-anti-capitalism-of-martin-luther-king-jr_b_4629609.html|work=[[The Huffington Post]]|date=20 January 2014|quote=For King the answer was democratic socialism.}}</ref>

* [[Naomi Klein]]<ref>Chris Nineham (2007). [http://www.socialistreview.org.uk/article.php?articlenumber=10110 ''The Shock Doctrine'' Book Review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613164401/http://www.socialistreview.org.uk/article.php?articlenumber=10110 |date=2011-06-13 }}. ''Socialist Review''. Retrieved 11 August 2013.</ref>

* [[Lawrence O'Donnell]], analis politik Amerika.<ref>{{citationCite neededweb|datetitle=AprilPolitiFact 2017{{!}} Lawrence O'Donnell|url=https://www.politifact.com/personalities/lawrence-odonnell/|website=www.politifact.com|access-date=2022-05-29}}</ref>

* [[George Orwell]], novelis Inggris<ref>{{cite book |title=Selected Writings|url=https://archive.org/details/georgeorwellsele0000orwe|last=Orwell|first=George|editor-first=George|editor-last=Bott|year=1968|origyear=1958|publisher=Heinemann|location=London|isbn=0-435-13675-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/georgeorwellsele0000orwe/page/103 103]|quote=Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism, as I understand it.}}</ref>

* [[Roger Waters]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Greene|first1=Andy|title=Roger Waters on 'The Wall,' Socialism and His Next Concept Album|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/roger-waters-on-the-wall-socialism-and-his-next-concept-album-20151102|website=[[Rolling Stone]]|accessdate=17 May 2016|archive-date=2018-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144129/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/roger-waters-on-the-wall-socialism-and-his-next-concept-album-20151102|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

* Harry S. Weeks IV, aktivis politik terkemuka dan pendiri Wheeling, Serikat DemokratikDemokratis-Sosialis West-Virginia{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}

* [[Daftar partai dan organisasi sosialis demokratikdemokratis]]

* [http://www.dsausa.org/what_is_democratic_socialism "What is Democratic Socialism? Q & A"]. [[Sosialis DemokratikDemokratis Amerika]].

* Schwartz, Joseph; Schulman, Jason (21 December 2012). [http://www.dsausa.org/toward_freedom/ "Towards Freedom: The Theory and Practice of Democratic Socialism"]. [[Sosialis DemokratikDemokratis Amerika]].

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sosialisme demokratikdemokratis}}

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