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'''Varian Kappa SARS-CoV-2''', juga dikenal sebagai '''garis keturunan B.1.617.1''', adalah [[varian (biologi)|varian]] dari [[garis keturunan B.1.617]] dari [[Koronavirus sindrom pernapasan akut berat 2|SARS-CoV-2]], virus yang menyebabkan [[Penyakit koronavirus 2019|Covid-19]].<ref name=WHO1"gov.uk">{{Citecite news web|title=TrackingConfirmed SARScases of COVID-CoV-219 variants identified in UK |date=15 April 2021 |website=www.gov.uk |url=https://www.whogov.intuk/government/activitiesnews/trackingconfirmed-SARScases-CoVof-2covid-19-variants-identified-in-uk |access-date=20 April 2021-06-05|website=www.who.int |language=en}} {{OGL-attribution|dateversion=2021-05-313.0}}</ref> adalahVarian sebuahini termasuk [[Varian SARS-CoV-2|varian]] [[SARS-CoV-2]], sebuah [[virus]] yang menyebabkandianggap [[COVID-19penting]]. Varian Kappa SARS-CoV-2 juga dikenal sebagai '''B.1.617.1'''Ia dan mula-mula terdeteksiditemukan di India pada Desember 2020.<ref name="WHO 27April">{{cite web |url=https://www.whoreliefweb.int/docssites/default-sourcereliefweb.int/coronavirusefiles/situation-reportsresources/20210427_weekly_epi_update_3720210504_Weekly_Epi_Update_38.pdf?sfvrsn=a1ab459c_9&download=true |title=Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 -Weekly 27Epidemiological AprilUpdate 2021|date=272 AprilMei 2021 |website=reliefweb.int |publisher=World Health Organization |access-date=6 Mei 2021-06-06 |language=en}}</ref>
 
[[Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia]] (WHO) melabeli varian ini sebagai varian '''Kappa''' bukan untuk menggantikan nama ilmiah, melainkan sebagai nama yang dipakai secara umum di ruang publik.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants |title=Tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants |website=www.who.int |access-date=6 Juli 2021 |language=en}}</ref> WHO menganggapnya sebagai varian yang butuh perhatian (''variant of interest'').
==Referensi==
{{Reflist}}
 
== Sifat ==
=== Gejala ===
Gejala yang sering muncul adalah ruam di sekujur tubuh, demam tinggi, batuk, pilek, serta mata merah dan berair.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2021/07/04/081000665/perbedaan-virus-corona-varian-delta-dan-varian-kappa?page=all |last=Ramadhan |first=Maulana |date=4 Juli 2021 |title=Perbedaan Virus Corona Varian Delta dan Varian Kappa |publisher=Kompas.com |access-date=6 Juli 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20210701100740-255-661657/mengenal-gejala-covid-varian-kappa-mirip-campak |title=Mengenal Gejala Covid Varian Kappa, Mirip Campak |date=1 Juli 2021 |publisher=CNN Indonesia |access-date=6 Juli 2021}}</ref>
 
=== Transmisi ===
{{empty section|date=Juli 2021}}
 
=== Genetika ===
{{plain image with caption|image=SARS-CoV-2 Kappa variant.svg|width=1024|align=center|triangle=triangle|triangle color=#1abc31|caption=Mutasi asam amino varian Kappa SARS-CoV-2 yang dipetakan pada peta genom SARS-CoV-2 dengan sorotan pada bagian bulir}}
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible autocollapse" align="right" style="max-width: 300px; text-align: center;"
|+ {{nowrap|Mutasi pada varian Kappa}}<br />(hanya yang mengubah asam amino)<br />
! [[Gen]]
! [[Nukleotida]]
! [[Asam amino]]
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Rangka baca terbuka|ORF1a]]
| C4965T || T1567I
|-
| A11201G || T3646A
|-
! rowspan="5" | ORF1b
| || P314L
|-
| || G1129C
|-
| G17523T || M1352I
|-
| A20396G || K2310R
|-
| || S2312A
|-
! rowspan="6" | [[Bulir (virus)|Bulir]]
| G22022A || E154K
|-
| T22917G || L452R
|-
| G23012C || E484Q
|-
| || D614G
|-
| C23604G || P681R
|-
| || Q1071H
|-
|-
! ORF3a
| C25469T || S26L
|-
! M
| || I82S
|-
! ORF7a
| T27638C || V82A
|-
! rowspan="2" | [[Kapsid|N]]
| G28881T || R203M
|-
| || D377Y
|- style="font-size: smaller; text-align: left;" class="sortbottom"
| colspan="3" | Sumber: CoVariants,<ref name="CoVariants">{{cite web |url=https://covariants.org/variants/21B.Kappa |title=Variant: 21B (Kappa) |date=30 Juni 2021 |work=CoVariants |access-date=6 Juli 2021 |language=en}}</ref> PHE<ref>{{cite report |title=SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation in England&nbsp;-&nbsp;Technical briefing 9 |date=22 April 2021 |location=London |agency=[[Kesehatan Masyarakat Inggris|Public Health England]] |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/979818/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_9_England.pdf |access-date=6 Juli 2021 |language=en}} {{OGL-attribution|version=3.0}}</ref>
|- style="font-size: smaller; text-align: left;" class="sortbottom"
| colspan="3" | Catatan: N501Y berarti perubahan dari [[asparagina]] (N) menjadi [[tirosina]] (Y) pada posisi [[asam amino]] 501.<ref>Untuk daftar simbol asam amino α yang dipakai dalam protein sesuai arahan RNA duta, lihat ini: {{cite web |url=http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AminoAcid/AA1n2.html |title=Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids and Peptides |year=1983 |publisher=IUPAC-IUB Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature |access-date=5 Maret 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009023202/http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/AminoAcid/AA1n2.html |archive-date=9 Oktober 2008 |url-status=dead |language=en}}</ref>
|}
[[Mutasi]] pada [[Koronavirus sindrom pernapasan akut berat 2|SARS-CoV-2]] cukup sering: lebih dari empat ribu mutasi telah dideteksi hanya pada bulir proteinnya menurut [[Konsorsium Britania Raya untuk Genom COVID-19]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Wise |first=Jacqui |date=16 Desember 2020 |title=Covid-19: New coronavirus variant is identified in UK |journal=[[The BMJ]] |volume=371 |pages=m4857 |issn=1756-1833 |s2cid=229291003 |doi=10.1136/bmj.m4857 |doi-access=free |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m4857 |language=en}}</ref>
 
Varian ini terdiri dari 25 mutasi: 18 mutasi tak bersinonim dan 7 mutasi bersinonim (salah satunya mutasi hapus),<ref name="CoVariants" /> yaitu 18 mutasi yang mengubah protein dan 7 mutasi yang tidak berdampak.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rachmawati |first1=Faidah |last2=Urifah |first2=Nurul |last3=Wijayati |first3=Ari |year=2009 |title=Biologi untuk SMA/MA Kelas XII Program IPA |location=Jakarta |publisher=Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional}}</ref>
 
Mutasi L452R menguatkan afinitas protein bulir terhadap reseptor ACE2 sehingga mengurangi kemampuan sistem kekebalan tubuh untuk mengenalinya.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Starr |first1=Tyler N. |last2=Greaney |first2=Allison J. |last3=Dingens |first3=Adam S. |last4=Bloom |first4=Jesse D. |date=April 2021 |title=Complete map of SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutations that escape the monoclonal antibody LY-CoV555 and its cocktail with LY-CoV016 |journal=Cell Reports Medicine |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=100255 |doi=10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100255 |doi-access=free |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Wenjuan |last2=Davis |first2=Brian D. |last3=Chen |first3=Stephanie S. |last4=Sincuir Martinez |first4=Jorge M. |last5=Plummer |first5=Jasmine T. |last6=Vail |first6=Eric |date=6 April 2021 |title=Emergence of a Novel SARS-CoV-2 Variant in Southern California |journal=JAMA |volume=325 |issue=13 |pp=1324–1326 |pmc=7879386 |pmc-embargo-date=11 Agustus 2021 |doi=10.1001/jama.2021.1612 |doi-access=free |language=en}}</ref> Mutasi E484Q menguatkan potensi terikat dengan ACE2 dan meningkatkan kemampuan menghindar dari sistem kekebalan tubuh.<ref>{{cite news |last=Haseltine |first=William |date=12 April 2021 |title=An Indian SARS-CoV-2 Variant Lands In California. More Danger Ahead? |work=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2021/04/12/an-indian-sars-cov-2-variant-lands-in-california-more-danger-ahead/?sh=1ff3056b3b29 |access-date=7 Juni 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Harvey |first1=WT |last2=Carabelli |first2=AM |last3=Jackson |first3=B |last4=Gupta |first4=RK |last5=Thomson |first5=EC |last6=Harrison |first6=EM |last7=Ludden |first7=C |last8=Reeve |first8=R |last9=Rambaut |first9=A |last10=Peacock |first10=SJ |last11=Robertson |first11=DL |display-authors=6 |date=1 Juni 2021 |title=SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape |journal=Nature Reviews Microbiology |volume=19 |pages=409–424 |doi=10.1038/s41579-021-00573-0 |quote=''For example, recently detected viruses of lineage B.1.617.1 were anticipated to show altered antigenicity due to the presence of the substitutions L452R and E484Q, which have been described as affecting antibody recognition.'' |language=en}}</ref>
 
== Statistik ==
 
{| class="dapat diurutkan menurut wiki"
! colspan="3" |Kasus menurut negara (Diperbarui per 7 Juli 2021) GISAID<ref>{{Cite web|title=GISAID - Varian hCov19|url=https://www.gisaid.org/hcov19-variants/| access-date=2021-07-07|website=www.gisaid.org}}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" |Negara
! scope="col" |Kasus yang dikonfirmasi
! scope="col" |Tanggal koleksi
|-
|India
|3,693
|26 Mei 2021
|-
|Britania Raya
|517
|31 Mei 2021
|-
|AS
|299
|24 Juni 2021
|-
|Kanada
|266
|12 Mei 2021
|-
|Irlandia
|170
|8 Juni 2021
|-
|Australia
|112
|15 Juni 2021
|-
|Jerman
|106
|22 Juni 2021
|-
|Singapura
|59
|13 Mei 2021
|-
|Denmark
|28
|31 Mei 2021
|-
|Belanda
|27
|12 Juni 2021
|-
|Jepang
|27
|7 Mei 2021
|-
|Angola
|24
|20 April 2021
|-
|Prancis
|16
|20 Mei 2021
|-
| Belgia
|16
|13 Mei 2021
|-
|Cina
|13
|18 April 2021
|-
|Qatar
|12
|17 Mei 2021
|-
|Korea Selatan
|12
|27 April 2021
|-
|Swiss
|10
|4 Mei 2021
|-
|Portugal
|9
|4 Mei 2021
|-
|Italia
|9
|24 Mei 2021
|-
|Bahrain
|8
|10 April 2021
|-
|Meksiko
|8
|2 Juni 2021
|-
|Afrika Selatan
|8
|18 Juni 2021
|-
|Finlandia
|7
|23 Mei 2021
|-
|Luksemburg
|6
|26 April 2021
|-
|Spanyol
|5
|19 Mei 2021
|-
|Swedia
|5
|17 April 2021
|-
|Ghana
|5
|20 April 2021
|-
|Kenya
|5
|29 April 2021
|-
|Republik Ceko
|4
|4 Mei 2021
|-
|Yordania
|4
|25 April 2021
|-
|Myanmar
|4
|2 Juni 2021
|-
|Selandia Baru
|4
|8 April 2021
|-
|Malaysia
|4
|1 Juni 2021
|-
|Indonesia
|3
|29 April 2021
|-
|Guadeloupe
|2
|10 Maret 2021
|-
|Malawi
|2
|30 April 2021
|-
|Nepal
|2
|9 Mei 2021
|-
|Sint Maarten
|2
|3 April 2021
|-
|Botswana
|2
|1 Juni 2021
|-
|Kuwait
| 1
|
|-
|Austria
| 1
|
|-
|Kamboja
| 1
|5 April 2021
|-
|Curaçao
| 1
|23 April 2021
|-
|Yunani
| 1
|6 April 2021
|-
|Slovakia
| 1
|19 April 2021
|-
|Slovenia
| 1
|6 April 2021
|-
|Thailand
| 1
|26 April 2021
|-
|Uganda
| 1
|26 Maret 2021
|-
|Zambia
| 1
|2 Mei 2021
|-
|Dunia (50 negara)
|Jumlah: '''5,525'''
|<small>Total per 1 Juli 2021</small>
|}
 
== Penyebaran ==
{{kembangkan bagian|date=Juli 2021}}
Pada 1 Juli 2021, varian ini ditemukan di Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5626669/mengenal-corona-varian-kappa-yang-sudah-ditemukan-di-jakarta |last=Alfons |first=Matius |date=1 Juli 2021 |title=Mengenal Corona Varian Kappa yang Sudah Ditemukan di Jakarta |publisher=detikNews |access-date=6 Juli 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210630201527-20-661523/ada-corona-varian-kappa-di-jakarta-mudah-menular-mirip-delta |title=Mengenal Corona Varian Kappa yang Sudah Ditemukan di Jakarta |date=30 Juni 2021 |publisher=CNN Indonesia |access-date=6 Juli 2021}}</ref>
 
== Lihat pula ==
{{portal|Penyakit koronavirus 2019|Kedokteran|Virus}}
* [[Varian SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Alpha SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Beta SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Gamma SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Delta SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Epsilon SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Zeta SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Eta SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Theta SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Iota SARS-CoV-2]]
* [[Varian Lambda SARS-CoV-2]]
 
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Pranala luar ==
{{scholia}}
* {{en}} [https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-variants-genomically-confirmed-case-numbers/variants-distribution-of-cases-data#Variant11 Public Health England: Variants of concern or under investigation, B.1.617]
* {{en}} [https://cov-lineages.org/global_report_B.1.617.1.html Garis keturunan PANGO: Laporan Varian Baru&nbsp;-&nbsp;Laporan persebaran global garis keturunan B.1.617.1]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* {{en}} [https://www.gisaid.org/hcov19-variants/ Pangkalan data pengurutan GISAID - Pelacakan varian Covid-19]
 
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[[Kategori:Varian SARS-CoV-2]]
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