Filadelfia: Perbedaan antara revisi
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|subdivision_name = {{TUR}}
|map_caption = Lokasi Filadelfia di Turki.
|subdivision_type1= Daerah
|subdivision_name1 =
|subdivision_type2= Provinsi
|subdivision_name2 = Manisa
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'''Filadelfia''' (
== Sejarah ==
=== Zaman kuno ===
Kota yang sekarang bernama Alaşehir ini mungkin adalah salah satu kota pertama dengan nama "Filadelfia". Didirikan pada tahun 189 SM oleh Raja [[Eumenes II]] dari [[
=== Zaman Romawi ===
Filadelfia berada dalam distrik administratif [[Sardis]].<ref>Pliny NH 5.111</ref> Pada tahun 17 M, kota ini rusak berat akibat gempa bumi, sehingga Kaisar [[Tiberius]] memberi
=== Dalam kitab "Wahyu kepada Yohanes" ===
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=== Zaman Bizantin ===
Filadelfia merupakan kota makmur pada zaman [[Bizantin]], sehingga disebut "[[
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The Byzantine walls that once surrounded the city have all but crumbled away. A few remnants are still visible at the northeast edge of town, near the bus stand. The city was taken by the Seljuk Turks in 1074 and 1093-94. In 1098, during the [[First Crusade]], it was recovered by [[Byzantine Emperor]] [[Alexios I Komnenos|Alexios I]]. In the 11th to 15th centuries AD, it was the seat of the ''doux'' (governor) and ''[[stratopedarches]]'' (military commander) of the [[Thrakesion]] theme.
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* tahun 1182, dipimpin oleh [[John Komnenos Vatatzes]]
* tahun 1188-1205 atau 1206, dipimpin oleh [[Theodore Mangaphas]], seorang asli Filadelfia, melawan [[Isaac II Angelos]].
Pada waktu itu, keuskupan (''bishopric'') Filadelfia ditingkatkan menjadi ''metropolis''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kiminas|first=Demetrius|title=The Ecumenical Patriarchate|year=2009|publisher=Wildside Press LLC|isbn=9781434458766|url=http://books.google.gr/books?id=QLWqXrW2X-8C&pg=PA81&dq=pergamos+metropolitanate&hl=el&sa=X&ei=1TaMUMzGGIfgtQaX04DgCw&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=pergamos%20metropolitanate&f=false|page=89|access-date=2013-05-07|archive-date=2023-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721053021/https://books.google.gr/books?id=QLWqXrW2X-8C&pg=PA81&dq=pergamos+metropolitanate&hl=el&sa=X&ei=1TaMUMzGGIfgtQaX04DgCw#v=onepage&q=pergamos%20metropolitanate&f=false|dead-url=no}}</ref> Dalam abad ke -14, Filadelfia dijadikan metropolis Lydia oleh patriarkh [[Gereja Ortodoks]] [[Yunani]] di [[Konstantinopel]], sebuah status yang masih dipegang sampai sekarang. Kehormatan ini diberikan karena kota itu tidak menyerah kepada [[Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah]] (''Ottoman''). Kota ini makmur terutama pada abad ke-13 dan 14; ada koloni dagang ''
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By the 14th century, the city was surrounded by Turkish emirates but maintained nominal allegiance to the Byzantine emperor. The town remained prosperous through trade and its strategic location.
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* ''The Letters to the Seven Churches of Asia And their place in the plan of the Apocalypse'', [[William Mitchell Ramsay|W. M. Ramsay]], D.C.L, Litt.D., LL.D., Professor of Humanity in the University of Aberdeen, 1904
* http://www.ephesusguide.com/seven_churches_philadelphia.php {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050301023115/http://www.ephesusguide.com/seven_churches_philadelphia.php |date=2005-03-01 }}
* http://www.enjoyturkey.com/Tours/Interest/Biblicals/philadelphia.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100123070132/http://www.enjoyturkey.com/Tours/Interest/Biblicals/philadelphia.htm |date=2010-01-23 }}
* http://www.toursforchurches.co.uk/turkey-churches.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050909080034/http://toursforchurches.co.uk/turkey-churches.htm |date=2005-09-09 }}
* http://www.luthersem.edu/ckoester/Revelation/Philadelphia/main.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904154514/http://www.luthersem.edu/ckoester/Revelation/Philadelphia/main.htm |date=2009-09-04 }}
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