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| name = Gagak
| image = Corvus_corax_(FWS).jpg
| image_caption =
| image_width = 225px
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
}}
'''Gagak''' adalah anggota [[burung pengicau]] (Passeriformes) yang termasuk dalam [[genus
== Sejarah ==
Hampir semua jenis burung ini berukuran relatif besar dan berwarna bulu dominan hitam. Daerah sebarannya ada
Di beberapa [[Budaya|kebudayaan]] dan [[mitologi]], burung gagak kerap dikaitkan dengan sesuatu yang buruk. Di [[Eropa]], gagak dipercaya sebagai burung peliharaan penyihir. Di [[Indonesia]], gagak dianggap dapat menjadi pertanda marabahaya. Ada pula kepercayaan yang mengaitkan sate gagak untuk memanggil [[genderuwo]].
Memiliki warna gelap, memiliki suara nyaring, dan menusuk telinga, membuat gagak kerap dikaitkan dengan hal-hal mitos, banyak yang membenci kemunculan sang gagak yang identik dengan [[ilmu hitam]] dan [[magis]].
== Gagak Dalam Budaya==
Dalam mitos [[Wiracarita Gilgamesh]], Utnapishtim melepaskan seekor merpati dan burung gagak untuk menemukan daratan. Namun, merpati hanya berputar dan kembali. Baru kemudian [[Utnapishtim]] mengirim gagak, tapi gagak tersebut tidak kembali dan Utnapishtim menyimpulkan gagak telah menemukan tanah.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kovacs, Maureen Gallery|title=The Epic of Gilgamesh|publisher=Stanford University Press|year=1989|isbn=978-0-8047-1711-3|page=102|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YYxEd9c0EUYC&pg=PA102}}</ref>
Dalam [[Islam]], menurut sebuah riwayat dalam hadits, burung gagak yang berwarna belang{{cn}} adalah salah satu dari 5 binatang yang tidak dicela oleh orang yang membunuh mereka.<ref>[http://islamqa.info/en/2896 What Ruling on killing mice and rats] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015195710/https://islamqa.info/en/2896 |date=2018-10-15 }}. Islamqa.info. Retrieved on 19 April 2014.</ref> [[Surah Al-Ma’idah|Surat Al-Ma'idah]] menggambarkan kisah bagaimana burung gagak mengajarkan anak [[Adam]] bagaimana mengubur mayat saudaranya.<ref>{{cite web | title
Dalam catatan [[Alkitab|Alkitab Ibrani]] di [[1 Raja-raja 17|1 Raja 17]] ayat 6, burung gagak dianggap telah menyediakan makanan bagi [[Elia]].
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Dalam agama [[Agama Hindu|Hindu]], gagak dianggap sebagai pembawa informasi yang memberi pertanda kepada orang-orang mengenai situasi mereka. Misalnya, ketika seekor burung gagak berkokok di depan rumah seseorang, warga diharapkan mendapat tamu istimewa pada hari itu. Juga, dalam [[Sastra Hindu|literatur Hindu]], gagak memiliki kenangan indah yang mereka gunakan untuk memberikan informasi.
Dalam mitologi [[Pribumi-Australia|Aborigin Australia]], gagak adalah penipu, pahlawan budaya, dan makhluk leluhur. Legenda yang berkaitan dengan gagak telah diamati di berbagai kelompok bahasa dan budaya Aborigin di seluruh [[Australia]]; ini biasanya mencakup cerita yang berkaitan dengan peran gagak dalam pencurian api, asal usul kematian, dan pembunuhan putra elang.
Dalam mitologi [[Mitologi Nordik|Nordik]], [[Huginn and Muninn|Huginn dan Muninn]] adalah sepasang gagak biasa yang tersebar di seluruh dunia. Selain itu ada juga [[Midgard]], yang berarti 1 dari 9 alam yang ditinggali manusia menurut mitologi Nordik. Midgard membawa informasi mengenai [[Odin|Dewa Odin]].
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== Bibliografi ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book|authors=Burton, Maurice & Burton, Robert|chapter=Crow|title=The international wildlife encyclopedia, Volume 10|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|year=2002|isbn=978-0-7614-7266-7|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ojMQP6aWW6sC&pg=PA610|access-date=2015-05-30|archive-date=2023-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727050834/https://books.google.com/books?id=ojMQP6aWW6sC&pg=PA610&hl=en|dead-url=no}}
* {{cite journal|ref=idGill2003|title=Osteometry and Systematics of the Extinct New Zealand Ravens (Aves: Corvidae: Corvus).|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=149547.|author=Gill, B. J.|journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology|year=2003|volume=1|pages=43–58|accessdate=2008-03-14|doi=10.1017/S1477201903001019|archive-date=2016-04-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412195809/http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=149547.|dead-url=yes}}
* Gill, B. J. (2003): Osteometry and 1: 43-58. (HTML abstract) {{DOI|10.1017/S1477201903001019}}
* {{cite book|ref=idGoodwin1983|author=Goodwin, D.|title=Crows of the World|isbn=0-7022-1015-3|year=1983|publisher=Queensland University Press}}
* {{cite book|ref=idHeinrich1991|author=Heinrich, Bernd|title=Ravens in Winter|url=https://archive.org/details/ravensinwinter0000hein|isbn=0-679-73236-5|year=1991|publisher=Vintage Press}}
* {{cite book|ref=idHeinrich1999|author=Heinrich, Bernd|title=Mind of the Raven: Investigations and Adventures with Wolf-Birds|url=https://archive.org/details/mindofraveninves0000hein|isbn=978-0-06-093063-9|year=1999|publisher=Cliff Street Books}}
* {{cite book|ref=idKilham1991|author=Kilham, Lawrence|title=The American Crow and the Common Raven|isbn=0-89096-466-1|year=1991|publisher=Texas A&M University Press}}
* {{cite book|authors=Madge, Steve & Burn, Hillary|title=Crows and jays: a guide to the crows, jays, and magpies of the world|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|year=1994|isbn=978-0-395-67171-9}}
* {{cite book|ref=idWorthy2002|authors=Worthy, Trevor H. & Holdaway, Richard N.|title=The Lost World of the Moa: Prehistoric Life of New Zealand|url=https://archive.org/details/lostworldofmoapr0000wort|isbn=0-253-34034-9|year=2002|publisher=Indiana University Press}}
{{refend}}
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{{Wikisource1911Enc|Crow}}
{{Commons category|Corvus}}
* [http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/crowfaq.htm Frequently Asked Questions About Crows] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126130244/http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/crowfaq.htm |date=2021-01-26 }}
* [http://www.birdhouses101.com/crow.asp Crow: by Bird Houses 101] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210183259/http://www.birdhouses101.com/crow.asp |date=2020-12-10 }}
* [http://www.crows.net/ crows.net: The Language & Culture of Crows] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080315210454/http://www.crows.net/ |date=2008-03-15 }}
* [http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2005/6/Books_naturally_ND_05.cfm In the Company of Crows and Ravens] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101021045919/http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Publications/ZooGoer/2005/6/Books_naturally_ND_05.cfm |date=2010-10-21 }} by John M. Marzluff and Tony Angell
* [http://www.clcookphoto.com/crows.htm Crow Photographs and Comments] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219023400/http://www.clcookphoto.com/crows.htm |date=2019-02-19 }}
* [http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/crow/ Video of Crow Making and Using Tools] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723085328/http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/crow/ |date=2010-07-23 }}
* [http://users.ox.ac.uk/~kgroup/tools/tools_main.shtml Info on Tool use by Crows] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316180815/https://users.ox.ac.uk/~kgroup/tools/tools_main.shtml |date=2023-03-16 }}
* [http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/crows-corvidae Crow Videos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314050252/http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/crows-corvidae |date=2016-03-14 }} on the Internet Bird Collection
* [http://www.ted.com/talks/view/id/261 TED Talk: The Amazing Intelligence of Crows] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720150141/http://www.ted.com/talks/view/id/261 |date=2008-07-20 }} by Joshua Klein
* [http://www.corvidcorner.com Corvid Corner] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108233945/http://corvidcorner.com/ |date=2022-01-08 }} - A Site about the Crow Family
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJoBJM8G4JA Video: A Crow uses Electrical Wire as Nest-building Material] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160411184552/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJoBJM8G4JA |date=2016-04-11 }}
* [http://video.pbs.org/video/1621910826/# A Murder of Crows] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029100556/http://video.pbs.org/video/1621910826 |date=2012-10-29 }}, 2010 PBS documentary
* [http://www.cracked.com/article_19042_6-terrifying-ways-crows-are-way-smarter-than-you-think.html 6 Terrifying Ways Crows Are Way Smarter Than You Think] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606074728/https://www.cracked.com/article_19042_6-terrifying-ways-crows-are-way-smarter-than-you-think.html |date=2023-06-06 }} at [[Cracked.com]]
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