Genosida Guatemala: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Infobox civilian attack
{{copy edit|date=Februari 2017}}
| title = GenosidaGuatemalan Guatemalagenocide
{{Short description|1981-1983 genocide of Maya people in Guatemala}}{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Genosida Guatemala
| partof = [[Guatemalan Civil War]]
| image = Exhumation in San Juan Comalapa Guatemala 03.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Excavation jasadof korbanthe genosidacorpses of victims of the [[Guatemalan Civil War]].
| map =
| map_size = 2/10
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| map_caption =
| location = [[Guatemala]]
| target = [[Orang Maya peoples]]
| coordinates =
| date = {{plainlist|
* [[Guatemalan Civil War|Civil War]] (1960–1996)
* [[Guatemalan genocide#Genocide under Ríos Montt|Silent Holocaust]] (1981–1983)}}
| type = [[DipaksaForced Menghilangdisappearance]], [[genocidal massacre]], [[torture]], [[sexual violence]], [[crimes against humanity]]
| fatalities = min. 32,632 Maya,
min. 42,275 total{{refn|name=deathtoll|group=N|!}}(83% of 42,275 victims of human rights abuses during the civil war were ethnic Maya, at least 93% of them killed by the government)<ref name="GHCC">83% of the fully identified 42,275 civilians killed by human rights violations during the Guatemalan Civil War were Mayan and 17% were Latino of those 93% were killed by the government. See {{harvnb|EH|1999|p=17}} and {{cite web|date=1 March 1999|title=Press Briefing: Press conference by members of the Guatemala Historical Clarification Commission|work=United Nations|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/1999/19990301.guate.brf.html|access-date=13 August 2016|archive-date=2023-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230731085526/https://press.un.org/en/1999/19990301.guate.brf.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><nowiki>}}</nowiki>
166,000 Maya<ref name=handbook>{{cite book |quote=While only limited violence has accompanied the on-going Zapatista movement in Chiapas, a holocaust occurred in Guatemala. Highland Maya civilians were the victims of a 36-year civil war in which 900,000 of them were displaced from their lands, many of them becoming refugees in Mexico, Belize, and the United States, and another 166,000 were killed or 'disappeared'. By the time a cease-fire was declared in 1996, the Maya constituted 83 percent of the war dead. A United Nations study stated that Guatemala's war policies had been tantamount to Maya genocide. |first1=Lynn V. |last1=Foster |title=Handbook to Life in the Ancient Maya World |page=84 |url=http://432thedrop.com/NewDrop/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Lynn20V.20Foster20Handbook20to20Life20in20the20Ancient20Maya20World2028Facts20on20File20Libr.pdf }}{{Pranala mati|date=Juni 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| victims = <!-- or | victim = -->
| perps = [[Guatemala]]n government, local militias
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{{Genosida}}'''[[Genosida]] Guatemala''' atau disebut juga sebagai '''Genosida Orang Maya'''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Foster|first=L.V.|date=2002|url=http://432thedrop.com/NewDrop/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Lynn20V.20Foster20Handbook20to20Life20in20the20Ancient20Maya20World2028Facts20on20File20Libr.pdf|title=Handbook to Life in the Ancient Maya World|location=USA|publisher=Facts On File, Inc.|isbn=0-8160-4148-2|url-status=live}}{{Pranala mati|date=Juni 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> adalah sebuah peristiwa [[pembunuhan massal]] warga sipil [[Maya]] pada saat operasi ''Counter-insurgency. Counter-insurgency'' sendiridipimpin merupakan penumpasan pemberontakanoleh [[Junta militer|Junta Militer]] dari [[Guatemala]] yang berlangsung pada tahun 1960–1998 yangdan mengakibatkan meninggalnya 17200.000 orang meninggal atau menghilang. Jenis serangan yang dilakukan antara lain, pembunuhan masal, penculikan paksa, [[penyiksaan]], dan [[hukuman mati]] tanpa melalui proses [[pengadilan]] yang benar.
 
== Latar Belakang Genosida Guatemalabelakang ==
Asal mula pemberontakan ini berawal dari konflik warga sipil Maya yang tidak menyukai tingkah laku pendatang [[Eropa]] yang semena-mena. Warga sipil Maya merasa bahwa tanah mereka telah direbut dengan tidak adil. Pemberontakan tersebut dianggap melawan kedaulatan negeri, sehingga Militer Guatemala yang sebagian besar berbangsa [[Spanyol]] lantas memberantas masyarakat sipil Maya.{{Butuh rujukan}}
 
== Korban Genosida Guatemala ==
 
Sekitar 200.000 [[masyarakat]] Guatemala terbunuh selama [[Perang Saudara Guatemala]]. Sebanyak 93% dari korban dibunuh dilakukan oleh tentara pemerintah, termasuk 40.000 orang yang hilang. Dalam peristiwa Genosida Guatemala tersebut, 83% korban meninggal adalah orang [[Maya]] yang berarti lebih dari 170.000 orang ''[[Maya]]'' dan sisanya 17% merupakan orang [[Ladino]]. Sebuah penelitian dari ''Juvenile Division of the Supreme Court'' pada tanggal 1 Maret 1985 mengungkapkan bahwa lebih dari 200.000 anak telah kehilangan satu orang tuanya akibat peristiwa genosida tersebut. Sebanyak 25% orang dilaporkan hilang mulai tahun 1980, yang berarti sekitar 45.000 sampai 60.000 orang dewasa [[Guatemala]] terbunuh pada1980–1985.{{Butuh rujukan}}
 
==   Referensi ==
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==  Referensi ==
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[[Kategori:Genosida]]
[[Kategori:Guatemala]]
 
 
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