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'''Primata''' adalah [[Binatang menyusui|mamalia]] yang menjadi anggota [[ordo (biologi)|ordo]] '''Primates'''. Primata pertama kali muncul 85–55 juta tahun yang lalu dari mamalia darat bertubuh kecil yang beradaptasi untuk hidup di pepohonan [[hutan tropis]]. Banyak karakteristik primata yang merupakan adaptasi terhadap kehidupan di lingkungan yang menantang ini, di antaranya [[otak]] yang besar, ketajaman visual, penglihatan warna, tulang-tulang [[gelang bahu]] yang memungkinkan banyak gerakan pada sendi bahu, serta tangan yang cekatan. Primata terpisah menjadi dua subordo, yaitu [[Strepsirrhini]] (mencakup [[lemur]] dan [[loris]]) dan [[Haplorhini]] (mencakup [[monyet]], [[kera]], dan [[manusia]]). Ilmu yang mempelajari primata disebut [[primatologi]].
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Primata
| image = <imagemap>
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Late Paleocene|recent}}
File:Primates - some families.jpg|300px
| image = Olive baboon.jpg
rect 0 0 188 142 [[Aye-aye]]
| image_width = 200px
rect 0 250 188 142 [[Ring-tailed lemur]]
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
rect 0 250 188 380 [[Capuchin monkey]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
rect 0 380 188 515 [[Spider monkey]]
| classis = [[Mammalia]]
rect 0 515 188 820 [[Gibbon]]
| subclassis = [[Eutheria]]
rect 376 0 188 142 [[Tarsier]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Euarchontoglires]]
rect 376 250 188 142 [[Red slender loris]]
| superordo = [[Euarchonta]]
rect 376 250 188 380 [[Lion tamarin]]
| ordo = '''Primates'''
rect 376 380 188 515 [[Hamadryas baboon]]
| ordo_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
rect 376 515 188 820 [[Common chimpanzee]]
| subdivision_ranks = Familia
</imagemap>
| subdivision = * 15, lihat teks
| image_caption = Beberapa famili primata, dari atas ke bawah: [[Daubentoniidae]], [[Tarsiidae]], [[Lemuridae]], [[Lorisidae]], [[Cebidae]], [[Callitrichidae]], [[Atelidae]], [[Cercopithecidae]], [[Hylobatidae]], [[Hominidae]]
| taxon = Primata
| authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758<ref name="MSW3">{{MSW3 Groves|pages=111–184|id=12100001}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Subordo
| subdivision = *[[Strepsirrhini]]
*[[Haplorhini]]
*†''[[Altiatlasius]]''
'''saudari:''' [[Dermoptera]]
| range_map = Range of Non-human Primates.png
| range_map_caption = Rentang habitat primata bukan manusia (hijau)
| synonyms = [[Plesiadapiformes]] (secara [[kladistik]] termasuk kelompok mahkota<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Silcox|first1=Mary T.|last2=Bloch|first2=Jonathan I.|last3=Boyer|first3=Doug M.|last4=Chester|first4=Stephen G. B.|last5=López‐Torres|first5=Sergi|date=2017|title=The evolutionary radiation of plesiadapiforms|journal=Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews|language=en|volume=26|issue=2|pages=74–94|doi=10.1002/evan.21526|pmid=28429568|issn=1520-6505|doi-access=free}}</ref>)
| fossil_range={{Fossil range|55.8|0|earliest=85}}
[[Paleosen Akhir]] hingga [[Holosen|saat ini]]
| mirordo=[[Primatomorpha]]
}}
'''Primata''' (dari [[bahasa Latin]] ''primat-'', dari ''primus'', 'terbaik, urutan pertama') adalah [[Binatang menyusui|mamalia]] yang menjadi anggota [[ordo (biologi)|ordo]] '''Primates'''. Primata pertama kali muncul 85–55 juta tahun yang lalu dari mamalia darat bertubuh kecil yang beradaptasi untuk hidup di pepohonan [[hutan tropis]]. Banyak karakteristik primata yang merupakan adaptasi terhadap kehidupan di lingkungan yang menantang ini, di antaranya otak yang besar, ketajaman visual, penglihatan warna, tulang-tulang [[gelang bahu]] yang memungkinkan banyak gerakan pada sendi bahu, serta tangan yang cekatan. Primata terpisah menjadi dua subordo, yaitu [[Strepsirrhini]] (mencakup [[lemur]] dan [[loris]]) dan [[Haplorhini]] (mencakup [[monyet]], [[kera]], dan [[manusia]]). Ilmu yang mempelajari primata disebut [[primatologi]].
== Klasifikasi ==
Daftar famili primata yang masih sintas (bertahan hidup hingga kini) diuraikan di bawah ini.<ref name="MSW3" /><ref name="Cartmill2011">{{cite book | last1 = Cartmill | first1 = M. | last2 = Smith | first2 = F. H. | title = The Human Lineage | publisher = John Wiley & Sons | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-1-118-21145-8 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=X058kYnhxC0C&pg=PA90}}</ref><ref name="Mittermeier2008">{{cite journal|title=Lemur Diversity in Madagascar|author-link1=Russell Mittermeier |author1=Mittermeier, R. |author2=Ganzhorn, J. |author3=Konstant, W. |author4=Glander, K. |author5=Tattersall, I. |author6=Groves, C. |author7=Rylands, A. |author8=Hapke, A. |author9=Ratsimbazafy, J. |author10=Mayor, M. |author11=Louis, E. |author12=Rumpler, Y. |author13=Schwitzer, C. |author14=Rasoloarison, R. |journal=International Journal of Primatology|doi=10.1007/s10764-008-9317-y|pages=1607–1656|volume=29|issue=6|date=December 2008|s2cid=17614597 |url=https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/10161/6237/1/08%20lemur%20diversity.pdf}}</ref><ref name="SAP">{{cite book|author1=Rylands, A. B.|author2=Mittermeier, R. A.|year=2009|title=South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-387-78704-6|editor=Garber, P. A.|chapter=The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)|editor2=Estrada, A.|editor3=Bicca-Marques, J. C.|editor4=Heymann, E. W.|editor5=Strier, K. B.|editor5-link=Karen B. Strier|name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Klasifikasi lain juga digunakan, misalnya klasifikasi alternatif dari Strepsirrhini yang masih hidup yang dibagi menjadi dua infraordo, Lemuriformes dan Lorisiformes.{{Sfn|Hartwig|2011|pp=20–21}}
* '''Ordo Primates'''<!--I have altered the number of species to agree with the number listed on the wiki page for each family-->
** '''Subordo [[Strepsirrhini]]''': lemur, galago, dan loris
*** Infraordo [[Lemuriformes]]{{efn|AlthoughMeskipun thehubungan [[Monophyly|monophyleticmonofiletik relationship]]antara betweenlemur lemursdan andlorisoid lorisoidsditerima issecara widely acceptedluas, their cladenama nameklad ismereka nottidak. The termIstilah "lemuriform" isdigunakan useddi heresini becausekarena itberasal derivesdari fromsatu onetaksonomi popularpopuler taxonomyyang thatmengelompokkan clumpsklad theprimata [[clade]]"bergigi ofsisir" toothcombedmenjadi primatessatu intoinfraordo, onesedangkan [[Taxonomic rank|infraorderAdapiformes]] andyang thetidak extinct,bergigi non-toothcombedsisir [[Adapiformes|adapiforms]]dan intosudah anotherpunah ke dalam infraordo lainnya, bothdan withinkeduanya theberada [[Taxonomicdalam rank|suborder]]subordo Strepsirrhini.{{Sfn|Szalay|Delson|1980|p=149}}{{Sfn|Cartmill|2010|p=15}} HoweverNamun, anothertaksonomi popularalternatif alternativepopuler taxonomylainnya placesmenempatkan the [[Lorisoidea|lorisoids]]lorisoid indalam theirinfraordo ownmereka infraordersendiri, Lorisiformes.{{Sfn|Hartwig|2011|pp=20–21}}|name=Lemuriformes}}
**** Superfamili [[Lemuroidea]]
***** Famili [[Cheirogaleidae]]: lemur kerdil dan lemurs-tikus (34 spesies)
****** Famili [[Old World monkey|Cercopithecidae]]: monyet Dunia Lama (138 spesies)
***** Superfamili [[Hominoidea]]
****** Famili [[Hylobatidae]]: gibbonsowa atau "kera kecil" (18 spesies)
****** Famili [[Hominidae]]: kera besar, termasuk manusia (8 spesies)
=== KladogramCatatan ===
{{notelist}}
Kladogram di bawah ini menunjukkan urutan klasifikasi yang mungkin dari primata hidup.<ref name="Cartmill2011">{{cite book|last1=Cartmill|first1=M.|last2=Smith|first2=F. H.|year=2011|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X058kYnhxC0C&pg=PA90|title=The Human Lineage|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-21145-8}}</ref><ref name="PT" /> Kelompok yang menggunakan nama umum (tradisional) ditampilkan di sebelah kanan.
{{Barlabel|style=font-size:90%;|color3=darkgreen|label4=manusia|color4=darkred|at4=-4|label5=kera kecil|color5=green|at5=8|label3=kera besar|at3=2|labelwidth=6|label2=monyet|color2=crimson|at2=11|label1=prosimians|color1=purple|at1=16|size=9<!--barlabel template doesn't really work with the added images; this value seems best-->|cladogram={{Cladex
|label1=[[Primatomorpha]]
|1={{Clade
| 1= [[Dermoptera]] [[File:Cynocephalus volans Brehm1883 (white background).jpg|50 px]]
|label2= Primates
|2={{Cladex
|label1= [[Haplorhini]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Simiiformes]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Catarrhini]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Hominoidea]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Hominidae]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Homininae]]
|1={{Cladex
|label1= [[Hominini]]
|1={{Cladex
|1=[[Homo|human]]s (genus ''Homo'') [[File:Bechuana of Distinction-1841 (white background).jpg|60 px]]|barbegin1=darkred|barend1=darkred
|2=[[Pan (genus)|chimpanzee]]s (genus ''Pan'')[[File:PanTroglodytesSmit (white background).jpg|50 px]]|barbegin2=darkgreen
}}
|2=[[gorilla]]s (tribe Gorillini) [[File:Gorila de llanura occidental. Gorilla gorilla - Blanca Martí de Ahumada (white background).jpg|70 px]]|bar2=darkgreen
}}
|2=[[orangutan]]s (subfamily Ponginae) [[File:Simia satyrus - 1837 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - White Background.jpg|60 px]]|barend2=darkgreen
}}
|2=[[gibbon]]s (family Hylobatidae) [[File:Le gibbon (white background).jpg|50 px]]|barbegin2=green|barend2=green
}}
|2=[[Old World monkey]]s (superfamily Cercopithecoidea) [[File:Cynocephalus doguera - 1700-1880 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam - (white background).tiff|60 px]]|barbegin2=crimson
}}
|2=[[New World monkey]]s (parvorder Platyrrhini) [[File:Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (Plate 8) (white background).jpg|50 px]]|barend2=crimson
}}
|label2= [[Tarsiiformes]]
|2={{Cladex
|1=[[tarsier]]s (superfamily Tarsioidea) [[File:Säugethiere vom Celebes- und Philippinen-Archipel (Taf. III) (white background) (1).jpg|25 px]]|barbegin1=purple
}}
}}
|label2= [[Strepsirrhini]]
|2={{Cladex
|label1=[[Lemuriformes]]{{efn|name=Lemuriformes}}
|1={{Cladex
|1=[[lemur]]s (superfamily Lemuroidea) [[File:FMIB 46849 Primates Maki Moccoe Lemur catta (white background).jpeg|35 px]]|bar1=purple
|2=[[Lorisoidea|lorises and allies]] (superfamily Lorisoidea) [[File:Nycticebus (white background).jpg|25 px]]|barend2=purple
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}}}
== Referensi ==
{{wikispecies|Primates}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{wikispecies|Primates}}
{{mamalia|state=expanded}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7380}}
{{authority control}}
{{biologi-stub}}
[[Kategori:Primata| ]]
[[Kategori:Ordo mamalia]]
{{biologi-stub}}
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