FreeDOS: Perbedaan antara revisi

<div class="cx-overlay"><div class="cx-spinner"></div></div>{{Infobox OS|name=FreeDOS|logo=FreeDOS logo4 2010.svg|screenshot=FreeDOS 1.1 screenshot.png|caption=FreeDOS 1.1 default shell, FreeCOM|developer=[[Jim Hall (programmer)|Jim Hall]] & The FreeDOS team|programmed_in=Assembly Language, [[C (programming language)|C]]<ref name="FreeDOS Spec">{{cite web |url=http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/FreeDOS_Spec#Programming_languages |title=FreeDOS Spec |date=2008-12-24 |website=FreeDOS Wiki |publisher=Freedos |access-date=2017-02-09 |archive-date=2023-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526164818/http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/FreeDOS_Spec#Programming_languages |dead-url=no }}</ref>|programmed in=Assembly Language, [[C (programming language)|C]]<ref name="FreeDOS Spec">{{cite web |url=http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/FreeDOS_Spec#Programming_languages |title=FreeDOS Spec |date=2008-12-24 |website=FreeDOS Wiki |publisher=Freedos |access-date=2017-02-09}}</ref>|family=[[DOS]]|working_state=Current|working state=Current|source_model=[[Open source]]<ref name="SF"/>|source model=[[Open source]]<ref name="SF"/>|released={{release date and age|1998|01|12|df=yes}}|latest_release_version=1.2|latest release version=1.2|latest_release_date={{release date and age|2016|12|25|df=yes}}<ref name="FreeDOS-History"/>|latest release date={{release date and age|2016|12|25|df=yes}}<ref name="FreeDOS-History"/>|language=English, German, [[Dutch language|Dutch]]|supported_platforms=[[x86 architecture|x86]]|supported platforms=[[x86 architecture|x86]]|kernel_type=[[Monolithic kernel]]<ref name="Villani 1996">{{cite book |last=Villani |first=Pat |authorlink= |title= FreeDOS Kernel |year=1996 |publisher= Miller Freeman |location= Emeryville, CA, USA |isbn= 0-87930-436-7}}</ref>|kernel type=[[Monolithic kernel]]<ref name="Villani 1996">{{cite book |last=Villani |first=Pat |authorlink= |title= FreeDOS Kernel |year=1996 |publisher= Miller Freeman |location= Emeryville, CA, USA |isbn= 0-87930-436-7}}</ref>|ui=DOS [[command line interface]]|license=[[GPL]]<ref name="SF"/> with various different licenses for utilities<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freedos.org/software/?cat=util|title=Software List » UTIL|website=FreeDOS|publisher=The FreeDOS Project|accessdate=2014-06-06|archive-date=2012-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718165909/http://www.freedos.org/software/?cat=util|dead-url=no}}</ref>|website={{URL|www.freedos.org}}<!--"www" is mandatory-->}}'''FreeDOS''' (sebelumnya '''Free-DOS''' dan '''PD-DOS''') adalah sistem operasi untuk [[Kompatibel PC IBM|IBM PC yang kompatibel dengan]] komputer. FreeDOS ditujukan untuk memberikan lingkungan [[DOS]] yang kompatibel untuk menjalankan perangkat lunak dan mendukung sistem embedded.<ref name="homepage">{{Cite web|url=http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page|title=Main Page|website=FreeDOS Wiki|publisher=The FreeDOS Project|access-date=2017-02-09|archive-date=2023-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625181203/http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page|dead-url=no}}</ref>{{failed verification|reason=The source does't even mention 'IBM'|date=November 2016}}

FreeDOS dapat boot dari [[Cakram flopi|floppy disk]] atau [[Diska Lepas USB|USB flash drive]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bensbits.com/2007/08/21/booting_dos_from_a_usb_flash_drive|title=Booting DOS from a USB flash drive|last=Franske|first=Ben|date=2007-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218031708/http://www.bensbits.com/2007/08/21/booting_dos_from_a_usb_flash_drive|archive-date=February 18, 2010|dead-url=yes|access-date=2008-08-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.linfo.org/freedos_floppy.html|title=How to Create a Bootable FreeDOS Floppy Disk|date=2005-07-19|access-date=2008-08-04|archive-date=2008-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080418075850/http://www.linfo.org/freedos_floppy.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> Hal ini dirancang untuk berjalan dengan baik di bawah virtualisasi atau emulasi x86.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/07/it-may-be-barely-an-operating-system-but-dos-still-matters-to-some-people/|title=Though "barely an operating system," DOS still matters (to some people)|last=Gallagher|first=Sean|date=2014-07-14|website=ArsTechnica|publisher=Condé Nast|access-date=2017-02-09|quote=But FreeDOS has become much more friendly to virtualization and hardware emulation—it's even the heart of the DOSEMU emulator|archive-date=2023-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407114636/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2014/07/it-may-be-barely-an-operating-system-but-dos-still-matters-to-some-people/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Tidak seperti [[MS-DOS]], FreeDOS terdiri dari [[perangkat lunak bebas]] dan opensource, berlisensi di bawah ketentuan [[Lisensi Publik Umum GNU|GNU General Public License]].<ref name="SF">{{Cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/freedos/|title=The FreeDOS Project|date=2006-05-21|publisher=SourceForge|access-date=2008-01-02|archive-date=2019-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190915041228/https://sourceforge.net/projects/freedos/|dead-url=no}}</ref>{{Request quotation|date=August 2017}} Oleh karena itu, basis distribusi tidak memerlukan biaya lisensi atau royalti dan membuat distro kustom diperbolehkan. Namun, paket-paket lain yang membentuk bagian dari FreeDOS proyek mencakup non-GPL perangkat lunak dianggap layak melestarikan, seperti 4DOS, yang didistribusikan di bawah dimodifikasi [[Lisensi MIT]].<ref name="4DOS">{{Cite web|url=http://www.freedos.org/software/?prog=4dos|title=4DOS|website=FreeDOS|publisher=The FreeDOS Project|access-date=2014-06-06|archive-date=2022-12-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228072009/http://www.freedos.org/software/?prog=4dos|dead-url=no}}</ref>{{fv|reason=The source doesn't even mention MIT License|date=August 2017}}

Proyek FreeDOS dimulai 29 Juni 1994, setelah [[Microsoft]] mengumumkan tidak akan menjual atau mendukung MS-DOS. Jim Hall yang pada saat itu adalah seorang mahasiswa<ref name="FLOSS">{{Cite web|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/GNU-DOS-Project-Discontinued-41470.shtml|title=GNU/DOS Project Discontinued|last=Marinof|first=Mihai|access-date=27 November 2016|archive-date=2023-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406093948/https://news.softpedia.com/news/GNU-DOS-Project-Discontinued-41470.shtml|dead-url=no}}</ref> mengirim manifesto pengusulan pengembangan open-source pengganti MS-DOS.<ref>{{cite newsgroup|title=PD-DOS project *announcement*|authorlink=Jim Hall (programmer)|first=Jim|last=Hall|date=1994-06-29|newsgroup=comp.os.msdos.apps|url=https://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.msdos.apps/browse_thread/thread/a10993e044dc4b35/e1bb36f1f0d1513b?lnk=st&q=&rnum=26#e1bb36f1f0d1513b|accessdate=2008-06-14}}</ref>{{failed verification|reason=The source doesn't even mention 'open-source'|date=November 2016}} Dalam beberapa minggu, programmer lain termasuk Pat Villani dan Tim Norman bergabung dengan proyek ini. Di antara mereka, sebuah kernel (dengan Villani), COMMAND.COM command line interpreter (oleh Villani dan Norman), dan inti utilitas (Hall) diciptakan oleh penggabungan kode yang telah mereka tulis atau yang mereka temukan.<ref name="linuxdevices">{{As of|2011|11|lc=on|url=http://archive.linuxgizmos.com/the-past-present-and-future-of-the-freedos-project-a/}}</ref>

FreeDOS 1.1 dirilis pada 2 Januari 2012,<ref name="freedos">{{Cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/news/?group_id=5109&id=305444|title=Announcement on official FreeDOS homepage|last=Hall|first=Jim|date=2012-01-02|website=SourceForge|publisher=[[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]|access-date=2012-01-02|archive-date=2013-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515060926/http://sourceforge.net/news/?group_id=5109&id=305444|dead-url=no}}</ref> tersedia untuk di-download sebagai CD-ROM dengan dua versi: sebagai disk instalasi terbatas yang hanya berisi kernel dan aplikasi dasar, dan disk instalasi penuh yang berisi lebih banyak aplikasi (game, jejaring, pengembangan, dll.). versi ini tidak tersedia {{As of|2011|11|lc=on}} tapi tersedia dengan versi 1.2 yang lebih baru dan lengkap.<ref name="freedos files">{{Cite web|url=http://www.freedos.org/freedos/files/|title=FreeDOS 1.0|website=FreeDOS.org|publisher=The FreeDOS Project|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105002254/http://www.freedos.org/freedos/files|archive-date=2011-11-05|access-date=2015-12-21}}</ref> versi legacy 1.0 (2006) terdiri atas dua CD, yaitu CD berukuran 8MB yang ditargetkan untuk pengguna biasa dan yang lebih besar, berukuran 49MB [[live CD]] yang juga berisi [[kode sumber]] dari proyek.

* [[Dell]] dengan pramuat FreeDOS pada desktop seri n untuk mengurangi biaya mereka. Perusahaan ini telah dikritik karena membuat mesin ini tidak lebih murah, dan lebih sulit untuk dibeli daripada sistem yang identik dengan Windows.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/10/06/dell_open_pc/|title=How Dell repels attempts to buy its 'open source' PC|last=Vance|first=Ashlee|publisher=The Register|access-date=2008-01-02|archive-date=2012-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007203708/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/10/06/dell_open_pc/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]] menyediakan FreeDOS sebagai opsi dalam desktop dc5750, netbook ''Mini 5101'' dan laptop ''Probook''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/12546_na/12546_na.HTML|title=HP Compaq dc5750 Business PC|publisher=Hewlett-Packard|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113070156/http://h18000.www1.hp.com/products/quickspecs/12546_na/12546_na.HTML|archive-date=13 November 2012|access-date=27 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops-and-Notebooks/First-Look-at-HPs-LowCost-ProBook-Laptop-Lineup-880043/|title=First Look at HP's Low-Cost ProBook Laptop Lineup|publisher=[[EWeek]]|access-date=2009-03-26|archive-date=2012-10-17|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6BU1cGaI3?url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops-and-Notebooks/First-Look-at-HPs-LowCost-ProBook-Laptop-Lineup-880043/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://technologizer.com/2009/06/23/hps-mini-5101-netbook-deluxe-with-all-the-trimmings/|title=HP’s Mini 5101: Netbook Deluxe, With All the Trimmings|last=McCracken|first=Harry|date=2009-06-23|publisher=Technologizer|access-date=2009-08-01|archive-date=2023-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527231516/https://www.technologizer.com/2009/06/23/hps-mini-5101-netbook-deluxe-with-all-the-trimmings/|dead-url=no}}</ref> FreeDOS ini juga digunakan sebagai media bootable untuk memperbarui firmware BIOS di sistem HP.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/SoftwareDescription.jsp?lang=en&cc=us&prodTypeId=321957&prodSeriesId=3442832&swItem=ob-88522-1&mode=4&idx=3|title=FreeDOS Bootable Media|date=2010-10-25|publisher=[[Hewlett-Packard|HP]]|access-date=2011-01-13|archive-date=2012-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308140217/http://h20000.www2.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/SoftwareDescription.jsp?lang=en&cc=us&prodTypeId=321957&prodSeriesId=3442832&swItem=ob-88522-1&mode=4&idx=3|dead-url=yes}}</ref>

* SpinRite 6 milik GRC, untuk pemeliharaan hard drive dan program recovery, ada FreeDOS di dalamnya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/7684|title=SpinRite 6.0 for Linux Users|last=Leon A. Goldstein|date=2004-07-19|publisher=Linux Journal|access-date=2017-02-09|archive-date=2023-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610215441/https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/7684|dead-url=no}}</ref>