SolarCity: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.6 |
Reformat 1 URL (Wayback Medic 2.5)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot |
||
| (2 revisi perantara oleh pengguna yang sama tidak ditampilkan) | |||
Baris 36:
SolarCity didirikan pada 2006 oleh Peter dan [[Lyndon Rive]]<ref name="time20080417">[http://content.time.com/time/specials/2007/article/0,28804,1730759_1730843_1730983,00.html Solarcity] ''Time Magazine'', 17 April, 2008.</ref> bersaudara, dengan saran konsep perusahaan tenaga surya dari sepupu mereka, Elon Musk. Elon Musk sekaligus memimpin dan membantu pembuatan perusahaan ini.<ref>[http://news.cnet.com/Elon-Musk-on-rockets,-sports-cars,-and-solar-power---page-2/2008-11389_3-6230661-2.html Newsmaker: Elon Musk on rockets, sports cars and solar power], ''news.cnet.com'', Michael Kanellos, 15 Februari 2008.</ref> Hingga tahun 2009, panel surya yang dipasang oleh perusahaan ini dapat menghasilkan daya 440 [[megawatt]] (MW).<ref name=SEIAdata>{{cite web |url= https://www.seia.org/solar-industry-research-data|title= Solar Industry Data; Solar Industry Breaks 20 GW Barrier - Grows 34% Over 2013|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= 2015|website= SEAI Research & Resources|publisher= Solar Energy Industries Association|access-date= 29 Juni 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Solar Installer Sues for U.S. Grant Funds|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324582004578457431235673210 |access-date=2013-08-11 |newspaper=Wall Street Journal |date=2013-05-06 |first1=Cassandra |last1=Sweet |first2=Ryan |last2=Tracy}}</ref>
Pada tahun 2011, perusahaan ini memulai perluasannya ke pesisir timur dengan mengakuisisi divisi tenaga surya dari Clean Currents<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/portland/blog/sbo/2011/01/solarcity-buys-clean-currents.html|title=SolarCity buys Clean Currents|date=Jan 24, 2011|website=www.bizjournals.com|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref> dan groSolar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/solar-city-acquires-grosolars-residential-installation-business|title=SolarCity Acquires groSolar's Residential Installation Business|last=Wesoff|first=Eric|date=2011-02-17|website=www.greentechmedia.com|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref> Setelah akuisisi tersebut, SolarCity melebarkan operasinya di pesisir timur dan membuka kantor di Connecticut,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.courant.com/business/hc-xpm-2012-02-07-hc-solar-city-expands-20120207-story.html|title=SolarCity, Solar Panel Company, Establishes Hartford Office|last=PODSADA|first=JANICE|website=courant.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref> Pennsylvania,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.post-gazette.com/business/powersource/2016/11/04/Solar-City-eyeing-growth-in-Pittsburgh-region-opens-operations-center/stories/201611040063|title=Solar City, eyeing growth in Pittsburgh region, opens operations center|website=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|language=en|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref> Carolina Selatan,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cleantechnica.com/2016/10/06/solarcity-expands-services-south-carolina/|website=[[cleantechnica.com]]|access-date=2019-03-01|title=SolarCity expands services into South Carolina}}</ref> Florida,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/technology/tech_check/os-solar-city-florida-expansion-20161201-story.html|title=Elon Musk's SolarCity expanding in Clermont|last=Santana|first=Marco|website=OrlandoSentinel.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-01|archive-date=2019-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302090824/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/business/technology/tech_check/os-solar-city-florida-expansion-20161201-story.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Vermont,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vermontbiz.com/news/august/solarcity-launches-new-solar-loan-program-vermont|title=SolarCity launches new solar loan program in Vermont|date=2016-08-06|website=Vermont Business Magazine|language=en|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref> dan New Hampshire.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nhpr.org/post/solar-energy-giant-move-nh-market|title=Solar Energy Giant To Move Into N.H. Market|last=Evans-Brown|first=Sam|website=www.nhpr.org|language=en|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref>
Pada tahun 2013, SolarCity menjadi perusahaan pemasang sistem tenaga surya rumahan terdepan di Amerika Serikat,<ref>[https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/is-the-solarcity-model-the-only-way-to-scale-residential-solar Is the SolarCity Model the Only Way to Scale Residential Solar?], ''greentechmedia.com'', Nicole Litvak, 31 Maret 2014.</ref> dan majalah Solar Power World menempatkan SolarCity pada posisi kedua perusahaan pemasang sistem tenaga surya secara keseluruhan di Amerika Serikat.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.solarpowerworldonline.com/top-250-solar-contractors/ |title=2013 Top 250 Solar Contractors|work=Solar Power World|access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref> Pada tahun 2013, SolarCity membeli Paramount Solar dari [[Paramount Equity]] seharga $120 juta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://solarindustrymag.com/solarcity-completes-acquisition-of-paramount-solar |title=SolarCity Completes Acquisition of Paramount Solar|date=11 September 2013|access-date=17 November 2016}}</ref> Pada tahun 2015, panel surya yang dipasang oleh SolarCity dapat menghasilkan daya 870 megawatt,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.solarcity.com/sites/default/files/SolarCity_Impact_Report_2015.pdf |title=SolarCity 2015 Impact Report}}</ref> dan menyumbang sebesar 28% dari jumlah pemasangan sistem tenaga surya non-utilitas di Amerika Serikat.
Baris 66:
=== Panel surya komersil ===
Pada Mei 2008, SolarCity menjadi salah satu, pada saat itu, perusahaan pemasangan sistem panel surya komersil terbesar di San Jose, di North Campus milik [[eBay]]; pada Juli 2008, SolarCity menjadi salah satu, pada saat itu perusahaan pemasangan sistem panel surya komersil terbesar di [[San Francisco]], untuk British Motor Car Distributors, terdiri dari 1606 [[Fotovoltaik|panel surya.]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Solar Panel Installation, Commercial British Motors|url=http://www.solarcity.com/commercial/commercial-solar-projects/british-motors|publisher=SolarCity}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Solar Powered Business Leader|url=https://sfenvironment.org/article/sf-solar-pv-case-studies/commercial-solar-at-british-motor-car|publisher=San Francisco Department of the Environment|access-date=2021-06-03|archive-date=2021-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503163217/https://sfenvironment.org/article/sf-solar-pv-case-studies/commercial-solar-at-british-motor-car|dead-url=yes}}</ref> SolarCity memperkenalkan pilihan finansial untuk bisnis pada 2009<ref name="solarserver">{{cite web|title=SolarCity increases the scope of its PPA Program; Gartner expects commercial solar PPA market to account for 26 % of the solar PPA market in 2009|url=http://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/solarcity-increases-the-scope-of-its-ppa-program-gartner-expects-commercial-solar-ppa-market-to-account-for-26-of-the-solar-ppa-market-in-2009.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402064820/http://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/solarcity-increases-the-scope-of-its-ppa-program-gartner-expects-commercial-solar-ppa-market-to-account-for-26-of-the-solar-ppa-market-in-2009.html|archive-date=2 April 2013|access-date=19 April 2015|work=solarserver.com|publisher=solarserver.com}}</ref> dan membuat beberapa proyek panel surya untuk organisasi besar, termasuk [[Walmart]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Francisco|first=San|date=2011-09-21|title=SolarCity to put solar on 60 more California Wal-Mart stores|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2011/09/21/solarcity-expands-walmart-deal.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=Aug 7, 2012|title=SolarCity to install solar panel & battery combo for Walmarts|publisher=Gigaom.com|url=http://gigaom.com/cleantech/solarcity-to-install-solar-panel-battery-combo-for-walmarts.html}}{{Pranala mati|date=November 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Intel]],<ref name="solarenergy">{{cite web|title=Intel To Install 6 Acre Solar Installation in CA | Solar Energy|url=http://www.solarenergy.net/News/1271002-intel-to-install-6-acre-solar-installation-in-ca.aspx|access-date=2014-03-15|publisher=solarenergy.net|archive-date=2012-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728184553/http://www.solarenergy.net/News/1271002-intel-to-install-6-acre-solar-installation-in-ca.aspx|dead-url=yes}}</ref> dan militer Amerika Serikat.<ref name="airforcetimes">{{cite web|title=Sun helps power new Davis-Monthan homes|url=http://www.airforcetimes.com/news/2009/11/airforce_solar_neighborhood_112209w/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.
=== Teknologi pemasangan ===
Baris 98:
Pada 2014, SolarCity mengumumkan rencana untuk membangun pabrik baru (sekarang dikenal sebagai Gigafactory 2) di [[Buffalo, New York]], dengan koordinasi bersama [[Institut Politeknik SUNY]], setelah membeli Silevo, pembuat modul panel surya berefisiensi tinggi. Awal komplek pabrik seluas 1,2 juta kaki persegi (110.000 <math>m^2</math>) yang memakan dana $900 juta dan menampung 1.500 pekerja di Buffalo dan 5.000 pekerja di seluruh negara bagian.<ref name="Buffalo News August 2016">{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=David|date=August 26, 2016|title=SolarCity construction nears completion|newspaper=[[The Buffalo News]]|url=http://buffalonews.com/2016/08/26/solarcity-construction-nears-completion/|access-date=2016-11-13}}</ref> Dengan kapasitas yang direncanakan 1 gigawatt dari panel surya setiap tahunnya pada 2019, pembangkit tenaga surya baru ini akan menjadi yang terbesar di Amerika Serikat.<ref name="WSJ_Silevo">{{cite news|last1=Gold|first1=Russel|date=June 17, 2014|title=SolarCity Buys Silevo, a Module Maker|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/solarcity-to-acquire-solar-module-maker-silevo-1403017005|url-status=dead|access-date=2014-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140619040411/http://online.wsj.com/articles/solarcity-to-acquire-solar-module-maker-silevo-1403017005|archive-date=Juni 19, 2014}}</ref> Peletakan batu pertama untuk proyek tersebut dilaksanakan pada September 2014 dengan target penyelesaian pada awal 2016.<ref name="WIVB SolarCity">{{cite news|date=September 23, 2014|title=SolarCity investing $5B in Buffalo, creating 3,000 jobs|publisher=LIN Television Corporation|url=http://wivb.com/2014/09/23/solarcity-investing-5b-in-buffalo-creating-3000-jobs/|url-status=dead|access-date=2014-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141004032429/http://wivb.com/2014/09/23/solarcity-investing-5b-in-buffalo-creating-3000-jobs/|archive-date=Oktober 4, 2014}}</ref>
Fasilitas ini merupakan yang terbesar pada kelasnya di [[Belahan Bumi barat|Belahan Bumi Barat]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Craig|first=Susanne|date=October 25, 2015|title=Despite Risks, Cuomo Bets on Solar Power to Lift Buffalo|newspaper=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/26/nyregion/cuomo-bets-on-solar-power-to-get-buffalo-on-its-feet.html|access-date=2015-10-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=August 4, 2015|title=Governor Cuomo Celebrates "Topping Off" of SolarCity Gigafactory|url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-celebrates-topping-solarcity-gigafactory|access-date=2015-10-27|publisher=New York State|archive-date=2015-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908003338/http://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-celebrates-topping-solarcity-gigafactory|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[Panasonic]] adalah yang bertanggung jawab mengendalikan produksi pada pembangkit tenaga di Buffalo, dan berinvestasi $256 juta.<ref>{{cite web|last=Osborne|first=Mark|date=2017-01-16|title=Tesla/SolarCity/Silevo/Panasonic 1GW Buffalo fab's known unknowns|url=http://www.pv-tech.org/editors-blog/tesla-solarcity-silveo-panasonic-1gw-buffalo-fabs-known-unknowns|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117143429/http://www.pv-tech.org/editors-blog/tesla-solarcity-silveo-panasonic-1gw-buffalo-fabs-known-unknowns|archive-date=2017-01-17|access-date=2017-01-20|work=PV-Tech}}</ref> Panasonic dan SolarCity/Silevo sedang mengembangkan teknologi HIT yang mirip, namun berbeda, dan Panasonic berharap untuk menggunakan wafer 6 inci (150 mm) SolarCity yang menggabungkan teknologi kedua perusahaan dengan efisiensi 22%.<ref>{{cite news|last=Stromsta|first=Karl-Erik|date=October 24, 2016|title=Panasonic to 'integrate' SolarCity's PV technology at New York factory|publisher=[[Recharge (magazine)|Recharge]]|url=http://www.rechargenews.com/solar/1447341/panasonic-to-integrate-solarcitys-pv-technology-at-new-york-factory|access-date=2016-10-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=David|date=2016-11-03|title=SolarCity moving into its giant new RiverBend factory|newspaper=[[The Buffalo News]]|url=http://buffalonews.com/2016/11/03/solarcity-plant/|url-status=live|access-date=2016-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121173007/http://buffalonews.com/2016/11/03/solarcity-plant/|archive-date=2016-11-21|quote=Panasonic and SolarCity are using similar technology to produce high-efficiency solar panels, which Rive believes will allow the companies to combine elements from each firm's technology, leading to the production of a "hybrid" solar cell}}</ref> SolarCity mengharapkan permintaan melebihi produksi Buffalo 10.000 panel surya per hari, dan membeli peralatan surya dari produsen lain sampai lebih banyak pabrik dapat dibangun.<ref name="miner2015">{{cite web|last=Miner|first=Dan|date=October 23, 2015|title=Expect New York state to have input in next SolarCity factory|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/buffalo/news/2015/10/23/new-york-state-will-have-major-say-in-next.html|access-date=2016-11-22|work=Buffalo Business First|publisher=American City Business Journals}}</ref> SolarCity diharuskan menghabiskan $5 miliar selama dekade selanjutnya untuk fasilitas tersebut dan menciptakan lebih dari 1.460 pekerjaan manufaktur langsung.<ref name=":8">{{cite news|last=Riley|first=Kim|date=2017-03-24|title=Success of Buffalo Billion-backed SolarCity factory remains elusive|language=en-US|work=Daily Energy Insider|url=https://dailyenergyinsider.com/featured/3905-success-buffalo-billion-backed-solarcity-factory-remains-elusive/|access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref>
Pada Februari 2016, CEO Lyndon Rive mengumumkan produksi akan dimulai pada musim panas 2017, karena penundaan pasokan bahan baku mesin untuk pembangkit tenaga.<ref name="Buffalo News SolarCity">{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=David|date=February 10, 2016|title=SolarCity delaying Buffalo factory production|newspaper=[[The Buffalo News]]|url=http://buffalonews.com/2016/02/10/solarcity-delaying-buffalo-factory-production/|access-date=2016-12-09}}</ref> Negara bagian New York memiliki bangunan dan sebagian besar peralatannya, dan disewakan kepada SolarCity. Sebagian besar pekerjaannya telah selesai pada November 2016, ketika proyek [[Buffalo Billion]] sedang diinvestigasi, yang menunda pembayaran negara bagian kepada kontraktor, namun tidak mempengaruhi kemajuan penyelesaian pembangunan.<ref>{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=David|date=November 28, 2016|title=State is late paying Riverbend contractors again|newspaper=[[The Buffalo News]]|url=http://buffalonews.com/2016/11/28/state-late-paying-riverbend-contractors/|access-date=2016-11-29}}</ref> SolarCity mulai mempekerjakan orang untuk fasilitas ini pada Desember 2016.<ref>{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=David|date=December 5, 2016|title=SolarCity begins its hunt for factory workers|newspaper=[[The Buffalo News]]|url=http://buffalonews.com/2016/12/05/solarcity-begins-hunt-factory-workers/|access-date=2016-12-09}}</ref>
Baris 160:
=== Pemalsuan jumlah penjualan ===
Pada bulan Juli 2018, tiga mantan pegawai SolarCity mengajukan gugatan kepada perusahaan tersebut atas tuduhan bahwa perusahaan telah menyetujui pembuatan "akun-akun penjualan palsu", yang menghasilkan "penilaian bisnis yang tinggi secara tidak wajar untuk SolarCity" bagi para investor.<ref name=":11">{{cite news|url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2018/07/3-ex-solarcity-employees-claim-company-oversaw-bogus-sales-to-inflate-valuation/|title=Ex-SolarCity employees: We were fired after reporting millions in fake sales|last=Farivar|first=Cyrus|date=2018-07-31|work=Ars Technica|access-date=2018-08-14|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/ex-solarcity-workers-sue-tesla-claiming-it-inflated-sales-with-fake-accounts-2018-07-31|title=Ex-SolarCity workers sue Tesla, claiming it inflated sales with fake accounts|last=Assis|first=Claudia|date=2018-08-01|work=MarketWatch|access-date=2018-08-14|language=en-US}}</ref> Mereka menuduh bahwa, setelah memberi tahu insiden kepada pihak manajemen, termasuk CEO Elon Musk, mereka bertiga dipecat. Tindakan ini menurut mereka bertentangan dengan hukum perlindungan ''whistleblower'' California. Salah seorang juru bicara telah menyangkal tuduhan-tuduhan tersebut.<ref name=":11" /> Pada tanggal 5 Juni 2020, kasus itu diselesaikan dan ditutup secara final.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Accessing Court Records for the San Diego Superior Court|url=http://www.sdcourt.ca.gov/portal/page?_pageid=55,1641155&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL|quote=Civil case 37-2018-00037100-CU-WT-CTL (case 37100 in the year 2018): On 6/5/2020: Complaint dismissed with prejudice as to White, Anqunetta; Complaint dismissed with prejudice as to Ray, Robert; Complaint dismissed with prejudice as to Staples, Andrew; Complaint dismissed with prejudice as to Tesla Inc.; Complaint dismissed with prejudice as to Solarcity Corporation.|access-date=2021-06-04|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614050211/http://www.sdcourt.ca.gov/portal/page?_pageid=55,1641155&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL|dead-url=yes}}</ref>
=== Gugatan Walmart dan Proyek Titan ===
| |||